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廣東省連州市高三英語(yǔ)分類復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法 代詞課件

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1、代代 詞詞代詞在連續(xù)兩年的廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空中代詞在連續(xù)兩年的廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空中都有兩個(gè)小題,占語(yǔ)法填空的五分之一。都有兩個(gè)小題,占語(yǔ)法填空的五分之一??梢?jiàn),代詞在所有語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目中占分的比可見(jiàn),代詞在所有語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目中占分的比例最大,是語(yǔ)法填空的重要內(nèi)容。主要例最大,是語(yǔ)法填空的重要內(nèi)容。主要考點(diǎn)有:考點(diǎn)有:考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1:人稱代詞:人稱代詞人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語(yǔ),賓格在人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語(yǔ),賓格在句中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。句中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2:物主代詞:物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞只能在名詞前作定語(yǔ),名詞形容詞性物主代詞只能在名詞前作定語(yǔ),名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性

2、物主代詞名形容詞性物主代詞名詞詞”,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或與,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或與of連用連用作后置定語(yǔ),但不能作定語(yǔ)。如:作后置定語(yǔ),但不能作定語(yǔ)。如:考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3:反身代詞:反身代詞反身代詞在句中可以作反身代詞在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等動(dòng)詞和等動(dòng)詞和by, for, to等介詞的賓語(yǔ),還等介詞的賓語(yǔ),還可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),可譯作可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),可譯作“親自,親自,本人本人”,但不能作主語(yǔ)。,但不能作主語(yǔ)??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4:指示代詞:指示代詞指示詞有指示詞有this, that, these, those, such

3、等。注意等。注意以下以下4點(diǎn):點(diǎn):(1) this, these是時(shí)間或空間上的是時(shí)間或空間上的“近指近指”,可,可與與here連用;連用;that, those是時(shí)間或空間上的是時(shí)間或空間上的“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)指指”,可與,可與there連用。連用。(2) 指上文提到的事一般用指上文提到的事一般用that,有時(shí)也用,有時(shí)也用this,指下文的事只能用指下文的事只能用this。(3) 打電話時(shí),用打電話時(shí),用this來(lái)介紹自己,用來(lái)介紹自己,用that來(lái)問(wèn)來(lái)問(wèn)對(duì)方,不用對(duì)方,不用I或或you。(4) this和和that還可表示程度,意為還可表示程度,意為“如此,那如此,那么么”,相當(dāng)于,相當(dāng)于so,作狀

4、語(yǔ)。,作狀語(yǔ)??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5:疑問(wèn)代詞:疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞有疑問(wèn)代詞有what, which, who, whom, whose等。等。用法要點(diǎn)如下:用法要點(diǎn)如下:(1)what除可用來(lái)詢問(wèn)人的身份外,一般指物;除可用來(lái)詢問(wèn)人的身份外,一般指物;which可指人也可指物;可指人也可指物;who, whom, whose一般一般指人。指人。(2)有一定范圍時(shí),用有一定范圍時(shí),用which,意為,意為“(其中的其中的)哪一個(gè)哪一個(gè)”,可接表范圍的,可接表范圍的of短語(yǔ);沒(méi)有一定的短語(yǔ);沒(méi)有一定的范圍時(shí),用范圍時(shí),用what,意為,意為“什么什么”,不能接,不能接of短短語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)6:表示兩者或多者

5、的不定代詞:表示兩者或多者的不定代詞都都 都不都不(一個(gè)也不一個(gè)也不) 任一任一兩者兩者 both neither either多者多者 all none any 注意:注意:(1)表示完全否定可以說(shuō)表示完全否定可以說(shuō)noteither/any,但沒(méi)有但沒(méi)有either/anynot的說(shuō)法。的說(shuō)法。(2)both/all與與not連用是部分否定,意為連用是部分否定,意為“并非并非都都”。(3)none既可指人也可指物,可與既可指人也可指物,可與of短語(yǔ)連用;而短語(yǔ)連用;而no one (=nobody)只能指人,也不能與只能指人,也不能與of短語(yǔ)連用。短語(yǔ)連用??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)7:表示:表示“另外的另

6、外的”不定代詞不定代詞單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 泛指泛指 another others 特指特指 the other the others 說(shuō)明說(shuō)明 還可作定語(yǔ)還可作定語(yǔ) 不能作定語(yǔ)不能作定語(yǔ) 說(shuō)明:說(shuō)明:表示表示“別的,另外的別的,另外的”還有:還有:(1)用于疑問(wèn)詞或復(fù)合不定代詞后面用于疑問(wèn)詞或復(fù)合不定代詞后面的的else,其所有格形式是,其所有格形式是elses。(2)既能指可數(shù)名詞也可指不可數(shù)名既能指可數(shù)名詞也可指不可數(shù)名詞的詞的the rest(其余的其余的)。但上表中的代。但上表中的代詞只能代替可數(shù)名詞。詞只能代替可數(shù)名詞??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)8:表示:表示“每一每一”的的each和和every(1

