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1、人教版英語精品資料（精修版） Unit 2　 第二課時(shí) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—I didn't go to work yesterday because my car broke down. —You ________ mine. I wasn't using it then. A．might borrow B．should borrow C．must have borrowed D．could have borrowed 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done。句意：——由于我的車壞了，昨天我沒有去上班?！惚緛砟軌蛴梦业能?，當(dāng)時(shí)我并不用車。事情發(fā)生在過去，co

2、uld have done本來能夠做……，暗含實(shí)際上沒有做。must have done一定做了某事。結(jié)合句意選D。 2．Sometimes his present job________ be boring, and he ________ work for long hours a day. A．can; has to B．may; can C．has to; may D．ought to; must 答案：A　句意：有時(shí)他現(xiàn)在的工作有可能很沒趣，并且他一天中還必須工作很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。can表示事情一時(shí)的可能性；have to必須，不得不。 3．We are given a speci

3、al holiday, so we ________ go to work tomorrow. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．shouldn't 答案：C　句意：我們有個(gè)特別的假期，所以我們明天不必去上班。can't不可能；mustn't絕不可以；needn't不必；shouldn't不應(yīng)該。結(jié)合句意選C。 4．(2014·銀川高一檢測(cè))—Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the paper yesterday. —Oh, you ________ have done it as yesterday w

4、as the deadline. A．must B．mustn't C．should D．shouldn't 答案：C　答語句意：哦，你本該做完的，因?yàn)樽蛱炀褪亲詈笃谙蕖４颂幱胹hould have done表示本該做某事而實(shí)際上未做。 5．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents? —You ________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A．don't have to B．oughtn't to C．mustn't D．can't 答案：

5、A　句意：——你認(rèn)為我們能為我們年老的父母做什么？——除了陪伴他們及順其自然你不必做任何事。don't have to不必；oughtn't to不應(yīng)該；mustn't絕不可以；can't不可能。結(jié)合句意選A。 6．(2014·長(zhǎng)春高一檢測(cè))—I didn't see her last night at the party. —You ________. But you came too late. A．could have B．can't have C．must have D．ought have 答案：A　句意：——我昨天晚上在聚會(huì)上沒見到她?！惚灸芤姷剿摹５悄銇淼锰?/p>

6、晚了。此題考查could have done，過去分詞已省去。could have done表示“過去本來可以做某事，但實(shí)際上沒有做”。 7．—Must I return the book a week later? —Oh, no.You ________. A．oughtn't to B．can't C．won't D．needn't 答案：D　句意：——我必須一周后還這本書嗎？——哦，不，不必。must的疑問句的否定回答用needn't或don't have to。 8．—She looks unhappy.________ anything have happened

7、to her? —I'm not sure, but I guess something ________ happened. A．May；must have B．Can；may have C．Must; may D．Should; might have 答案：B　句意：——她看起來不高興。她可能出了什么事嗎？——我不確定，但我想可能出了什么事。can have done可能做了某事，用于疑問句或否定句；may have done可能做了某事，表示把握較小的推測(cè)，用于肯定句。 9．(2013·遼寧高考)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _____

8、___ too much at the party last night. A．could drink B．should drink C．would have drunk D．must have drunk 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：Harry感到不舒服。他一定是在昨晚的聚會(huì)上喝了太多的酒。由第一句中的“uncomfortable”及第二句中的時(shí)間狀語“l(fā)ast night”提示，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過去發(fā)生動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。用must have done。 10．(2013·四川高考)—Why are your eyes so red? You________have slept wel

9、l last night. —Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't 答案：A　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：——你的眼為什么那么紅？昨晚你肯定沒睡好?！堑?，我熬夜寫一篇報(bào)道了。A項(xiàng)can't have done表示對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè)；B項(xiàng)表示“禁止，不允許”，不能用于對(duì)過去的推測(cè)；C項(xiàng)needn't have done表示過去不需要做某事(但卻做了)；D項(xiàng)不能用于對(duì)過去的推測(cè)。由句中的“so red”及時(shí)間狀語“l(fā)ast night”提示，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過去發(fā)生動(dòng)作的否定推測(cè)

10、。 11．(2010·天津，9)Mark ________ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A．needn't B．wouldn't C．mustn't D．couldn't 答案：A　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：邁克本來不必那么匆忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)了。根據(jù)后面的語境，提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)，說明Mark本來不必那么匆忙，所以用needn't have done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。 12．(2011·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，32)They _______

11、_ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A．will B．can C．must D．should 答案：D　考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為：他們本該午飯時(shí)到達(dá)，但他們的航班推遲了。will have done將來可以完成；can have done可能做過……嗎？表示對(duì)過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句；must have done一定做過某事，表示對(duì)過去事情的肯定推測(cè)；should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。but their flight was delayed這樣的結(jié)果，說明他們本來該到達(dá)卻沒有到達(dá)

12、，因此選D。 13．(2012·湖南，21)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs________ to achieve the final success. A．being done B．do C．to be done D．to do 答案：C　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。need既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，在本句中用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞故排除B項(xiàng)；need后可接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)含義，若選A項(xiàng)，則需改為doing，need doing＝need to be done, 故C項(xiàng)正確。 14．(2012·新課標(biāo)，30)I __

13、______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't 答案：D　本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我沒有必要用鬧鐘來叫醒自己因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)火車從我家旁邊經(jīng)過。couldn't意為“不能，不可能”； mustn't意為“不允許，禁止”； shouldn't意為“不應(yīng)該”； needn't意為“不必”，符合語境，故D項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。 15．(2010·湖南，23)Yo

