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1、1.在在開始的時(shí)候開始的時(shí)候2.嚇?biāo)懒藝標(biāo)懒?.亂七八糟亂七八糟/顛倒顛倒4.大喊大喊5.在遠(yuǎn)處在遠(yuǎn)處6.一群一群, 大量大量7.團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作8.浮出水面浮出水面9.與此同時(shí)，在此期與此同時(shí)，在此期間間10.飽餐一頓飽餐一頓11.害怕（做）某事害怕（做）某事12.托著，舉起托著，舉起13.幫助（擺脫困境）幫助（擺脫困境）14.意識(shí)到意識(shí)到15.在在前面前面 1.at the beginning of 2.(be) scared to death 3.upside down 4.yell out 5.in the distance 6.a pack of 7.work as a team 8

2、.float up to the surface 9.in the meantime 10.have a good feed on 11.be terrified of doing sth. 12.hold up 13.help out 14.be/become aware of 15.ahead of1. witness: vt. be present at (sth.) and see it 當(dāng)當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到場(chǎng)見到/ 目擊目擊 suggest, indicate 表明表明/ 說明說明 vi. witness to doing sth 作證作證 Did anyone witness the acc

3、ident?Did anyone witness the accident?His loud voice witnessed his anger.His loud voice witnessed his anger.He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.n. c 證人證人 c / u 證詞證詞/ 證據(jù)證據(jù)The police found the witness to the murder case. His rag

4、ged clothes were (a) witness to his poverty.The old man gave witness on behalf of an accused.give witness on behalf of sb be a witness to .bear / give witness to sth witness box ( BRE )= witness stand 證人席證人席; 證人臺(tái)證人臺(tái)替替作證作證是是的目擊者的目擊者證明證明; 證實(shí)證實(shí)2. sort out 分類分類,整理整理,解決解決(問題問題/困難困難)I am just sorting out

5、the papers that can be thrown away.I am just sorting out the papers that can be thrown away.Weve got a few little problems to sort out.Weve got a few little problems to sort out.I must sort out my clothes for tomorrow.I must sort out my clothes for tomorrow.3. accommodation n.n. rooms, esp. for livi

6、ng in 房間房間/住所住所 lodgings, rooms and food (often pl.) 膳宿膳宿accommodate v. 適應(yīng)適應(yīng); 容納容納; 為為提供住處提供住處The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London.for students in London.This hotel can make accommodation for 600 people.This ho

7、tel can make accommodation for 600 people.make accommodation for 為為提供提供膳宿膳宿4. yell v.& n.叫喊叫喊 /叫聲，喊聲叫聲，喊聲 v. shout often because you are frightened, angry, or excite She yelled (out) at her naughty child.She yelled (out) at her naughty child. They yelled at him to stop.They yelled at him to stop. n.

8、 a loud shout a yell of delight / warning a yell of delight / warning5. flee (fled fled) vi. 逃走，逃掉逃走，逃掉 vt. 逃離逃離And those others are stopping it fleeing out to seaAnd those others are stopping it fleeing out to sea 其他的阻止它逃人大海。其他的阻止它逃人大海。The spectators fled in panic when the bull got looseThe spectat

9、ors fled in panic when the bull got loose 那只公牛掙開了束縛，嚇得觀眾急忙四散逃走那只公牛掙開了束縛，嚇得觀眾急忙四散逃走。We were forced to flee the country.We were forced to flee the country.我們被迫逃往國(guó)外。我們被迫逃往國(guó)外。6. drag v. 拖, 拉, 拽勉強(qiáng)某人做 He dragged the table into the corner.He dragged the table into the corner.He hates parties ,and we have t

10、o drag him into going.He hates parties ,and we have to drag him into going.If he fails , hell drag us all down with him .If he fails , hell drag us all down with him .drag down 把人拖垮把人拖垮 drag in 拉進(jìn)去拉進(jìn)去 drag ones feet 故意拖延故意拖延 drag on 拖延拖延,拉長(zhǎng)拉長(zhǎng)7. let go n. 放手放手; 松開松開 let go of Let go! You are hurting

11、me.Let go! You are hurting me.let let sb sb go go 放走放走; ; 放掉某人放掉某人let let sthsth go/pass go/pass 不計(jì)較某事不計(jì)較某事8. urge vt. 催促; 力勸; 強(qiáng)烈要求 n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望 或要求 urge sb to do sth. / urge thatBrown urged me to reconsider the decision.I urge that you (should) read this report carefully.I have an urge to go for a holid

12、ay.9. help out幫助幫助(擺脫困境或危險(xiǎn)擺脫困境或危險(xiǎn))My mother helped me out (with some money) when l lost my job.My mother helped me out (with some money) when l lost my job.The children help out in their fathers shop when things are busyThe children help out in their fathers shop when things are busy10. have a good

13、feed on 飽餐一頓飽餐一頓 feed: n. meals or food for babies or animals 餐、頓餐、頓 v. give food to 喂養(yǎng)喂養(yǎng)When is the babys next feed?When is the babys next feed?Theres no feed left for the hens.Theres no feed left for the hens.Lets feed the dog bones.Lets feed the dog bones.feed sb. on sth. / feed sth. to sb. 以以飼養(yǎng)飼

14、養(yǎng)feed on 吃吃,以以為食為食11. abandon vt. give up; desertI could see he was terrified of being abandoned by usI could see he was terrified of being abandoned by usThe bad weather forced them to abandon their searchThe bad weather forced them to abandon their search abandon n. 盡情，任意，放縱盡情，任意，放縱abandoned adj,