7、)each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別,而強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別,而every則用來(lái)概括則用來(lái)概括全體,與全體,與all相當(dāng)。因此,與相當(dāng)。因此,與almost, nearly, without exception等連用時(shí),可用等連用時(shí),可用every, 不能用不能用each。(2)each可指兩者,而可指兩者,而every則不能。則不能。(3)each還可用作代詞,而還可用作代詞,而every只能用只能用作形容詞,且只能作定語(yǔ)。作形容詞,且只能作定語(yǔ)。(4)every可表示可表示“每每(隔隔)”,但,但each不能不能考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)9:表示:表示“一些一些”的的some和和any(1)any一般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件一般用于疑問(wèn)

8、句、否定句或條件句中,或用于句中,或用于never, hardly, without, if/whether等詞之后。等詞之后。(2)some用于肯定句中,或用于建議、請(qǐng)用于肯定句中,或用于建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中,或用于希望對(duì)方作求、邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中,或用于希望對(duì)方作肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中,也用于表示反問(wèn)的肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中,也用于表示反問(wèn)的否定疑句中。如:否定疑句中。如:Would you like some more bananas?你再你再吃點(diǎn)香蕉嗎?吃點(diǎn)香蕉嗎?考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)10:復(fù)合不定代詞:復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞是指由復(fù)合不定代詞是指由every-, some-, any-, no- 與

9、與-thing, -one, -body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。注意以下幾個(gè)等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:?jiǎn)栴}:(1)復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。(2)含含-thing的,用的,用it代替;含代替;含-body, -one的,一般的,一般用用they代替,在正式文體中可用代替,在正式文體中可用he。(3)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要位于后面。如:修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要位于后面。如:something important重要的事。重要的事。(4)something, somebody/someone, anything還可作還可作名詞,意為名詞,

10、意為“重要的事情重要的事情(或人物或人物)”。如:。如:His wife is now somebody in television.他的妻子現(xiàn)在是電視界的他的妻子現(xiàn)在是電視界的大人物了。大人物了??键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)11:替代詞他:替代詞他it, that, those, one(1)it和和that都替代都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可可數(shù)或不可數(shù)數(shù))”,都是特指,但,都是特指,但it指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事事物,而物,而that是指前面提到的是指前面提到的“同類同類”事物。事物。(2)只能替代可數(shù)名詞的只能替代可數(shù)名詞的one和和those。單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 泛指泛指 o

11、ne (a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) ones (復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞) 特指特指 the one=that (the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) the ones=those(the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞) 注:注:口語(yǔ)中,特別是當(dāng)后面有口語(yǔ)中,特別是當(dāng)后面有of短語(yǔ)時(shí),多短語(yǔ)時(shí),多用用that或或those;當(dāng)有前置修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用;當(dāng)有前置修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用one(s)。We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我們給可能來(lái)晚的人留了座位。我們給可能來(lái)晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代替代the persons)The popul

12、ation of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 蘇格蘭的人口是康沃蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。爾人口的八倍。(that替代不可數(shù)名詞替代不可數(shù)名詞the population,不能用,不能用the one)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)12:it的用法的用法(1)替代前面提到的同一事物。替代前面提到的同一事物。(2)替代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。如:替代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。如:When the factory closes, it will mean 500 workers will be out of work. 工廠一旦關(guān)閉工廠一旦關(guān)閉,

13、 那就意味著要有那就意味著要有500工人失業(yè)。工人失業(yè)。(3)指動(dòng)物、嬰兒,或在情景中確認(rèn)的某人。指動(dòng)物、嬰兒,或在情景中確認(rèn)的某人。(4)指時(shí)間、距離、氣候、環(huán)境等。指時(shí)間、距離、氣候、環(huán)境等。(5)作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。如:作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。如:(6)用于用于it isthat強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),若句子缺少主語(yǔ),或者分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),若句子缺少主語(yǔ),或者及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后缺賓語(yǔ),就可能是填代及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后缺賓語(yǔ),就可能是填代詞。然后再根據(jù)各個(gè)代詞的意義與用法的詞。然后再根據(jù)各個(gè)代詞的意義與用法的不同,選出符合語(yǔ)境的某一個(gè)代詞填空。不同,選出符合語(yǔ)境的某一個(gè)代詞填空。有的不