14、u ________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A．must B．mustn't C．have to D．don't have to 答案：D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。don't have to意為“沒有必要”，符合語境。故選D。 Ⅱ.根據(jù)句意，用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞(can/ought to/need/must/have to)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．One ________ cross the street against the red light. 2．His mother is

15、ill, so he________ take care of her. 3．—I have to stay at home preparing my lessons. —But you ________ . Tomorrow is Sunday. 4．Mike's father is ill, but you ________ tell him, because he is to take an important examination. 5．—It ________ be that naughty boy crying outside. —It ________ be him,

16、 because he has gone to school. 6．— ________ I finish the task right now? —Yes, you________. 7．You were out enjoying yourself when you ________ have been studying. 8．If you are busy now, you don't ________ come with us. 答案：1.ought not to/mustn't　2.has to　3.needn't/don't have to　4.mustn't　5.must

17、；can't　6.Must；must 7．ought to　8.have to Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientis

18、ts. The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding (繁殖) rights within the group，” explains Marian Wong. “All other group mem

19、bers are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.” The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it

20、 causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up. It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraini

21、ng how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over ha

22、ving a feast. The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their

23、 competitors small. While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical (等級(jí)的) societies remain stable. The research has proved the fact that voluntary die

24、ting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggest that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rare

25、ly does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females' own ideal.” 文章大意：大千世界，無奇不有。人節(jié)食是為了苗條，有魅力。魚節(jié)食又是為何？作者從魚類與人在節(jié)食問題上的對(duì)比，揭示出了一個(gè)令人深思的話題——人類的節(jié)食真是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的嗎？其本質(zhì)目的何在？ 1．When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it ________. A

26、．faces danger B．has breeding rights C．eats its competitor D．leaves the group itself 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。文章第三段指出：當(dāng)稍小一些的魚一旦長(zhǎng)到它競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者體積的5～10%時(shí)，將引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。結(jié)果大多是小一點(diǎn)的刺鰭魚被逐出群體，最終被吞食掉。 2．The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to ________. A．the fish beaten up B．the fish found out C．the fish fat

27、tened up D．the fish driven away 答案：D　詞義猜測(cè)題。緊承前一句．..which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group可知the evicted fish指的是被逐出群體的挑戰(zhàn)失敗者。 3．The experiment showed that the smaller fish ________. A．fought over a feast B．went on diet willingly C．preferred some extra food D．chal

28、lenged the boss fish 答案：B　推理判斷題。文章第四段結(jié)尾the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast說明刺鰭魚的節(jié)食是自愿的。而第六段更指出小一點(diǎn)兒的刺鰭魚節(jié)食對(duì)于維護(hù)魚類社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的重要性。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Fish dieting and human dieting. B．Dieting an

29、d health. C．Human dieting. D．Fish dieting. 答案：D　主旨?xì)w納題。文章主要論述了刺鰭魚節(jié)食的問題。指出這一行為是它自愿的，一種目的在于維護(hù)它們的整體穩(wěn)定的行為。 B (2014·寧波六校高一期中) In the UK, most children have their midday meal at school, but in many schools, parents can choose what their children eat. The children can have a school lunch－a hot, cooked

30、 meal; or they can take a packed lunch with them, which usually includes cold food like sandwiches. Often parents prepare lunches on_the_basis_of what their children want. Cathy, a mother of three children, told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make

31、 3 packed lunches every morning, so we're like a sandwich bar in our kitchen in the morning.” However, another mother, Susan, made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunc

32、h at school than she would if I made sandwiches.” But how healthy are school dinners? Kaz, a father, wasn't impressed with them. “Fizzy (有泡沫的) drinks were offered and I think there were a lot of chips.” The question of how healthy school food is was brought to Jamie Oliver, who launched a campaign

33、 to improve children's nutrition, after spending a year working in a school kitchen. The TV series about the campaign won an award this week. He was horrified(驚恐的)at the junk food he saw being served, which included burgers, pizza and chips.He decided to ban the junk, and started cooking good stews

34、(燉菜)and curries for the children instead. Jamie improved the school dinners in that particular school, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food. Then he put pressure on the government to improve the standards of school food across the country. And it looks as if the changes have begun. 文

35、章大意：你討厭學(xué)校提供的飲食嗎？讓我們看看英國(guó)學(xué)校的情況如何？ 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．School Dinners B．Healthy Food C．Dinners in the UK D．Research on Dinners 答案：A　主旨大意題。全文講述的是學(xué)校飲食的問題，所以A項(xiàng)符合。 6．The underlined phrase “on the basis of” in the second paragraph probably means“________”． A．by compariso

36、n B．a(chǎn)ccording to C．in spite of D．for the good of 答案：B　猜測(cè)詞義題。所在句句意為“通常父母會(huì)按照孩子的要求準(zhǔn)備午飯”。 7．We can learn from the passage that________. A．in Britain, all children have their lunch at school B．Cathy's children like school dinners C．stews and curries are healthy food D．Jamie Oliver works in a scho

37、ol kitchen 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段可知，Jamie非常吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校提供漢堡包、比薩和薯?xiàng)l這些垃圾食品。他決定禁絕這些垃圾食品，用stews和curries來代替垃圾食品，所以不難看出stews和curries是健康的飲食。 8．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A．There are many schools in Britain. B．Susan chooses food for her daughter according to its nutrition. C．In the past, the food provided by British schools was not healthy enough. D．None of the parents in Britain like school food. 答案：C　推理判斷題。由最后兩段可推知，過去，英國(guó)學(xué)校提供的飲食是不健康的。