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1、新目標(biāo)新目標(biāo) 九年級(jí)九年級(jí)Unit 15Unit 15 Were trying to save the manatees!1. How many kinds of Animals can you think of?2. Can you see them around us? Why?Warming upAnimals are mans friends.Whats this? And how to describe it? enormous, grayWhats this? And how to describe it? noisy, cleverWhats this? And how to d

2、escribe it? playfulWhats this? And how to describe it? gentle, shyWhats this? And how to describe it? playfulWhats this? And how to describe it? aggressive, funny1b Listening gentle furry enormous playful noisy shy aggressive gray fast spotted I am like this animal because I am strong and intelligen

3、t. I like water and I like to eat vegetables.Youre like an elephant. No.Youre like aManatee.Yes.I am like this animal because I am lovely and playful. I like to eat bamboo.Youre like a panda.Yes. 2a Listening1.endangered2.mangroves swamps3.habitat4.aquatic feeda. the place where something lives b. t

4、here arent very many of themc. underwater plants and vegetationd. a place where trees grow in waterKind of animalmanateeNumbersHabitatReason why they are endangeredDescriptionListen and complete the chart.2500 in the U.S.the water under the trees in mangrove swamps.swamps being polluted.not enough f

5、ood.10 feet long, large, 1000 pounds heavyA: How big are manatees?B: Theyre about 10 feet long and they weigh about 1,000 pounds.A: Where do they live? B: Their favorite habitat is the water under the trees in mangrove swamps.A: Why are they endangered?B: Some of the swamps have become polluted. Als

6、o, there sometimes isnt enough food for all of them. Explanation 1.I am like this animal because I am strong and intelligent.be like=look like=be similar to 像，看起來像。像，看起來像。如：如：He is like his father. 他像他的父親。他像他的父親。= He looks like his father.= He is similar to his father. 這里的這里的like作介詞，意思為作介詞，意思為“像像”，l

7、ike 還可做動(dòng)詞用，表示還可做動(dòng)詞用，表示“喜歡喜歡”，like（doing）sth. 喜歡做某事。喜歡做某事。如：如：He likes his father very much.他很喜歡他的父親。他很喜歡他的父親。Mary likes playing volleyball.瑪麗喜歡打排球?，旣愊矚g打排球。2.How big are manatees? 海牛有多大？海牛有多大？ how big. 詢問體重。以詢問體重。以how組合的疑問組合的疑問詞組有很多，如：詞組有很多，如： how old 詢問年齡詢問年齡 how often詢問頻率詢問頻率 how long詢問動(dòng)作持續(xù)的長短詢問動(dòng)作持

8、續(xù)的長短 how much詢問質(zhì)量或者價(jià)錢詢問質(zhì)量或者價(jià)錢 how far 詢問距離詢問距離 how many詢問數(shù)量詢問數(shù)量 how soon 詢問過多久詢問過多久3.they weigh about 1,000 pounds, 他們大約重他們大約重1000磅。磅。 weigh 稱稱重量，測重量，測重量。如：重量。如： He weighed the stone in his hand. 他用手掂了掂這塊石頭的重量。他用手掂了掂這塊石頭的重量。 The piece of meat weighs four pounds. 這塊肉重四磅。這塊肉重四磅。 weight 還可用做名詞，重量。還可用做名

9、詞，重量。 如：如： What is your weight？ 你的體重是多少？你的體重是多少？4. Were trying to save the manatees. 我們正在竭盡全力拯救海牛。我們正在竭盡全力拯救海牛。 Try to do =try ones best to do 努力去做某事。努力去做某事。如：如： Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university. 為了進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)為了進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí), 每個(gè)學(xué)生都應(yīng)該每個(gè)學(xué)生都應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。努力學(xué)習(xí)。Grammar時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞的形式謂語動(dòng)

10、詞的形式 （do）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)do / doesdidbe (am / is / are) doinghave / has donewas / were donehave / has been done 定義：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止定義：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成，并對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下某種后果和已經(jīng)完成，并對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下某種后果和影響的動(dòng)作。影響的動(dòng)作。1. 表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果成的影響或結(jié)果,常與一些時(shí)間

11、狀語。常與一些時(shí)間狀語?，F(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 如如: already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice 等連用等連用, 也可以也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語, 如如these days, today, this year, so far 等連用。等連用。 2. 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還將繼續(xù)下去也許還將繼續(xù)下去,可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的

12、狀語連用。在的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。 即即for +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句從句, in the last ten years等等, 謂語只可用延謂語只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 2. has / have been to 去過某地表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷去過某地表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷,可可與與once, twice, already, ever, never等連用。等連用。 have/has gone to 去某地了去某地了,說話時(shí)某人已離開此地說話時(shí)某人已離開此地,在去某地的途中或已在某地。在去某地的途中或已在某地。 have / has been in 逗留在某地逗留在某地 (

13、已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間)。 常常和和for ten days, since I came here等連用。等連用。1. Where is Jim? He _ Wuhan.2. My parents _ the Great Wall twice. They like there very much.3. _ you ever _ to the Happy valley?4. How long _ Peter _ the West Hill farm?have been to Have been to hasbeen in has gone to 5. My sister _ the shop.