14、定代詞,如有的不定代詞,如another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each等還可以在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。若名詞前等還可以在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。若名詞前缺少定語(yǔ)時(shí),根據(jù)意義和用法,以及主謂缺少定語(yǔ)時(shí),根據(jù)意義和用法,以及主謂一致等,填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)拇~。一致等,填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)拇~。例例1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_. But she refused. (廣東廣東)思路分析:因思路分析:因(that) I had caus

15、ed是定語(yǔ)從句,是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是先行詞是trouble, 代表先行詞代表先行詞trouble的關(guān)系代的關(guān)系代詞詞that在從句中作賓語(yǔ),被省略了;由搭配在從句中作賓語(yǔ),被省略了;由搭配cause sb. trouble (給某人造成麻煩給某人造成麻煩) 可知,填可知,填her作擦作擦caused的賓語(yǔ)。的賓語(yǔ)。例例2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day, he ca

16、me up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (廣東廣東)思路分析:因思路分析:因crop是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,前面必定是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,前面必定是填限定詞;由下文是填限定詞;由下文pluck up all of his crop a few inches可知,這個(gè)急性子人是急于希望可知,這個(gè)急性子人是急于希望“他他的的”禾苗長(zhǎng)得快。故填形容詞性物主代詞禾苗長(zhǎng)得快。故填形容詞性物主代詞his。例例3Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than

17、they knew it_. (全國(guó)全國(guó))思路分析:能與思路分析:能與they相呼應(yīng),并作相呼應(yīng),并作they的的同位語(yǔ)的,填反身代詞同位語(yǔ)的,填反身代詞themselves??键c(diǎn)擊破考點(diǎn)擊破一、單句填空:用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空或者根據(jù)一、單句填空:用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空或者根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空。漢語(yǔ)提示填空。1. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute. (重慶重慶)2. To save class time, our teacher has _ studen

18、ts do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. (湖湖南南)3. My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. (重慶重慶)they us me 4. The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again. (全國(guó)全國(guó)). Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _. (全國(guó)全國(guó)

19、). Is her hair shorter than _(我我的的)?(全國(guó)全國(guó)). Our neighbours gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. (湖南湖南)8. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? (江西江西) her histheirs mine itself itself 9. My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of wha

20、t she is to do in the day. (上海上海)10. Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (全國(guó)全國(guó)) 11.The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (全國(guó)全國(guó)) 12. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy.

21、 (全國(guó)全國(guó))herself themselves who which 13. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. (北京北京) 14.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _. (天津天津) 15. I had to buy _these books because I didnt know whic

22、h one was the best. (上海上海)16. We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _. (浙江浙江)neither both all any 17. It is easy to do the repair. _you need is a hammer and some nails. (天津天津)18. Id been expecting _letters the whole morning, but there werent _for me. (全全國(guó)國(guó))19. These plan

23、ts are watered _ other day. (全國(guó)全國(guó))20. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. (全國(guó)全國(guó))All some any every that 21. My most famous relative of all, the _ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. (江蘇江蘇)22. We had a pic

24、nic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _one this month. (天津天津) 23. Both sides have accused the _ of breaking the contract. (上海上海)24. Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _like to go to the cinema. (全國(guó)全國(guó))one another other others 25. Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we

25、ve decided to stay for_ two weeks.(上海上海)26. First, it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone _.(湖北湖北)27. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave. (山東山東)28. The book is of great value. _ can be en

26、joyed unless you digest it. (福建福建)another else everything Nothing 29. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _ left in the house. (重慶重慶)30. We havent enough books for _; some of you will have to share. (全國(guó)全國(guó))31. I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _ else, it wa

27、s hard to make out. (上海上海)32. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江) anything everybody anyone It 33. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. (湖南湖南)34. Id appreciat

28、e _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山東山東)35. I just wonder what _is that makes him so excited. (山東山東)36. He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk. (陜西陜西) it it it much 37. The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend.

29、 (安徽安徽)38. He has made a lot of films, but _ good ones. (北京北京)39. Although hes wealthy, he spends _on clothes. (全國(guó)全國(guó))more few little 二、語(yǔ)篇模擬:用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空。二、語(yǔ)篇模擬:用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空。 One day, as Zeng Zis wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to go with 1_. “Stay home,” the mother said to him. “When2_re

30、turn, well kill a pig for 3_ dinner!“ When she came back, 4_ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal. She hurried over to stop 5_: “What are you doing? Youre not really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him!”herIyourshe him “How can 6_ lie to children?” Zeng Zi replied. “7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents. If 10_ deceive your child with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig.weTheyevery theiryou

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