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1、重難點(diǎn)20 書(shū)面表達(dá)圖表類 【命題趨勢(shì)】 圖表作文是中考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中較為常見(jiàn)的題型之一，也是難度較大的一種寫(xiě)作題型。這類作文可綜合提供題目、數(shù)據(jù)、圖像、提綱形式多樣，但實(shí)際上只涉及5個(gè)方面描述圖表、指明寓意、分析原因、聯(lián)系實(shí)際、給出建議而每次考試只是這5個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容中選出3個(gè)進(jìn)行考查。從寫(xiě)作關(guān)型來(lái)看，基本上屬于說(shuō)明文。要求考生圍繞題目將有關(guān)信息轉(zhuǎn)化為文字形式，考生應(yīng)該具有一定的數(shù)據(jù)分析和材料歸納能力，同時(shí)會(huì)運(yùn)用一定的寫(xiě)作方法。 【滿分技巧】 認(rèn)真審題。審好題是寫(xiě)好書(shū)面表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵。審題時(shí)要注意試題的要求，抓住要點(diǎn)，詞數(shù)符合要求。 構(gòu)思提綱。有了提綱，我們就可以根據(jù)提綱和主題確定相關(guān)

2、 寫(xiě)作材料。通常書(shū)面表達(dá)給出的話題是開(kāi)放的，而具體的內(nèi)容要求學(xué)生自己發(fā)揮，因此選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)乃夭囊彩鞘苟涛闹行耐怀觥⒚鞔_的關(guān)鍵。 初寫(xiě)短文。一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒，就可以動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)作了，在寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中我們要注意句子的準(zhǔn)確性、連貫性以及簡(jiǎn)潔性。使用的詞語(yǔ)、短語(yǔ)及句型盡量用自己有把握的詞。同時(shí)還要注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，使句子銜接自然。 修改潤(rùn)色。修改潤(rùn)色是獲取高分的必要步驟。這一步我們除了檢查短文的各種錯(cuò)誤外，還要檢查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，有無(wú)重復(fù)、啰嗦的語(yǔ)言，大小寫(xiě)是否正確，格式是否正確，詞數(shù)是否符合要求等。 【熱點(diǎn)話題】 閱讀、英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)、活動(dòng)介紹等說(shuō)明類的書(shū)面表達(dá)。 【限時(shí)檢測(cè)】（建議用時(shí)：30分

3、鐘） A【2019 ?山西省】 閱讀是同學(xué)們未來(lái)參與社會(huì)應(yīng)具備的關(guān)鍵能力，無(wú)論你喜歡哪種閱讀方式，它都能讓你增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)，開(kāi)闊眼界。最近，某出版社在兩萬(wàn)人中，針對(duì)人們喜歡的閱讀方式做了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，下圖是相關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果，其中包括電子閱讀和紙質(zhì)閱讀的人數(shù)。 請(qǐng)你用兩段話寫(xiě)一篇短文，第一段用百分比簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明圖表內(nèi)容，第二段從圖表中選出一項(xiàng)你喜歡的閱讀方式，結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷，談?wù)勥@種閱讀方式的好處。 要求： 1. 詞數(shù)不少于 80 詞； 2. 首句已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯僅供參考； 3. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名。 WORD BANK reading on mo

4、bile phones others books reading paper __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【寫(xiě)作思

6、路】 這篇作文要求我們對(duì)一個(gè)人們喜歡的閱讀方式的調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行介紹，并結(jié)合實(shí)際，談一談自己喜歡的閱讀方式。審題可知，短文應(yīng)主要包括兩部分內(nèi)容：首先仔細(xì)觀察圖表，用百分比簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明圖表內(nèi)容；然后選擇其中一項(xiàng)你喜歡的閱讀方式，結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷，談一談這種閱讀方式的好處。短文應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主，根據(jù)表達(dá)需要選擇適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q，第二部分內(nèi)容應(yīng)以第一人稱為主敘述。寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)注意：文章應(yīng)包括題目中的所有內(nèi)容，尤其注意仔細(xì)觀察圖表，將圖表中的信息表達(dá)清楚、準(zhǔn)確。其次應(yīng)注意英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣和漢語(yǔ)的不同，不能根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)思維逐詞翻譯。應(yīng)從句子的整體結(jié)構(gòu)考慮，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木湫?、短語(yǔ)和詞匯，語(yǔ)句通順，表達(dá)清楚。句式結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡(jiǎn)單句為基礎(chǔ)

