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1、Chapter 7 language從句從句: 具有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)具有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu),但不能獨但不能獨立使用立使用.它只從屬與主從復(fù)合句它只從屬與主從復(fù)合句,在主從復(fù)在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)什么成分就稱之為什么從句合句中充當(dāng)什么成分就稱之為什么從句.賓語從句賓語從句：主從復(fù)合句的一種。：主從復(fù)合句的一種。賓語從賓語從句通常是一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)緊跟在及物動詞句通常是一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)緊跟在及物動詞后后,充當(dāng)賓語。充當(dāng)賓語。賓語從句賓語從句 I still remember his face. I still remember what he looks like. I know this place well.

2、I know that this place is famous for its pleasant weather.1.1.如果從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用如果從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用thatthat（thatthat在口語或非正式文體中常省略在口語或非正式文體中常省略）；）；2.2.如果從句是一般疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞如果從句是一般疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用用if/whetherif/whether；3.3.如果從句是特殊疑問句內(nèi)容，如果從句是特殊疑問句內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)詞用由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來的疑問代引導(dǎo)詞用由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來的疑問代詞詞/ /副詞副詞(who,whom, which, whose, (who,whom, whi

3、ch, whose, what, how, when, where, why) what, how, when, where, why) 注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略1.I hear (that)_. （一小時后他會回來）一小時后他會回來）2.He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們他非常想念我們） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much表語形容詞后常接表語形容詞后常接that引導(dǎo)的從句引導(dǎo)的從句afraid glad sad sorry angry certain proud

4、sure excited unhappy pleased surprised frightened1.I am afraid (that) I cant attend your party.2.Lucy was happy (that) she had passed the exam.3.We are sure (that) well win the game.4.He is surprised (that) he is invited to the ball.1.I want to know （他是否跟我們一起去公園）2. Ask him （他是否能來） if (whether) he wi

5、ll go to the park with us . whether (if) he can come.if / whether if / whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(1)(1)當(dāng)句末為當(dāng)句末為or notor not時，時，(2)(2)當(dāng)與不定式連當(dāng)與不定式連用時，用時，(3)當(dāng)與介詞連用時，當(dāng)與介詞連用時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用引導(dǎo)詞只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.They asked me whether to sit beside me.Im th

6、inking of whether we should go fishing. 1.He asked （誰能回答這個問題）（誰能回答這個問題）2.Do you know （他們在等誰）（他們在等誰）3. He asked （誰的書法是班上最好的）（誰的書法是班上最好的）who could answer the questionwhom theyre waiting for.whose handwriting is the best in the class.由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句4. Do you know （哪本書更好?）5. Please tell me （我們什么時

7、候開會）6. Can you tell me （他在哪兒）7. Could you tell me （我該怎么去車站）（我該怎么去車站）which book is better?when well have the meeting?where he is?how I can go to the station? 陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句

8、變?yōu)橘e語從句，語一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：Does he work hard？I wonder. I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.注注 意意語序語序 時態(tài)時態(tài)如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定。如：際情況而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài)，那么從句的時

9、態(tài)如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài)，那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時態(tài)。如：一定要用過去的某種時態(tài)。如：He said（that) he had been there .注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)象等時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都要用一般從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時。如現(xiàn)在時。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.注注 意意賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移 當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, imagine

10、 時，并且它的主語是第一人稱時，如果時，并且它的主語是第一人稱時，如果從句的謂語動詞表示否定意思，通常我們要將否從句的謂語動詞表示否定意思，通常我們要將否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語動詞上，即通過否定主句定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語動詞上，即通過否定主句的謂語動詞來否定從句的謂語動詞。這中語法現(xiàn)的謂語動詞來否定從句的謂語動詞。這中語法現(xiàn)象就是賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。象就是賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。I dont believe she will tell you about it.We dont think he is right.We dont believe that he did the job himself.賓

11、語從句反意問句及應(yīng)該的注意問題賓語從句反意問句及應(yīng)該的注意問題通常反意問句部分的構(gòu)成通常反意問句部分的構(gòu)成,常和主句的主謂常和主句的主謂 保持一致保持一致:We all know that they come from America, dont we?He thinks that we missed the train , doesnt he ?但是當(dāng)主句部分的主謂是但是當(dāng)主句部分的主謂是: “I think, I dont believe”時時, 這時的反意問句部分這時的反意問句部分,則要和從句的主謂保持一致則要和從句的主謂保持一致:I dont guess that their team

12、 will win, will it?I dont think she is from Canada, is she?注意：注意：if既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。因此，遇到它們就要認(rèn)真分析一下，它們究句。因此，遇到它們就要認(rèn)真分析一下，它們究竟屬于竟屬于“兩副面孔兩副面孔”的哪一副。如的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow，I wont come.（狀語從句）（狀語從句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （賓語從句）（賓語從句）一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句一、將下面的句子連接成為含

13、有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。的復(fù)合句。1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.thatwerethattravels3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _

14、 _ a meeting in five days.4Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.ifwouldbeiftheycouldspeakwhetherareplaying6.How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the pict

15、ure?7Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?8What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.howmanypeople youcanseewhere she parkedwhathetalked二、選擇填空1. What did Mike say? He said _.A.if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC

16、. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Tom asked my friend _.A.where was he from B. Why did I came lateC. when did he come back D. not to be so angryDD 3. Let me tell you _.A.how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the

17、car4. Peter knew _.A. if he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for ParisDB 5.Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in6. I cant understan

18、d _the boy alone.A.why she left B. why did she leaveC. why she had left D. why had she leftBA7.-Where do you think _ he _the TV set? - Sorry, Ive no idea.A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought8.-The manager came up to see _.-Yeah, There are so many people there.A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matterAA