《山東省高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)提升名詞性從句課件 外研版》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《山東省高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)提升名詞性從句課件 外研版(29頁珍藏版)》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、名詞性從句 1What 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí),意為“什么”,在從句中作主語、賓語和表語。 (2008山東卷)What was most important to her,she told me,was her family.她告訴我,對她來說最重要的是她的家庭。 China is no longer what she used to be. 中國再也不是從前的中國了。 A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的城市已經(jīng)在10年前還是一塊廢地的地方建造起來了。 2that不充當(dāng)任何句子成分,只起
2、連接作用,無任何意義;引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí),常用it作形式主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù);引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),常被省略。 That she will succeed is certain.It is certain that she will succeed.她一定會成功。 (2009天津卷)It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. 他們應(yīng)該為將來作好準(zhǔn)備,這一點(diǎn)學(xué)生們相當(dāng)清楚。1.(2010陜西卷)It never occurred to me_you could succeed in p
3、ersuading him to change his mind.AwhichBwhatCthat Dif解析:句意為:我真的沒有想到你能說服他改變主意。本題考查主語從句。句子真正的主語是后邊的從句,It 是形式主語。該從句不缺任何成分,故用that 引導(dǎo)。答案:C2(2010浙江卷)It is uncertain_side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.Athat BwhatChow Dwhether解析:句意為:盡管說已經(jīng)有兩千名病人服用了這種藥
4、品,但是,這種藥品會帶來什么副作用還不明確。本題考查名詞性從句。本題設(shè)空處須引導(dǎo)主語從句,that 無實(shí)際意義,在從句中不作成分;what 什么,在從句中可作主語、賓語和表語,還可修飾名詞作定語;how 如何,多么;在從句中作方式狀語或修飾形容詞;whether 是否,在從句中作狀語,不修飾名詞。side effect 為名詞短語,故須用what 修飾。答案:B3(2010青島市第二次模擬)The expert insisted that silkworms were first raised by a woman in _is now Hebei Province.AWhichBthatCw
5、here Dwhat解析:what 引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)介詞in的賓語,同時(shí)充當(dāng)從句的主語,相當(dāng)于a place that。若選which,則定語從句無先行詞;若選where,則從句無主語。答案:D 1同位語從句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt等名詞的后面,是對前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步的解釋,說明前面名詞的具體含義。 The hope that he may recover is not gone yet. 他恢復(fù)的希望還沒有破滅。 The problem whether we should cont
6、inue to do the experiment has been solved.(if 不能代替whether 來引導(dǎo)同位語從句) 是否我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗(yàn)的問題已經(jīng)解決了。 I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他將何時(shí)回來。 2同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別: 同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋、說明,引導(dǎo)詞只起引導(dǎo)作用,不在句中作任何成分,一般不可省略。定語從句是對前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾、限制,引導(dǎo)詞在句中作一定的句子成分。 The news that_they_had_won_the_game soon spread over the w
7、hole school.他們贏得比賽的消息很快就傳遍了整個(gè)學(xué)校。(此句為同位語從句,進(jìn)一步解釋“the news”的內(nèi)容) The news you_told_me_yesterday was really disappointing. 你昨天告訴我的消息真的很令人失望。(此句是定語從句,它指的是“你昨天告訴我的那個(gè)消息”)1.(2010煙臺四校聯(lián)考)Word came from Chile_at least 300 people were killed in the 8.8magnitude earthquake.Awhich BwhenCthat Dwhere解析:考查名詞性從句。句意為:
8、來自智利的消息,在這次8.8級地震中,至少300人喪生。that 引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句,作word“消息”的同位語,對其內(nèi)容加以具體說明。由于本句的謂語比較短,為避免頭重腳輕,將同位語從句放在了主句后面。答案:C2(2010長沙二模)The question has been raised at the meeting _each member country should equally share the expense of the committee.Athat BwhetherCif Dwhat解析:考查同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。描述名詞question (問題)的內(nèi)容,引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語從句,
9、排除if,由question 的含義排除A,從句中不缺少成分,故排除D。只有whether 是否,符合語境。答案:B3(2009江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.Awhat BwhichCthat Dthough解析:本題考查同位語從句。句意為:近年來全球氣候不斷變暖,這一事實(shí)使得很多科學(xué)家感到擔(dān)憂。該題同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,故選連詞that。答案:C “疑問詞ever”與“no matter疑問詞”雖然都有“無論”的意思,但是用法有區(qū)別:“疑
10、問詞ever”既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句,而“no matter 疑問詞”只能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。 The poor young man is ready to accept whatever help he can get. 這位可憐的年輕人無論什么樣的幫助都樂意接受。 (2009陜西卷)The howto book can be of help to whoever wants to do the job.指南類的書對想從事這項(xiàng)工作的人會有幫助。 Whatever/No matter what you say,I will not believe you. 無論你說什么,我不會相信