7、，穿插并列句和復(fù)合句，以及其他復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，提升文章檔次。同時(shí)注意語(yǔ)句之間使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接成分，使上下文意連貫、自然。 【參考范文】 Recently, a survey was done among 20,000 people about the ways of reading. Here is what we have learned from it. 60% of the people like to read on mobile phones or e-readers, while only 38.4% choose to read paper books. So we can know

8、 that more and more people prefer to read e-books rather than paper books. However, whatever way of reading we choose, it can help increase our knowledge and open our eyes. As for me, I am still used to reading paper books. Whenever I open a paper book, the smell of paper reminds me of the stories

9、in the books from my mom when I was a little kid. Just because of this, I got into the habit of reading. So when I read paper books now, they always bring me the old feelings. On the other hand, compared with the electronic devices, reading paper books is good for eyes. So you see, I believe e-books

10、 won’t take the place of paper books in my heart. B【2019 ?重慶市B卷】 假如你參加了學(xué)校組織的“走近鄉(xiāng)村”寒假社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求，向某英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站投稿，分享活動(dòng)經(jīng)歷。 要求：1.80~120詞，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2. 文中不能出現(xiàn)自己的姓名和所在學(xué)校的名稱。 參考信息： Have you ever got close to the countryside and had a special experience? Let me share mine! _________________

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12、___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【寫(xiě)作思路】 本文屬于一篇圖表作文，根據(jù)表格提供的信息來(lái)介紹“走近鄉(xiāng)村”寒假社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷。人稱為第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)主要為一

13、般過(guò)去時(shí)。動(dòng)筆前先要注意認(rèn)真閱讀材料確定寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容；文章必須包括要點(diǎn)中所給的信息，既要寫(xiě)活動(dòng)的過(guò)程，又要總結(jié)活動(dòng)感受與收獲。并補(bǔ)充兩條個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)。表達(dá)要符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，注意時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配及主謂一致問(wèn)題。寫(xiě)作中適當(dāng)使用連詞，注意上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符合邏輯關(guān)系，表達(dá)具有條理性。多種句式交叉使用來(lái)豐富文章的文采。高分句型：1.We experienced the life in the countryside, learned something that we couldn’t get from books before. 我們經(jīng)歷了農(nóng)村的生活，學(xué)到了一些我們以前從書(shū)中得不到的東西。that we

14、 couldn’t get from books before.是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾不定代詞something。2. We really hope we’ll have another activity like that this winter vacation! 我們真的希望今年寒假還能有這樣的活動(dòng)！hope后面是省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句。 【參考范文】 Have you ever got close to the countryside and had a special experience? Let me share mine. During the winter vacation

15、my classmates and I joined in the school activity “Get close to the countryside”. We live in the famers’ homes. Their great living conditions surprised us a lot. Do you know where vegetables come from? We got the answer when working with the farmers. Besides, we learned about other plants and some f

16、arm animals. How interesting! We experienced the life in the countryside, learned something that we couldn’t get from books before, and felt the wonderful changes of the countryside. We realized how hard the farmers worked and decided to save food. We were happy to see the farmers’ life was getting

17、 better and better. We really hope we’ll have another activity like that this winter vacation! C【2019 ?山東省濰坊市】 請(qǐng)根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容和下列問(wèn)題提示進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。 注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)故事的詞數(shù)為80左右； 2. 展開(kāi)合理想象，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫； 3. 可根據(jù)需要自主選用以下參考詞匯： Call the police dangerous escape catch robber (強(qiáng)盜) ______

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19、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【寫(xiě)作思路】 這是一篇根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和圖表提示，要求續(xù)寫(xiě)一個(gè)完整的故事。動(dòng)筆前先要認(rèn)真閱讀要點(diǎn)，圍繞要點(diǎn)

20、組織材料，然后用正確的英語(yǔ)句子把這些內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來(lái)，在此基礎(chǔ)上亦可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意不要遺漏材料中給出的要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)材料可知本文主要是應(yīng)用第三人稱，一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及大小寫(xiě)等問(wèn)題，不要犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，語(yǔ)意連貫。 【參考范文】 A “A knife ! My God ! He was really dangerous .It was wise to drive him off my car .” Andrea thought .Then she breathed deeply and called the police to tell them what had h