15、無約束的，無度的無約束的，無度的, 放蕩的放蕩的abandoned behaviorabandoned behavior恣意放蕩的行為恣意放蕩的行為We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way.12. head 朝朝方向移動(dòng)方向移動(dòng),帶領(lǐng)帶領(lǐng)We headed the boat out to sea.We headed the boat out to sea.It is time we were heading home.It is time we were heading home.Who is heading the Part

16、y?Who is heading the Party?Whose name heads the list?Whose name heads the list?head for = leave for / start for / leave for head towards/ across/ for朝朝前進(jìn)前進(jìn)/去去head south/northV-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成，其否定形式是其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成 V-ing 短語，短語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。但有時(shí)

17、態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。構(gòu)成構(gòu)成語態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not) having done(not) having been done二、動(dòng)詞二、動(dòng)詞-ing 形式的被動(dòng)式分形式的被動(dòng)式分和和:1. 一般式一般式:表示這個(gè)表示這個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行或與或與謂語謂語表示表示的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生.2. 完成式完成式:強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作在在謂語謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作之前之前完成完成. 三、動(dòng)詞三、動(dòng)詞 -ing的被動(dòng)式的句法功能的被動(dòng)式的句法功能1.

18、 做主語做主語.如如: So being killed by sharks was a common thing.2. 做賓語做賓語,用在用在介詞介詞后或需要帶后或需要帶-ing 形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞后后.如如:George didnt like being kept waiting.He was terrified of being abandoned by us.Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?3. 做表語做表語.如如: What worried the child most was

19、his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.4. 做定語做定語.如如: The problem being discussed is of great importance.5. 做狀語做狀語.如如: Having been shown around the library, we were taken to see the lab.6. 做補(bǔ)足語做補(bǔ)足語.如如: As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of six other kil

20、lers. When we approached him, I saw James being held up in the water by Old Tom._,the museum cant be visited yet. (由于沒有完工由于沒有完工）The y dont like_（正在建造的橋的設(shè)計(jì)）（正在建造的橋的設(shè)計(jì)）1. V-ing 形式被動(dòng)式主要在句子中作狀語、賓語補(bǔ)形式被動(dòng)式主要在句子中作狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和定語。足語和定語。 但但V-ing 形式的完成被動(dòng)式形式的完成被動(dòng)式 一般在句中作狀語一般在句中作狀語（偶爾作非限定定語），不作其它成分。（偶爾作非限定定語），不作其它成分

21、。Notes：the design of the new bridge being built.Not having been completedThe whole classroom having been cleaned ,the students went home happily.2. V-ing 形式的被動(dòng)式邏輯主語（即動(dòng)作的承受者）形式的被動(dòng)式邏輯主語（即動(dòng)作的承受者） 如果也是主句的主語，就不需要出示出來，但是如果如果也是主句的主語，就不需要出示出來，但是如果邏輯主語不是主句的主語，就得把邏輯主語不是主句的主語，就得把 V-ing 形式自己的形式自己的主語表示出來。如主語表示出來

22、。如3. 在在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，take等動(dòng)詞及形容詞等動(dòng)詞及形容詞worth后，習(xí)慣用后，習(xí)慣用動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于“to be done。如：。如： The house wants cleaning這房屋需要打掃。這房屋需要打掃。 My watch needs repairing我的手表需要修理。我的手表需要修理。The way deserves mentioning這個(gè)方法值得一提。這個(gè)方法值得一提。 These young trees will require looking

23、 after carefully這些小樹需要細(xì)心照顧。這些小樹需要細(xì)心照顧。 The film is worth seeing這部影片值得一看。這部影片值得一看。句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換(改成帶改成帶-ing形式被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句形式被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句)1. The hotel which is being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.2. The little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainou

24、s village.The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men. The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned in the mountainous village.3. He would come if we dont invite him.(without)4. After he had been examined several times, he was told to be healthy.5. I not

25、iced that some people were taken to the police station.He wouldnt come without being invited.Having been examined several times, he was told to be healthy.I noticed that some people being taken to the police station.1 James was afraid of _ (attack) by sharks.2 _ (hold up) in the water by Old Tom, Ja

26、mes was confident he would survive.3 _ (include) in the hunt was a great thrill for Clancy.4 _ (accept) by the whalers, the killers were able to get a good feed from the whale.being attackedbeing attackedBeing held upBeing held upBeing includedBeing includedHaving been acceptedHaving been acceptedCo

27、mplete the sentences below with the passive -ing form of the verbs in brackets.5 Clancy didnt mind _ (tell) what to do.6 _ (help out) by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make a successful kill.7 The children enjoyed _ (take) to the aquarium.8 It seemed the sea lion didnt mind _ (photograp

28、h) with the tourists after all.9 In fact, the chances of anybody _ (swallow) by a whale are rather low, said the researcher.being toldbeing toldBeing helped outBeing helped outbeing takenbeing takenbeing photographedbeing photographedComplete the sentences below with the passive -ing form of the ver

29、bs in brackets.being swallowedbeing swallowed2008年高考真題回顧：年高考真題回顧：（江蘇卷）（江蘇卷）34. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. A. speak.B. speaking C. spokenD. to speak（江西卷）（江西卷）24. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phon

30、e.A. to promote B. having been promotedC. having promoted D. to be promoted（江西卷）（江西卷）28. We finished the run in less than half the time _.A. allowing B. to allowC. allowed D. allows2008年高考真題回顧：年高考真題回顧：（陜西卷）（陜西卷）14. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympi

31、c Games.A.Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show（北京卷）（北京卷）32. I feel greatly honored _ into their society.A. to welcome B. welcomingC. to be welcomed D. welcomed（浙江卷）（浙江卷）13. It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year.A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found1.Finish exercises 1-4 on page 23.2.Finish exercises on page 63-65.3.Remember all the language points and grammar focus in this unit.