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1、閱讀與理解(7)推理判斷題(綜合性推理判斷)語言學(xué)習(xí)人們?cè)谏鐣?huì)上生活離不開語言，語言是人們交流的最主要的工具之一，語言學(xué)習(xí)是新課標(biāo)教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容，也是高考的重點(diǎn)話題之一，如2013陜西卷閱讀理解D篇。美文賞析Language is a way of enjoying a culture.All languages have unusual features special to the culture and by learning them you can enjoy the culture better because of your knowledge of the language.A

2、 person can know a language technically and perfectly，but he or she would need to be able to speak like a native to truly enjoy the culture.Language is an important part at the mealtimeone only has to think of the word“cheers”to understand this.The word does not really mean anything as suchit has lo

3、st its original meaning of wishing one good luck，and is now simply a common phrase to help the celebration.And although there are some phrases in most languages that are often not literal translations，the word itself is important，which helps a visitor to enjoy the culture rather than to watch from t

4、he outside.In many languages，the names of foods are also interesting to translate literally.And visitors should know these dish names and why they are called such，because if they do not and try to translate them literally，they may end up very confused indeed.For example，the Turkish dish Imam Bayildi

5、 literally means the priest(牧師)fainted(暈倒)One idea to the origin of the name says the priest fainted upon tasting the food，and another is upon seeing the price of the olive oil that had been used.But one thing is for surea foreigner would need to know what the dish was as well as its literal transla

6、tion.Involving yourself in the culture and the language will help you enjoy the culture of the place you are visiting.Language is such a good means of communication that it can deliver all kinds of ideas, which are impossible to understand without a shared language.【解題導(dǎo)語】通過分析與論證，本文向讀者闡述了語言學(xué)習(xí)和文化欣賞的重要

7、關(guān)系，并通過一些例子論證了自己的觀點(diǎn)：語言是欣賞文化的重要途徑。一、閱讀與積累1攻克疑難詞匯feature n特征literal adj.字面的as well as也；又；和involve oneself in 積極參與The US has so far been extremely unwilling to involve itself in the civil war of Syria.直到現(xiàn)在美國(guó)仍然極不愿意卷入敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中。2攻克疑難句One idea to the origin of the name says the priest fainted upon tasting the

8、food，and another is upon seeing the price of the olive oil that had been used.結(jié)構(gòu)分析本句是并列復(fù)合句。句中says后為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句；another相當(dāng)于another idea to the origin of the name，與one idea.相對(duì)應(yīng)，引出另一種說法；upon seeing the price.前省略了與上文相同的the priest fainted；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞olive oil。嘗試翻譯關(guān)于這個(gè)名字的來源，一種說法是牧師品嘗了這種食物后暈了過去，另一種

9、說法是牧師看到這種食物所使用的橄欖油的價(jià)錢后暈了過去。二、理解與嘗試命題1理解文章主旨The passage mainly tells us the_relationship_between _language_learning_and_enjoying_culture.2閱讀理解嘗試命題請(qǐng)你根據(jù)閱讀理解推理判斷題的特點(diǎn)，給下列試題寫出干擾項(xiàng)，然后叫你同桌試做一下。We can infer from the passage that_.Alanguage is very important for understanding a cultureB_C_D_參考答案Blanguage and c

10、ulture are two different and separated partsCknowing languages technically and perfectly is enough for culture enjoyingDphrases nonliterally translated are not helpful for enjoying the culture3解題技巧點(diǎn)撥閱讀理解推理判斷題解題技法之二：綜合性推理判斷題綜合性推理判斷題通常圍繞文章的若干個(gè)段落或整個(gè)文章提出，如果單純只看文章中的某一個(gè)句子或段落都很難得出全面而準(zhǔn)確的答案，因此要綜合考慮。在所給的選項(xiàng)中，有

11、的是閱讀材料中的細(xì)節(jié)，并非推理；而有的推理，雖然在文章中可以找到依據(jù)，但只是從某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或段落得出的內(nèi)容，而不能概括整篇的內(nèi)容要求，因此解答這類題目時(shí)一定要把所有的信息都綜合起來考慮，與整篇文章相吻合，而不只是與一個(gè)點(diǎn)相吻合。真 題 典 例(2012全國(guó)卷)At one point along an open road，I came to a crossing with a traffic light.I was alone on the road by now，but as I drove near the light，it turned red and I made a stop.I loo

12、ked left，right and behind me.Nothing.Not a car，no suggestion of car lamps，but there I sat，waiting for the light to change，the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.I started wondering why I refused to run the light.I was not afraid of being caught，because there was clearly no policem

13、an around，and there certainly would have been no danger in going thorough it.I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night.Why was the author proud of himself?AHe kept his promise.BHe held back his anger.CHe followed his inclination.DHe made a right decision.答案D由第二、三段作者在無人的十字路口的左顧右盼及后來的所思所想，再結(jié)合最后一段可知，作者在無人的十字路口遵守了交通規(guī)則，沒有闖紅燈，這個(gè)決定是正確的，因此，作者為此深感自豪。