21、appened .A moment later , the police came to her .Andrea pointed to the direction the “old lady” might be in .Then the police drove along the road to look for “her” . How amazing ! The police were surprised to see that the “old lady” was still standing by the road .The police stopped and said , “He

22、llo ,madam .We’d like to take you to Brockboune ,Get in ,please .” B "How dangerous! What should I do?" Andrea said to herself "He must be a thief or robber .” As soon as she realized this, Andrea drove to the nearest police station and told the police what had happened ,then she left . When An

23、drea got home, she told her parents all about the "old lady". After hearing the story, her parents hugged her tightly and said ,”What a lucky girl ! You are brave and smart enough to protect yourself .We are proud of you!” An hour later, the police phoned her that they had caught the man-a real robb

24、er. D【2019 ?浙江省湖州市】 5月18日是國(guó)際博物館日，下圖是你班同學(xué)參觀博物館的情況。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合調(diào)查結(jié)果、自己的參觀經(jīng)歷和感受，寫(xiě)一份報(bào)告，并在英語(yǔ)課上匯報(bào)。 注意：1. 詞數(shù)：80-100 (短文首句已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))； 2. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和校名。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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26、_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【寫(xiě)作思路】 這是一篇圖表，是同學(xué)參觀博物館的情況，結(jié)合調(diào)查結(jié)果、自己的參觀經(jīng)歷和感受，寫(xiě)一份報(bào)告，并在英語(yǔ)課上匯報(bào)。動(dòng)筆前先要認(rèn)真閱讀要點(diǎn)，圍繞要點(diǎn)組織材料，然后用正確的英語(yǔ)句子把這些內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來(lái)，在此基礎(chǔ)上亦可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意不要遺漏材料中給出的要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)材料注意人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的不同，注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及大小寫(xiě)等問(wèn)題，不要犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，語(yǔ)意連貫。 【參考范文】 Vi

27、siting museums has become one of the most popular ways for us students to spend our spare time. According to the survey made in our class, almost all the students have been to museums, such as science museums, tea museums and film museums, etc. Among them, the science museum is our favorite. Ive b

28、een to Huzhou Science Museum and Lu Yu Tea Museum. I like the tea museum very much, because I can learn about the histor and development of tea and watch the tea art performances there as well. What Im interested in most is the show of beautiful tea sets, which has left a deep impression on me. Mus

29、eums make it possible for us students to learn knowledge and experience cultures at the same time. Why not visit more? E【2019 ?山東省濟(jì)寧市】 假如你是Wang Hong, 你的美國(guó)筆友Kevin下學(xué)期將作為名交換生來(lái)你們學(xué)校。下面是他發(fā)給你的一封e-mail.請(qǐng)根據(jù)郵件內(nèi)容給予恰當(dāng)?shù)幕貜?fù)。 注意: 1.文中不得出現(xiàn)可能透露考生真實(shí)身份的任何信息. 2.100詞左右(開(kāi)頭,結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)人總詞數(shù))。 Dear Wang Hong, How are you

30、 doing? You might not believe it, but I’m going to your school as one of five exchange students next term. And I’m so excited! However, I’m worried about communicating with the teachers and students. As you know, I can speak only a little Chinese. What should I do? Besides, I want to learn to play

31、pin-pong. Can you find a good player to help me? If you can, tell me something about him or her. Looking forward to your reply Best wishes! Yours, Kevin 參考詞語(yǔ)talk in English, help sb. with, be friendly and helpful, practice... with, play well, win a good prize. _______________________________

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33、_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【寫(xiě)作思路】 這是一篇圖表，要求介紹自己。動(dòng)筆前先要認(rèn)真閱讀要點(diǎn)，圍繞要點(diǎn)組織材料，然后用正確的英語(yǔ)句子把這些內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來(lái)，在此基礎(chǔ)上亦可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意不要遺漏材料中給出的要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)材料注意不同的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱，注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及大小寫(xiě)等問(wèn)題，不要犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，語(yǔ)意連貫。 【參考范文】 Dear Kevin I’

34、m glad to hear from you. You said you were worried about communicating with the teachers and students because you could speak only a little Chinese. You don’t be worried about it. You can talk with them in English. They can also help you with Chinese. They are very friendly and helpful. You also said you wanted to learn to play ping-pong. You can practice it with Li Lei. He is my best friend. He plays it very well. He won a good prize last week. He is ready to do others. With his help, you will be good at it. Welcome to our school. Best wishes. Yours Wang Hong 8