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1、人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料（精修版） Unit 4　 第三課時(shí) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2014·安徽，35)—I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day. —Oh great! ________. A．Good luck B．Cheer up C．Same to you D．Keep it up 答案：D 　考查情景對(duì)話。句意：——我每天至少要鍛煉半個(gè)小時(shí)?！?，好極了！堅(jiān)持下去。A項(xiàng)為：祝你好運(yùn)；B項(xiàng)為：振作些；C項(xiàng)為：你也是；D項(xiàng)為：堅(jiān)持下去。由句意可知選D項(xiàng)。 2．Since the house pri

2、ce in the city may be ________ we can't imagine, I suggest that we rent an apartment to live in first. A．a(chǎn)s high as B．a(chǎn)s expensive as C．so high as D．so expensive as 答案：A　考查原級(jí)比較。句意：這個(gè)城市的房?jī)r(jià)既然高到我們很難想像的那樣，我建議我們先租套公寓住著。表示價(jià)格高用high, expensive用于說(shuō)明某物貴，so...as...用于否定句。 3．Please keep your word ________ you

3、 have promised to come. A．since then B．now that C．only if D．so long 答案：B　句意：既然你答應(yīng)了要來(lái)，你就要守約。now that既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 4．After fighting with his illness many years, the patient ______ finally. A．pulled out B．pulled through C．pulled up D．pulled down 答案：B　句意：經(jīng)過(guò)很多年與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)之后，這個(gè)病人最終康復(fù)了。pull out抽出，取出；pull

4、through康復(fù)；pull up停車；pull down拆除。 5．(2014·溫州高一檢測(cè))—I'm thinking of the tomorrow's test. I'm afraid I can't pass this time. —________！ I'm sure you'll make it. A．Go ahead B．Good luck C．No problem D．Cheer up 答案：D　考查短語(yǔ)用法。答句句意：——振作起來(lái)！我相信你會(huì)成功的。cheer up變得高興，(使)振奮起來(lái)，用來(lái)鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方；go ahead表示允許某人做某事；good luck用于祝

5、福某人，表示“祝你好運(yùn)”；no problem用于答應(yīng)某人某事，意為“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”。結(jié)合題意，故選D。 6．As soon as the fire ________， it spread quickly. A．broke out B．put out C．came out D．got out 答案：A　考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：火災(zāi)一發(fā)生就迅速蔓延開來(lái)。break out指“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等的)突然發(fā)生”；put out熄滅，撲滅；come out出現(xiàn)，露出，長(zhǎng)出；get out泄露，被人知道。 7．All the visitors were told to ________ for t

6、hose dangerous animals while visiting the zoo. A．watch out B．take care C．watch over D．take up 答案：A　句意：在參觀動(dòng)物園時(shí)，所有游客都被告知當(dāng)心那些危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物。watch out注意，當(dāng)心，與介詞for連用。watch over照看，為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。故選A。 8．Two people were killed in the serious car ________ the other day. A．crash B．break C．strike D．incident 答案：A　句意：在前幾

7、天的嚴(yán)重轎車相撞事件中，有兩人遇難。crash的意思是“相撞(事故)”，符合句意。break“中斷，休息”；strike“罷工；襲擊”；incident“事件”。 9．In order to ________ the sunshine, the students had many books piled high. A．block up B．block out C．break out D．break up 答案：B　句意：為了擋住陽(yáng)光，學(xué)生們讓很多書高高地堆著。block up塞??；block out擋住(光線)；break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等的)突然發(fā)生；break up解散

8、，分手。 10．Usually in spring the ________ here is mild, but today the ________ is a bit cold. A．weather; weather B．climate; climate C．climate; weather D．weather; climate 答案：C　句意：在春天這里的氣候通常溫和，但是今天的天氣有點(diǎn)冷。climate指長(zhǎng)期的天氣特征；weather指短期的，具體到某一天的天氣。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．在爆炸發(fā)生之后，警方封鎖了那條路。 The police _______________

9、___ after the explosion. 2．去年他的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)洪水。 A big flood __________________ in his hometown last year. 3．既然你已犯了錯(cuò)，就應(yīng)該受到懲罰。 __________________， you should be punished. 4．司機(jī)在紅燈前把車停下。 The driver __________________ at the red light. 5．一聽說(shuō)他恢復(fù)了健康，他的隊(duì)友高興起來(lái)。 His teammates __________________ as soon as t

