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1、專題五非謂語動詞專題五非謂語動詞.非謂語動詞的分類、意義及構(gòu)成非謂語形式構(gòu)成特征和作用時態(tài)和語態(tài)否定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式to doto be doingto have doneto be doneto have been done在非謂語前加notfor sb.to do sth.具有名詞、副詞和形容詞的作用，在句中作主語、賓語、定語、表語和狀語分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doinghaving donebeing donehaving been done具有副詞和形容詞的作用，在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語過去分詞done動名詞doinghaving donebeing donehaving been d

2、onesb.s doing具有名詞的作用，在句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語. 非謂語動詞作賓語的區(qū)別情況常用動詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背只接不定式作賓語的動詞hope，want，offer，long，fail，expect，wish，ask，decide，pretend，manage，agree，afford，determine，promise，happenHe offered _ (spare)a room for me.Who can expect _(teach) a class full of naughty children?to spareto teach情況常用動詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背只接動名

3、詞作賓語的動詞或短語mind，miss，enjoy，imagine，practise，suggest，finish，escape，excuse，appreciate，admit，prevent，keep，dislike，avoid，risk，resist，considerHow I enjoy _ (spend)a holiday with you!The boy had to admit _ (cheat) in the exam.cant help，feel like，succeed in，be fond of，object to，get down to，be engaged in，ins

4、ist on，think of，be proud of，take pride in，set about，be afraid of，be tired of，look forward to，devote oneself to，be worth，be busy，pay attention to，stick toHearing the news, I couldnt help _ (laugh)On arriving home, I got down to _ (prepare) for the supper.Do you object to me _(smoke) here?spendingchea

5、tinglaughingpreparingsmoking情況常用動詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義基本相同begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer，continue(接不定式多指具體的動作，接動名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣性行為)Im beginning _(realize) what I have done is of great significance.need，want，require(接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動形式)Do you see your car needs_(clean)?意義相反stop to do停止手中的事，去做另一件事sto

6、p doing停止正在做的事After an hour, we stopped_(practice) shooting_(take) a rest.to realizecleaningpractisingto take情況常用動詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義不同remember/forget/regret to do(指動作尚未發(fā)生)remember/forget/regret doing(指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)Now, I regret _(forget)_(take)an umbrella, or I wouldnt look like a drowned rat.go on to do(接著

7、做另外一件事)go on doing(接著做同一件事)After a short rest, we went on _(pick) apples for the peasants.to forget taking picking 情況常用動詞熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背兩者都可以意義不同try to do(設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力)try doing(試試去做，看有何結(jié)果)Why dont you try_(do) the work in another way?mean to do(打算做，企圖做)mean doing (意味著)I had meant _ (come)to help you, but my

8、 boss got me to work overtime.cant help to do(不能幫忙做)cant help doing(忍不住做)Im sorry I cant help_(paint) the wallsI have an appointment.doingto come(to) paint.非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別常見的跟非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系及時間概念熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背不定式ask，beg，expect，get，order，tell，want，wish，encourage主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成He is often heard _(si

9、ng) as he works.He was noticed _(take) away by the police.I found her _(listen) to the radio.have，notice，see，watch，hear，feel，let，maketo singtakenlistening常見的跟非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系及時間概念熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞notice，see，watch，hear，find，keep，have，feel主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成We found the village greatly_(change)過去分詞動賓關(guān)

10、系。動作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)changed.非謂語動詞作定語的區(qū)別區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背不定式與被修飾詞往往有動賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語動作同時發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生I have a lot of papers_(type)I have a lot of papers_(type)Please finish it by 4 pm.動名詞通常指被修飾詞的用途，無邏輯上的關(guān)系Shall we go to the_(swim) pool?to typeto be typedswimming區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生His

11、 hand was burned by the_(boil) water.Take this medicine with the_(boil) water.She was walking on the_(fall) leaves with_(fall) leaves falling on her face.過去分詞與被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成boilingboiledfallenfallingV.非謂語動詞作狀語的區(qū)別區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作，它們之間是主動關(guān)系。_(be) sick，I stayed at h

12、ome._ (tell) many times，he still repeated the same mistake.過去分詞作狀語時，表示的動作是句子主語承受的動作，它們之間是被動關(guān)系_(face) with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.BeingHaving been told/ToldFaced區(qū)別熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨，而不定式常常表示目的They stood by the roadside_(talk) about the plan.(伴隨)They gathered up _ (elect)the monitor.(目的)分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語；而獨立主格作狀語時，前面的名詞(代詞)就是獨立主格這個結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯上的主語，它和句子的主語不一致_(see) from the hill，the park looks very beautiful.(分詞作狀語)The weather_(turn) fine，we went for a walk.(獨立主格作狀語)talkingto electSeenturning