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1、Module 3My First Ride on a TrainThe -ed form過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 1. 單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1)作前置定語(yǔ)：這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞的形容詞作前置定語(yǔ)：這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞的形容詞意義強(qiáng)于動(dòng)詞意義。意義強(qiáng)于動(dòng)詞意義。 a. 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)的意義。及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)的意義。 如如: a broken cup 一個(gè)破杯子一個(gè)破杯子 a wounded soldier 一名傷員一名傷員b. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞具有完不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞具有完成的意義成的意義 a grown woman 一位成年婦女一位成年婦女 an escap

2、ed prisoner 一名逃犯一名逃犯2) 作后置定語(yǔ)，通常是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去作后置定語(yǔ)，通常是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞意義強(qiáng)于形容詞分詞，這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞意義強(qiáng)于形容詞意義。個(gè)別單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作前置定意義。個(gè)別單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)時(shí), 表達(dá)的含義不同。表達(dá)的含義不同。如：如：前置定語(yǔ)前置定語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)a concerned look 關(guān)切的神色關(guān)切的神色the authorities concerned 有關(guān)當(dāng)局有關(guān)當(dāng)局a wanted person 被通緝的人被通緝的人jobs wanted 需要的工作需要的工作in a given condition

3、 在一定條件下在一定條件下a present given by the student 學(xué)生送的禮物學(xué)生送的禮物a used car 一輛舊車一輛舊車 a car used 一輛用過(guò)的車一輛用過(guò)的車 2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常后置，其作用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。如相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。如: the color TV set produced last year= the color TV set that was produced last year a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was wri

4、tten to me by my daughter3. 要注意過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)要注意過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間：間：1) 發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。如：發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。如： Is this the book written (that was written) by Henry James? 2) 表示與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的經(jīng)常性的表示與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。如：動(dòng)作。如： He was then a professor respected (that was respected) by all the teachers and students of the

5、 college. 1. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing例題解析例題解析 簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析: 首先首先,根據(jù)語(yǔ)法分析可知根據(jù)語(yǔ)法分析可知,待選部待選部分是一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)、修飾分是一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)、修飾 The Olympic Games的后置分詞短語(yǔ)的后置分詞短語(yǔ);再根據(jù)再根據(jù) The Olympic Games 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 play 來(lái)說(shuō)來(lái)說(shuō)只能是被動(dòng)承受只能是

6、被動(dòng)承受,且已完成且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此。因此,該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選C。2. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選B。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng)后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語(yǔ)從句等于定語(yǔ)從句 which is spoken。3. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being

7、invited D. had been invited 簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選A。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng)置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語(yǔ)從句等于定語(yǔ)從句who were invited。4. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選D。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后,可以

8、用非可以用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句“which was opened last year”代替。代替。5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選D。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng)置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語(yǔ)從句等于定語(yǔ)從句which were written。1. Don

9、t use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. knownD牛刀小試牛刀小試 2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. formed

10、 D. having formedC3. There was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excitement C. exciting D. excitedly4. Its wrong for the _ countries to control the world. A. development B. developing C. developed D. developAC5. I have collected the money _. A. needing B. need C. to need

11、 D. needed6. The bridge _ next year will be very long. A. being built B. to be built C. built D. buildingDB7. The book can be used in _ countries. A. English-speaking B. English-spoken C. speaking-English D. spoken-EnglishA8. From his _ voice, I have to say that you are really _. A. disappointed; di

12、sappointed B. disappointing; disappointing C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointing; disappointedC9. This is the problem _ at the meeting yesterday. A. being discussed B. having discussed C. to be discussed D. discussed10. The _ look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. A. surpr

13、ised B. surprising C. excited D. excitingDAPast tense time expressions recently a long time ago during the day a hundred and fifty years ago one night until the 1920s at (about) midnight in 1925 Read My First Ride on a Train and find the past tense time expressions.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或在確定的過(guò)去

14、時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：存在的狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。等。Where did you go just now?2. 表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，特別是由性的動(dòng)作，特別是由would / used to do 表表達(dá)的巨型，本身表示的就是過(guò)去時(shí)。達(dá)的巨型，本身表示的就是過(guò)去時(shí)。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Wheneve

15、r the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.He used to visit his mother once a week.3. 有時(shí)可以代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一有時(shí)可以代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種委婉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。種委婉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car.Would you mind my sitting here?4. 用在表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句型：用在表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句型：it is time that sb. d

16、id sth.（時(shí)間已遲了、早（時(shí)間已遲了、早該該了）了）; would (had) rather sb. did sth.（寧愿某人做某事）（寧愿某人做某事）It is time you went to bed.Id rather you came tomorrow.5. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等，時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。 I thought you might have some. 將下列句子譯

17、成英語(yǔ)。將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1. 上周末上周末, 簡(jiǎn)吃了一頓由外婆做的好飯。簡(jiǎn)吃了一頓由外婆做的好飯。2. 昨天晚上昨天晚上, 她完成作業(yè)后就上床睡覺(jué)了。她完成作業(yè)后就上床睡覺(jué)了。Last weekend, Jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her grandmother.She went to bed after she finished her homework last night.3. 前幾天前幾天, Robert 去北京出差了。去北京出差了。 4. 瑪麗過(guò)去一周來(lái)拜訪我一次?，旣愡^(guò)去一周來(lái)拜訪我一次。 Robert went to Beijing on business the other day. Mary used to pay a visit to / visit me once a week.