10、hey knew he had recovered from illness. 6．貓的睡眠時(shí)間是人的兩倍。 Cats sleep __________________ people. 7．一輛大卡車失去了控制，撞上了一輛汽車的尾部。 A big truck was out of control and __________________ the back of a car. 8．在黑暗中，他們驚恐地注意到有奇怪的東西在空中飄浮著。 In the darkness, they were frightened to notice something strange ________

11、__________. 答案：1.blocked up the street　2.broke out　3.Now that you have made mistakes　4.pulled up　5.cheered up　6.twice as much as　7.crashed into　8.floating in the sky Ⅲ.完形填空 How big is space? That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school，

12、it was __1__ that the universe was very __2__ perhaps only 5,000 light years __3__. 500 years ago people considered that the universe was only a little bit __4__ than the earth. In modern times with the __5__ of technology we are finally starting to __6__ the immense (無(wú)邊的) size of the universe，and i

13、t is much bigger than anyone __7__ have ever imagined. Scientists cannot stretch (伸展) a measuring tape from the earth to a nearby star, so __8__ do they know how far away they are? Scientists use something __9__ parallax (視差). Parallax means __10__ that they look at how much the stars move in the s

14、ky __11__ throughout the year as the earth circles the sun. This is not something __12__ to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and __13__ your thumb, while __14__ one eye, and then the other, your thumb will __15__ to move back and forth. Stars do the __16__ thing，but our eyes

15、 are too close to see the __17__. However, if we take a picture while on one side of the earth's orbit，and then take another when we get to the __18__ side of the orbit，then we have a large enough __19__ that we can see the stars' parallax，and __20__ how far away they really are. 1．A.measured B．bet

16、 C．thought D．proved 答案：C　根據(jù)上下文知，這里表達(dá)的是在祖父母上學(xué)時(shí)人們以為宇宙有多大，不是客觀事實(shí)，所以不能用measured/proved，也不是打賭。 2．A. old B. big C. mysterious D. small 答案：D　從后面的only可以看出，在當(dāng)時(shí)大家都認(rèn)為宇宙只有5000光年那么大，即人們以為宇宙比較“小”。 3．A. over B. across C. through

17、 D. outside 答案：B　across此處意為“from one side to the other”。over指“在……的上方”；through指“從……中間穿過(guò)”；outside意為“在外面”。 4．A. bigger B. smaller C. heavier D. nearer 答案：A　這里討論的話題是宇宙有多大，所以不是輕重遠(yuǎn)近的問(wèn)題。500年以前人們以為宇宙僅僅比地球大一點(diǎn)。 5．A. popularity

18、 B. power C. energy D. strength 答案：B　the power of the technology指科技的力量；popularity意為“普及；流行”；energy意為“能力；精力；活力；能源”；strength通常指(具體的)力氣、力量。 6．A. understand B. control C. imagine D. feel 答案：A　在科技的幫助下人們開始理解宇宙到底有多大。understand指“掌握；領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解”；

19、control意為“控制”；imagine意為“想象”；feel意為“感覺(jué)”。 7．A. would B. should C. could D. might 答案：C　宇宙比人們以前所想象的要大得多。 8．A. what B. why C. how D. when 答案：C　下文講了科學(xué)家測(cè)量天體之間距離的方法，所以用how。 9．A. honored B.

20、called C. considered D. believed 答案：B　科學(xué)家用了一種叫做“視差”的方法，所以用called。 10．A. actually B. exactly C. generally D. simply 答案：D　視差就是由決定新視線的觀察位置的變化引起的物體方向的明顯變化。simply意為“僅僅；簡(jiǎn)單”；actually意為“實(shí)際上”；事實(shí)上；exactly意為“確切地”；generally意為“一般；通?！薄９蕇imply符合語(yǔ)境。 11

21、．A. in and out B. back and forth C. sooner or later D. up and down 答案：B　根據(jù)10題后可知選B。back and forth意為“來(lái)回移動(dòng)”；in and out意為“進(jìn)進(jìn)出出”；sooner or later意為“遲早”；up and down意為“上上下下”。 12．A. unacceptable B. unfamiliar C. unbelievable D. unnatural 答案：B　

22、根據(jù)下文所舉的例子，人們對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象并不陌生。unacceptable意為“無(wú)法接受的；不受歡迎的”；unfamiliar意為“不熟悉的”；unbelievable意為“難以置信的”；unnatural意為“不自然的”。 13．A. look at B. shake C. glare at D. notice 答案：A　把手伸到前面并看你的大拇指。shake意為“搖動(dòng)”；glare at意為“怒視”；notice意為“注意到”。根據(jù)句意，這里僅僅是普通的“看”。 14．A. covering

