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1、構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞had + 動(dòng)詞的過去分動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（詞（V.pp)用法：用法：強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一動(dòng)作之前。強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一動(dòng)作之前。強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào) “過去的過去過去的過去” 他說他以前見過你。他說他以前見過你。He said that he _ (see) you before.had seen1. 用于賓語從句中，表示在說話前已完成?？珊陀糜谫e語從句中，表示在說話前已完成?？珊蚢lready,never,ever,yet等連用。等連用。Eg: 1.他告訴我說他們隊(duì)已經(jīng)贏了。他告訴我說他們隊(duì)已經(jīng)贏了。He told me that his team _ already

2、_ (win).hadwon2. 她說她仍沒去過長城。她說她仍沒去過長城。She said that she _(not go to) the Great Wall yet.hadnt been to過去分詞的構(gòu)成：1. 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：a) 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后面加 ed work - worked play - playedb) 以 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加 d use - used refuse - refusedc) 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 y 改 i 再加 edstudy - studiedcarry - carriedd) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，前面有單個(gè)元音字母時(shí)，雙寫輔音字母

3、，再加 edstop - stoppeddrop - dropped2. 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化見課本 18-19頁過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由助動(dòng)詞：由助動(dòng)詞had + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（V.pp)2.還可與還可與when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引導(dǎo)等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語的從句時(shí)間狀語的從句連用，連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間前后。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間前后。eg：1. 她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。When she got home her children _(sleep).had slept2. 在他們到達(dá)之前電

4、影已經(jīng)開始了。在他們到達(dá)之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。Before they arrived here the film _ already _ (start).hadstartedLast night, as soon as I _(finish) my work I went to sleep.3. 我完成作業(yè)了就去睡覺了。我完成作業(yè)了就去睡覺了。had finished3. 表過去的過去已開始，這一動(dòng)作表過去的過去已開始，這一動(dòng)作一直一直持續(xù)持續(xù)或還將持續(xù)下去。或還將持續(xù)下去。By six oclock they _ (work)for eight hours. When I came to GZ

5、 , he _(be) there for a long time.1. 到了六點(diǎn)鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小時(shí)了。到了六點(diǎn)鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小時(shí)了。2. 我到廣州時(shí)，他在那里很長時(shí)間了。我到廣州時(shí)，他在那里很長時(shí)間了。had workedhad been3.到上個(gè)月底我們在北京住了有五年時(shí)間了。到上個(gè)月底我們在北京住了有五年時(shí)間了。By the end of last month we _(live) in Beijing for five years.had lived1. 到昨晚上，他已寫完那封信。到昨晚上，他已寫完那封信。By yesterday evening he _ (wri

6、te) that letter.3. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí)，他已做完了作業(yè)。當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí)，他已做完了作業(yè)。When I came in he _(finish) his homework.過去完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)與 by then(截止到那時(shí)截止到那時(shí)); by 9 oclock(直到直到九點(diǎn)鐘九點(diǎn)鐘) by the end of (在在結(jié)束結(jié)束/末之前末之前); by the time(在在時(shí)之前時(shí)之前); up till then (直到那時(shí)直到那時(shí)); up until last night(直到昨晚）等連用，表示過去的過直到昨晚）等連用，表示過去的過去。去。had writtenhad finish

7、ed時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1. After he _ (finish) his work he went out.had finished2. The children ran away after they _ (break) the window.had broken3. I went to Toms house but he _ (go) out.had gone4. Annie told me that his father _ ( go ) to Paris and he _ ( come ) back in a few days.had gonewould come5. My friend _ (buy) the car two years ago. He _ (buy) it for two years.boughthas had