14、 She will be back in two hours.6. She _ Shanghai. She isnt here.7. She _ Shanghai. She is here.8. She _ Shanghai for two years.has gone to has gone to has been to has been in 3. already - yet 已經(jīng)已經(jīng) 用于肯定句用于肯定句用于否定句用于否定句, 疑問句疑問句1. She has not seen this film _. She has _ seen this film.2. I have _ combe

15、d my hair. Have you combed your hair _.3. He has _ watched a video. He has not watched a video _.alreadyalreadyalreadyyetyetyet4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 英語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)詞義可分為兩種英語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)詞義可分為兩種,一種是一種是延續(xù)性的延續(xù)性的,一種是終止性的一種是終止性的,終止性動(dòng)詞終止性動(dòng)詞(也可稱為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可稱為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞,或點(diǎn)或點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞),如如:become, begin, buy, borr

16、ow, arrive, die, finish, get to know, go, join, marry, start, stop等。表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生等。表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生與結(jié)束于一瞬間完成與結(jié)束于一瞬間完成,不能再延續(xù)不能再延續(xù),所以它的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示延續(xù)所以它的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用的時(shí)間狀語連用,即不能與表示一段時(shí)即不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語間的狀語, for+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句連用從句連用,也不能用在也不能用在how long引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。特殊疑問句。 初中英語課本中常見終止性動(dòng)詞有初中英語課本中常見終止性動(dòng)詞有: leave, g

17、o, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become 等。等。 終止性動(dòng)詞要表示持續(xù)時(shí)終止性動(dòng)詞要表示持續(xù)時(shí), 可用以下可用以下方法：方法： 將時(shí)間狀語改為時(shí)間段將時(shí)間狀語改為時(shí)間段 + ago, 句句中謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。中謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。eg. 我弟弟參軍兩年了。我弟弟參軍兩年了。 My brother joined the army two years ago. 若保留若保留for + 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句從句, 或用在或用在 how long句型中句型中, 則需將則需將終止性動(dòng)詞改為相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞

18、或延終止性動(dòng)詞改為相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。come / go / arrive / get / reach / move- be in/at open - be open die - be dead close - be closed become -be borrow - keep put on - wear buy - have 常見終止性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常見終止性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 (或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系如下的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系如下:leave - be away (from) begin / start - be on fall asleep - be asleepen

19、d/finish - be over catch a cold - have a cold join the army - be in the army be a soldier join the Party- be in the Party be a Party member 1. 吉姆買了這只鋼筆兩年了。吉姆買了這只鋼筆兩年了。 Jim has had this pen for two years. Jim has had this pen since two years ago. Jim has had this pen since 2003. It is two years since

20、 Jim bought this pen. It has been two years since Jim bought this pen. Jim bought this pen two years ago.2. 李雷自從李雷自從2003年就參軍。年就參軍。3. 那部電影開始那部電影開始30分鐘了。分鐘了。4. 自從兩年前這家商店就開了。自從兩年前這家商店就開了。5. 那個(gè)老人已經(jīng)死了五年了。那個(gè)老人已經(jīng)死了五年了。 6. 莉莉六年前就離開家了。莉莉六年前就離開家了。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表明的是過去發(fā)生現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表明的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

21、對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響, 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況的情況, 不可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀不可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語語 yesterday, in 1991, three days ago last time, last night等連用。等連用。 一般過去時(shí)表明的是過去發(fā)生的一般過去時(shí)表明的是過去發(fā)生的事實(shí)事實(shí), 和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。 5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的 for 與與 since for + 時(shí)間段與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)間段與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用時(shí)連用 since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句。從句。 I have kept the library

22、book for a week. = I have kept the library book since a week ago. It is /has been + 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 + since. 自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了。自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了。 eg. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意注意: 1. since 引導(dǎo)的從句中動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。引導(dǎo)的從句中動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。 2. when 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 的特殊問句不與現(xiàn)在完的特殊問句不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。成時(shí)連用。 3. have got,has got

23、 雖然是現(xiàn)在完成雖然是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí),但但 have got = have has got = has1. Its a long time since we _ (meet) last time, isnt it? 2. -I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3. So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. methave chose

24、nhave reached4. My father _ home for nearly three weeks. A. has gone away from B. has left C. has been away from D. went away 5. Mr and Mrs Green have _ in China for a week. A. been B. got C. arrived D. reached 近義句轉(zhuǎn)換：近義句轉(zhuǎn)換：1. Jack joined the League five months ago. Jack _ a League member five months

25、 ago.2. Its a long time since we met last. We _ _ each other for a long time since we met last time.has beenhavent seenFill in the blanks with the right forms of the given words.1. Every day my mother _(get) up early.2. The dinosaur eggs _ (discover) many years ago by scientists.3. Listen! Some chil

26、dren _ (sing) an English song over there. getswere discoveredare singing4. In our hometown there used to _(be) many old trees.5. My work _ (not finish) yet. I cant go out to play with you.behasnt been finished【運(yùn)用【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞根據(jù)括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞, 用其正確時(shí)態(tài)填空。用其正確時(shí)態(tài)填空。1. Frank _ (help) his mother with the housewor

27、k on Sundays.2. I _ (become) a middle school student three years ago.helpsbecame3. Hello! May I speak to your father, please? Sorry, my father _ (go) to Shanghai. He went there this morning.4. Whats the noise? Jane and her sister _ (watch) TV.has goneare watching5. They _ (have) eggs and bread for breakfast tomorrow morning.6. He _ (cross) the street when he was hit by a bike.was crossingwill have