23、 B. opening C. controlling D. hiding 答案：A　這里指先遮住一只眼睛，會(huì)看見(jiàn)拇指在一個(gè)位置；然后換另一只，拇指又處于另一位置。cover有“遮住，覆蓋”的意思。 15．A. continue B. happen C. stop D. appear 答案：D　continue to move指繼續(xù)移動(dòng)；happen to move指碰巧在移動(dòng)；stop to move指停下來(lái)然后移動(dòng)。這里指人的一種感覺(jué)，大拇指會(huì)顯得來(lái)回

24、移動(dòng)。 16．A. common B. different C. strange D. same 答案：D　舉例就是為了說(shuō)明視差是如何產(chǎn)生的，所以這里歸到主題，說(shuō)明可以采用同一種方式去測(cè)量。 17．A. result B. effect C. difference D. similarity 答案：C　眼睛之間的距離太近，被觀察的物體太遠(yuǎn)，就很難發(fā)現(xiàn)差別。result意為“結(jié)果”；effect意為“效果；影響”；similarit

25、y意為“相似性”。 18．A. suitable B. same C. opposite D. correct 答案：C　在與軌道相反的一側(cè)拍照。 19．A. distance B. length C. height D. width 答案：A　有足夠的距離觀察天體的視差。 20．A. realize B. determine C. recognize

26、 D. design 答案：B　測(cè)定天體之間到底有多遠(yuǎn)。realize意為“意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)”；determine意為“決定；決心；測(cè)定”；recognize意為“辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)”；design意為“計(jì)劃，籌劃”。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 (2014·河北正定中學(xué)高一期末) Space is where our future is—trips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that aside from comets(彗星) and stars, there is little else out there. But, si

27、nce our space journey started we have left so much trash(垃圾) there that scientists are now concerned that if we don't clean it up, we may all be in great danger. The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard I stopped operating and lost its connection with

28、the ground center. However, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning(拋棄) things that no longer served any useful purpose in space. It is said that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting the Earth at spee

29、ds of up to 17,500 miles per hour. The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn Piper lost during a spacewalk. The major problem with the space trash is that it ma

30、y hit working satellites and damage traveling spaceship. Moreover, pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth. To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways for clearing the sky. Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space

31、 trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles. Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations to stop littering in space and to clean up the trash already there. 文章大意：文章介紹了第一片人造太空垃圾是一個(gè)破碎的衛(wèi)星，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有造成任何問(wèn)題，所以科學(xué)家最初并沒(méi)有關(guān)心太空垃圾。隨著太空垃圾越來(lái)越多，科學(xué)家意識(shí)到如果不及時(shí)清理太空垃圾，人類將面

32、臨危險(xiǎn)。 1．What was the first piece of man-made space trash? A．A camera. B．A tool kit. C．A fuel tank. D．A broken satellite. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子：The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard I stopped operating and lost its connection with the ground center.可

33、知第一片人造太空垃圾是一個(gè)破碎的衛(wèi)星，選D。 2．Why were scientists NOT concerned about space trash in the beginning? A．It no longer served any useful purpose. B．It was millions of miles away from the Earth. C．It did not cause any problems. D．It was regarded as similar to comets and stars. 答案：C　 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子：Howev

34、er, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any consequences, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things that no longer served any useful purpose in space.可知科學(xué)家最初沒(méi)有關(guān)心太空垃圾，是因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有造成任何問(wèn)題，故選C。 3．Which of the following statements is true about space junk? A．It is huge, heavy m

35、achines. B．It never changes position. C．It floats slowly around the Earth. D．It may cause problems for space shuttles. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子：The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage traveling space ship. Moreover, pieces of junk may crash with each o

36、ther and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth.可知太空垃圾會(huì)給太空飛船帶來(lái)很多問(wèn)題。D項(xiàng)的表述正確，故選D。 4．What has been done about the space trash problem? A．Scientists have cleaned up most of the trash. B．Large pieces of space trash are being closely watched. C．Many nations have worked together to stop polluti

37、ng space. D．Ground stations are built to help store the trash properly in space. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子：To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways for clearing the sky. Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles.可知現(xiàn)階段比較大的太空廢物正在被緊密監(jiān)測(cè)，故選B。