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1、 HOW TO WRITE A PICTURE STORY 目標：學會利用范文 寫圖畫作文步驟：審題找中心，看圖找要點，組詞成句成文 測試趨勢測試趨勢 近年來高考測試書面表達多采用看圖寫作為主的近年來高考測試書面表達多采用看圖寫作為主的記敘文體，它有效地考查了學生通過圖畫感官將畫記敘文體，它有效地考查了學生通過圖畫感官將畫面、圖表、提綱等信息轉(zhuǎn)化為語篇的綜合能力面、圖表、提綱等信息轉(zhuǎn)化為語篇的綜合能力, 這這個轉(zhuǎn)化的過程就是審題、判斷、整理思路、設(shè)立詞個轉(zhuǎn)化的過程就是審題、判斷、整理思路、設(shè)立詞句文框架，進行加工整理的過程。書面表達測試題句文框架，進行加工整理的過程。書面表達測試題目在整體布局

2、上留有余地，不會統(tǒng)得過死，假如考目在整體布局上留有余地，不會統(tǒng)得過死，假如考生發(fā)揮得當，有助于提高卷面總成績。生發(fā)揮得當，有助于提高卷面總成績。 預(yù)測預(yù)測 Picture story仍可能是今后高考書面表達的主流題仍可能是今后高考書面表達的主流題型。型。 趨向夾敘夾議。趨向夾敘夾議。 趨向與書信、日記、通知、報道等應(yīng)用文文體形式趨向與書信、日記、通知、報道等應(yīng)用文文體形式相結(jié)合。相結(jié)合。 趨向讓學生打開思路，給予考生更大的想象和發(fā)揮趨向讓學生打開思路，給予考生更大的想象和發(fā)揮的空間。有利于加大區(qū)分度。的空間。有利于加大區(qū)分度。 扣分原因扣分原因 1。與內(nèi)容無關(guān)。與內(nèi)容無關(guān)。 2。句子構(gòu)架搭不起

3、來，意思出不來。如：。句子構(gòu)架搭不起來，意思出不來。如：He went family. 3。行文不連貫。如：人稱使用前后矛盾，詞頻。行文不連貫。如：人稱使用前后矛盾，詞頻度過高，不會用連接詞語等。度過高，不會用連接詞語等。 4。缺少謂語動詞。如：。缺少謂語動詞。如：He very happy very much. 5。拼寫錯誤，行文潦草，無法看清、看懂。拼寫錯誤，行文潦草，無法看清、看懂。 6。語言不得體：不看對象，不看場景，用語不。語言不得體：不看對象，不看場景，用語不當。當。 7。標點混亂；人稱代詞及時態(tài)、語態(tài)亂用。標點混亂；人稱代詞及時態(tài)、語態(tài)亂用。 8。內(nèi)容要點不全，缺項，整體結(jié)構(gòu)不完

4、整。內(nèi)容要點不全，缺項，整體結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。 9。文段多于或少于規(guī)定的字數(shù)。文段多于或少于規(guī)定的字數(shù)。 10。格式不規(guī)范，如書信體中漏缺開首詞和結(jié)尾。格式不規(guī)范，如書信體中漏缺開首詞和結(jié)尾語等。語等。 得分條件得分條件 1。行文連貫流暢。行文連貫流暢人稱、時間、地點、情節(jié)交人稱、時間、地點、情節(jié)交待有層次。待有層次。 2。恰當使用連接詞語。如：。恰當使用連接詞語。如：and/or/but/so/not onlybut also/however/besides/otherwise/ like/in the same way/unless/in case/as long as/on one hand,

5、 on the other hand等詞或短語。等詞或短語。 3。語句簡明扼要，無或少詞語重復。語句簡明扼要，無或少詞語重復。 4。行文整潔，字體規(guī)范，會增加好印象。行文整潔，字體規(guī)范，會增加好印象。 5。盡量寫出與題目有關(guān)的詞語。盡量寫出與題目有關(guān)的詞語。 四、解題步驟四、解題步驟 一、審題一、審題 二、搭架子、填內(nèi)容二、搭架子、填內(nèi)容 連詞成句連詞成句給出時間、地點、人稱、主要詞組或句型。給出時間、地點、人稱、主要詞組或句型。 連句成文連句成文組句搭架、打好草稿。組句搭架、打好草稿。 三、寫出連接詞三、寫出連接詞 四、點題、扣題、突出中心四、點題、扣題、突出中心: 注意首尾呼應(yīng)，突出中心思

6、想。注意首尾呼應(yīng)，突出中心思想。 五、檢查、潤色五、檢查、潤色 確保每個句子有主語、謂語。確保每個句子有主語、謂語。 確保恰當?shù)厥褂么_保恰當?shù)厥褂?1. 并列句并列句 2. 狀語從句狀語從句 3. 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語或作狀語：分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語或作狀語： 4. 介詞短語作定語或作狀語：介詞短語作定語或作狀語： 5. 定語從句。定語從句。 確保動詞時態(tài)確保動詞時態(tài) 確保主謂一致確保主謂一致 確保點題、扣題，突出中心確保點題、扣題，突出中心 確保字數(shù)不少于要求確保字數(shù)不少于要求 確保標點和大小寫正確。確保標點和大小寫正確。 Answers: (A)(8) (B)-(3) 講話稿，口頭通知 (C)(1) (

7、D)(6) 信件 (E)(5) (F)(7) 日記 (G)-(2) (H)-(4) 稿件 時態(tài) 格式（開頭、結(jié)尾）人稱 語言 講話稿，口頭通知將來時第一，第二信件 過去，現(xiàn)在，將來客氣話第一，第二日記 過去時第一稿件 過去時第一正式客氣話日期天氣 Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, My name is Li Hua. I have the honor of being your guide tomorrow. Now Id like to gi

