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1、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)PRESENT PERFECT現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語等狀語連用。連用。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與常與for或或since引起的一段時間狀語連用。引起的一段時間狀語連用。動詞構(gòu)成：動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞過去分詞have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓現(xiàn)在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved he

2、rein 2004I still live hereI have lived here for 8 years.I have lived here since 2004/8 years ago. nowpastHe is full .He has had a big breakfast.1.過去某一時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。過去某一時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。功能：功能：2.過去某一時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)過去某一時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動作持續(xù) 到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。助動詞助動詞否定否定haventhasnt疑問疑問Have you?Has he? What are the

3、key words for the Present Perfect Tense?A: _ your brother _ his homework yet? (finish)B: Yes, he s already done it.Has finished yet already 注意：注意：already 用于肯定句，用于肯定句， yet 用于疑問句和否定句中用于疑問句和否定句中A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be )B: No, never. Have been yet already ever never 注意：注意： ever 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng) 用于疑問句中用于疑問

4、句中 never 從不從不 帶有否定意義帶有否定意義I _ just _ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend )have mended yet ever never just already Just 剛剛剛剛 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用與現(xiàn)在完成時連用 一般置句中一般置句中Just now 剛才剛才 與一般過去時連用與一般過去時連用Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work )has worked yet ever never since already

5、 since 后面帶后面帶過去時間過去時間或或有一般過去時有一般過去時的句子的句子A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach )B: For 6 years. have taught yet ever never since for already + 一段時間一段時間since: (自自以來以來)1)since+時間點(diǎn)時間點(diǎn)He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 時間段時間段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 從句從句She has tau

6、ght English since he came here. for: (長達(dá)）長達(dá)）for+ 時間段時間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 用for 或since填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2. Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4. My friends havent visited me _ my b

7、irthday. 5. We havent used our car _ a long time . 6. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. forsinceforsinceforforsinceWe _ only _ 100 trees so far. (answer ) have planted yet ever never since for just already so far 到目前為止到目前為止 yet ever never since

8、 for just before already so far in the past 10 years twice 也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞how longhave(has)been和和 have(has)gone 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別Where has he been?Where has he gone?have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過某地，表示曾經(jīng)到過某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去過某地了，表示已經(jīng)去過某地了，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。已經(jīng)在某地了。翻譯：翻譯：他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來了

9、）他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來了）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）練：練：She has been to Shanghai.She has gone to Shanghai.實(shí)義動詞分為: 1) 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)動作強(qiáng)調(diào)動作) 2)延續(xù)動詞延續(xù)動詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))瞬間動詞瞬間動詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬間動詞不能和瞬間動詞不能和時間段時間段連用連用. PAY ATTENTION 注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

10、表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過去時間不能是具體過去時間 ( 1).for+表示表示一段一段時間的短語時間的短語 ( 2).since+表示表示過去時間點(diǎn)過去時間點(diǎn)的詞語的詞語 ( 3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語表示過去時間的時間狀語從句從句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince B.just,already,yet,before/

11、 ever,never 有此類副詞時有此類副詞時,常強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成常強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù). eg.Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet2.區(qū)分區(qū)分短暫性動詞短暫性動詞與與持續(xù)性動詞持續(xù)性動詞. 表示短暫性表示短暫性(瞬間性瞬間性)的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中不能不能和和一段時間一段時間連用連用.短暫性的動詞如：短暫性

12、的動詞如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成時態(tài)中不能與等，在完成時態(tài)中不能與for,since短語或短語或How long等引起的時間狀語連用。等引起的時間狀語連用。I have bought this pen for two months.I have had this pen for two months.How long have you _ this pen.hadThe teacher has left.The teacher has been away for half an hour .(be away)method 1: 動作動作狀態(tài)狀態(tài)die be ov

13、er leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be deadShe has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadHow long have you come to the United States？ been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadAnn has gone to China since three mont

14、hs ago.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been inMy brother has joined the army for five years. been inbeen a soldier come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier I have left Shanghai for 3 days.

15、 been away for 3 days. come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago . kept come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/h

16、as been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept The film has begun for 10 minutes. been on come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borro

17、w have/has kept begin have/has been on The concert has finished for half an hour. been over come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/h

18、as been over His dog has died for two years . been dead come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over die have/has been dead

19、只用于第三人稱只用于第三人稱 nowpastfuture一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對現(xiàn)在造成的影響 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較 I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） have known knew saw have lost have did move lived did has finished see saw