11、你。1.(2011濰坊第一次模擬)What troubles her is that she cant buy_she wants with the money she earns.Awhatever BwhicheverChowever Dwhenever解析:考查名詞性從句。句意為:困擾她的是她不能用她掙的錢買任何她想要的東西。whatever 在賓語從句中作want 的賓語。答案:A2(2011浙江卷)How about camping this weekend,just for a change?OK,_you want.AwhicheverBhoweverCwhatever Dwho
12、ever解析:句意為:這個(gè)周末我們改變一下,去野營怎么樣?好的,你想做什么都可以。whichever 無論哪一個(gè);however 無論怎么樣;whatever 無論什么;whoever 無論誰,指人。want 為及物動詞,缺少賓語,whatever 一般在從句中作主語、賓語、定語或表語,故為答案。答案:C3(2010重慶卷)To improve the quality of our products,we asked for suggestions_had used the products.Awhoever BwhoCwhichever Dwhich解析:句意為:為提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,我們向用過
13、此產(chǎn)品的人征求建議??疾槊~性從句。這里whoever(anyone who)引導(dǎo)賓語從句,而且在從句中作主語。who引導(dǎo)賓語從句,意為“誰”,故被排除;whichever 表選擇;which 指“哪一個(gè)”。答案:A1(2010湖南卷)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew_she was so angry.Awhere BwhetherCthat Dwhy解析:句意為:Cindy 重重地關(guān)上門,放聲大哭。辦公室里沒人知道她為什么如此生氣。本題考查賓語從句。根據(jù)句意可知用why引導(dǎo)賓語
14、從句表示原因,故答案為D項(xiàng)。答案:D2(2010山東卷)Before the sales start,I make a list of_my kids will need for the coming season.Awhy Bwhat Chow Dwhich解析:句意為:在購物之前,我先列一張孩子們在下個(gè)季節(jié)所需要的東西的清單??疾橘e語從句。本題中,賓語從句缺少賓語,且表示“物”,故用what引導(dǎo)。答案:B3(2010新課標(biāo)全國卷)We havent discussed yet_we are going to place our new furniture.Athat BwhichCwhat
15、 Dwhere解析:句意為:我們還沒有討論要把新家具放在什么地方。本題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。本空引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,所以選D。that在賓語從句中只起連接作用,不充當(dāng)句子成分;which在賓語從句中可以作主語或賓語,表示選擇的含義;what在賓語從句中作主語或賓語。答案:D4(2010江蘇卷)I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats_I dont agree.You should have a more active life.Awhere BhowCwhen Dwhat
16、解析:句意為:每逢周日,我更喜歡整天都待在屋里聽音樂。那就是我不同意的地方,你應(yīng)該過一種更加積極的生活。本題考查名詞性從句。agree為不及物動詞,不能直接加賓語,故排除what;when表示時(shí)間,how表示方式,where 表示具體地點(diǎn)或抽象地點(diǎn),根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用where 引導(dǎo)表語從句。答案:A5(2010北京卷)I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside.Awho BwhereCWhatDhow解析:句意為:我希望因?yàn)槲易约旱膬?nèi)在而被別人喜歡和愛戴。本題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)題干,空格前為介詞,構(gòu)成介賓結(jié)構(gòu),引導(dǎo)詞what放于從句中a
17、m后面作表語,句意為“我是一個(gè)什么樣的人”,故選擇C項(xiàng)。答案:C6(2010北京卷)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was_it was rather closely modeled on his own life.Awhat BthatCwhy Dwhether解析:句意為:查爾斯狄更斯喜愛他自己的小說大衛(wèi)科波菲爾的部分原因是,這本書幾乎是以他的真實(shí)生活為原型創(chuàng)作的。本題考查表語從句。設(shè)空處需要的是表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,而表語從句it was rather closely model
18、ed on his own life的結(jié)構(gòu)很完整,意義表達(dá)清晰,不缺任何成分,故用that引導(dǎo)。答案:B7(2010天津卷)Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers_I go.Its only 15.Aas BwhichCwhere Dthat解析:句意為:你相信我剪一次頭發(fā)得花30美元嗎?你應(yīng)該去我常去的那家理發(fā)店。僅15美元就夠了。本題考查定語從句。先行詞為the barbers,即:the barbers shop,代入定語從句后為:I go to the barber
19、s shop.由此可見,先行詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故用where引導(dǎo)。答案:C8(2010上海卷)One reason for her preference for city life is_she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.Athat BhowCwhat Dwhy解析:句意為:她偏愛城市生活的原因之一是在城市里很容易找到像商店和餐館這樣的地方。考查名詞性從句。系動詞is之后是一表語從句,且從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺任何成分,所以用that引導(dǎo)。答案:A9(2010上海卷)When changing lane
20、s,a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_.Ahe is entering which laneBwhich lane he is enteringCis he entering which laneDwhich lane is he entering解析:句意為:當(dāng)司機(jī)改變車道時(shí),應(yīng)該使用轉(zhuǎn)向指示燈告知其他司機(jī)要往哪條車道拐??疾橘e語從句。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中都有which,又在題干中作賓語從句,所以which應(yīng)該是從句的引導(dǎo)詞,須放在從句句首,故排除A和C兩項(xiàng);賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序,故B項(xiàng)為正確答案。答案:B1 0 ( 2 0 1 0 上 海 春 招 ) T h e r e i s n o o b v i o u s evidence_there is life on any other planet in the solar system.Awhich BthatChow Dwhere解析:此處是that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句對evidence進(jìn)行具體的說明,不是定語從句。句意為:沒有明顯的證據(jù)表明在太陽系的其他行星上有生命存在。答案:B練規(guī)范、練技能、練速度