8、ve you a brief introduction to our tour. I hope you will enjoy your stay on the island. Thank you. Thanks for your listening and I hope you can enjoy your tour tomorrow. April 10th, Sunday Saturday, May 4 2002 Verbs: set out /set off/take part in /leave for/meet/visit/gather/get to/ arrive at/in /ge

9、t back to/return to/decide to/ feel free to/ be happy about doing/take a to/ goby air/ call on sb to do/improve/change/experience/attend/carry out/discuss/organize Conjunctions: before/after/until/after that/since/while/when/then/afterwards/so that Soon after/at the end of/at the beginning of/ Whats

10、 more/furthermore/besides/apart from that/and/or/but/so/not onlybut also/however/otherwise/ like/in the same way/unless/in case/as long as/on one hand, on the other hand/ as a result /thus/therefore/such as/as well as On the way to, by the way, as far as I know Nouns: activity / information/ arrange

11、ment / volunteer /community / program / tour/ Sentences: Well meet at the school gate at 8:00 am and set off by bus. At 8 oclock, we got on a bus and started off. The next day, we set off early in the morning. We were tired but happy. Though it took us some time to help him with his trouble, we were

12、 happy anyway. It has been one of the most unforgettable experiences since high school. Looking at the trees we planted, we were pleased, though tired.WRITING PRACTICEStep1:To watch the pictures from the first one to the last one and get the main idea of the whole story.通看全圖，掌握大意通看全圖，掌握大意 4月月22日是世界地

13、球日，你們學校組織了日是世界地球日，你們學校組織了各種活動紀念這一天。請根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容寫各種活動紀念這一天。請根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容寫一篇一篇日記日記記述你們在這一天的活動。記述你們在這一天的活動。 1. 短文必須包括短文必須包括所有圖畫的內(nèi)容所有圖畫的內(nèi)容，可以適，可以適 當當增加細節(jié)增加細節(jié)，使短文連貫流暢。，使短文連貫流暢。 2. 詞數(shù)詞數(shù)60左右。開頭已為你寫好。左右。開頭已為你寫好。 3. 生詞：生詞： 瀕危的：瀕危的：endangered Opening/beginning：to celebrate the Earth Day, our school organized a variety o

14、f activities.STEP2: CHOOSE THE CORRECT MAIN POINT OR PHRASE FOR EACH PICTURE.根據(jù)每幅圖提示找要點，根據(jù)每幅圖提示找要點，根據(jù)要點根據(jù)要點, 找詞組。找詞組。organized a lot of activities improve our environmentplanted treespicked up rubbishdonate moneysaving forests and endangered animalswe have only one earth.We should protect it. STEP3:

15、 PUT EACH GROUP OF WORDS INTO A SENTENCE. (PAY ATTENTION TO THE CORRECT VERB FORM.) 根據(jù)詞組組句子根據(jù)詞組組句子OUR SCHOOL HAS ORGANIZED A LOT OF ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE OUR ENVIRONMENT. SOME OF US PLANTED TREESSOME PICKED UP RUBBISH IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OR PARKS.MANY FORESTS ARE DISAPPEARING AND LOTS OF WILD ANIMAL

16、S ARE KILLED. WE CALLED PEOPLE TO DONATE MONEY TO HELP SAVING FORESTS AND ENDANGERED ANIMALS. WE WOULD LIKE TO TELL EVERYBODY TO KNOW THAT WE HAVE ONLY ONE EARTH AND WE SHOULD PROTECT IT.STEP4: CHOOSE CORRECT CONNECTIVES TO JOIN THE SENTENCES INTO A PASSAGE使用恰當連詞，連句成文。使用恰當連詞，連句成文。 五、檢查、潤色五、檢查、潤色 確保每

17、個句子有主語、謂語。確保每個句子有主語、謂語。 確保恰當?shù)厥褂么_保恰當?shù)厥褂?1. 并列句并列句 2. 狀語從句狀語從句 3. 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語或作狀語：分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作定語或作狀語： 4. 介詞短語作定語或作狀語：介詞短語作定語或作狀語： 5. 定語從句。定語從句。 確保動詞時態(tài)確保動詞時態(tài) 確保主謂一致確保主謂一致 確保點題、扣題，突出中心確保點題、扣題，突出中心 確保字數(shù)不少于要求確保字數(shù)不少于要求 確保標點和大小寫正確。確保標點和大小寫正確。April 22nd,2005 Sunny April 22nd,2005 SunnyToday is April 22nd, the earth day

18、. Our school has organized a lot of activities to improve our environment. In the morning some of us planted trees. Some picked up rubbish in the neighborhood or parks. As most of us know that many forests are disappearing and lots of wild animals are killed. We called people to donate money to help

19、 saving forests and endangered animals. By doing all these we would like to tell everybody to know that we have only one earth and we should protect it.下列四幅圖描述了李華一家某一天的經(jīng)歷。請根據(jù)畫面及圖中的下列四幅圖描述了李華一家某一天的經(jīng)歷。請根據(jù)畫面及圖中的有關(guān)提示，用第三人稱的口吻寫一篇有關(guān)提示，用第三人稱的口吻寫一篇60字左右的短文。字左右的短文。注意：可以適當增加細節(jié)，并展開合理的想象，使故事完整連貫。注意：可以適當增加細節(jié)，并展開合理的想象，使故事完整連貫。