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1、英語外外 研研 版版寫作素能培養(yǎng)寫作素能培養(yǎng)第三部分第五講運用高級詞匯與句式，打第五講運用高級詞匯與句式，打造作文亮點造作文亮點 寫作時，“高級詞匯與高級句式”如能運用貼切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一兩處，也會為你的作文增添色彩，贏得閱卷老師的青睞。 一、使用高級詞匯 高級詞匯主要是指考試大綱中沒有列入的，但在實際運用中使用較頻繁的詞匯。大綱中較常用詞匯通過構(gòu)詞形成的詞匯也屬于高級詞匯。是否使用高級詞匯，可以基本判斷該考生所掌握的詞匯量。 1挖掘綱外詞匯 有些單詞在英語考試大綱中確實未曾出現(xiàn)，但在閱讀時經(jīng)常碰到。如：annoyed, currently等。 He was _ that she h

2、ad forgotten his birthday.(annoyed比angry高級) China is _ in the primary stage of socialism.(currently比now高級)annoyed currently 2挖掘可替代詞匯 使用詞組、習(xí)語來代替簡單枯燥的詞匯。如：用make full use of代替use, catch sight of代替see, look forward to代替hope等。 We had better _ something inexpensive. (make full use of比use高級) Finally he _ t

3、he young mans light overcoat in the distance.(catch sight of比see生動) Im _ your visit next week.(look forward to比hope高級)make full use of caught sight of looking forward to 3挖掘“味感”詞匯 有的單詞很常見，且“洋味”十足，表達(dá)地道，非常有“味感”，這類詞也被視為高級詞匯。如share, view, drive等。 We all _ one and the same planet.(share比live in更有“味感”) We

4、 can _ the problem in many ways.(view比look at更有內(nèi)涵) The noise next to the door _ me mad.(用drive而不用make)share view drove possess endless put up with turned a deaf ear to promote challenging 二、使用高級句式，讓句子靚起來 1恰當(dāng)使用被動語態(tài) We will have selected about thirty volunteers to the Mars throughout the world by 2020

5、. About thirty volunteers will have been selected to the Mars throughout the world by 2020. Im delighted to know that the Shanghai Museum will organize a famous art exhibition and you are collecting opinions of the public as to select the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to e

6、xpress my ideas. Im delighted to know that a famous art exhibition will be organized by the Shanghai Museum and opinions of the public are being collected as to select the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas. 2使用強調(diào)句 As a saying goes，the little thing matters m

7、ost. As a saying goes，it is the little thing that matters most. Our parents have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward. Its our parents who have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward. 3使用倒裝句 The chi

8、ldren can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way. Only in this way can the children grow up mentally and physically healthy. I didnt realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then. Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive

9、and negative ways. 4使用省略句 If it is so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. If so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. Although they were faced with many problems，they didnt lose heart. Although faced with many problems，they didnt lose heart. 5使用感嘆句 It is a very splendid moment. How splendid a mo

10、ment it is! I am very worried about his condition. How worried I am about his condition! 6使用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is holding his jacket behind him，and we can see sweat on his face. His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is holding his jacket

11、behind him，with sweat on his face. As the society develops rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. With the society developing rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 7使用虛擬語氣 It is high time for both children and parents t

12、o take action to make small changes. It is high time that both children and parents took action to make small changes. I missed being hit by the car with your help. Without your help，I would have been hit by the car.Above all，something must be done to stop pollution. It was when I entered senior hig

13、h school that I realized the importance of English. Not until we lose health do we know its value. 4If it isnt well organized，the meeting will be a failure.(省略句) _ 5We had a very good time with the peasants that day.(感嘆句) _ 6Because there was too much noise，I couldnt go on studying.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) _If no

14、t well organized，the meeting will be a failure. What a good time we had with the peasants that day！ With the noise going on，I couldnt go on studying. 三、如何寫好there be句型 1There be句型的基本意義：某地有某物 There is an increase of about 10 percent，compared with last year. 與去年相比較，大約增加了百分之十。 名師點撥由于受漢語影響，有些同學(xué)在使用這個句型時常常

15、把be誤用成have的某種形式。 下午將有一場演講。 There is going to have a lecture this afternoon.() There is going to be a lecture this afternoon.() 2Where there be.there be.“哪里有哪里就有” As the detailed analyses above have shown us，where there is life，there is hope. 正如上面詳盡的論述所示，活著就有希望。 3There be名詞分詞短語 There are three factor

16、s contributing to this attitude as follows. 有三個因素促成了下面的觀點。 名師點撥在這一句型中，有些同學(xué)常常把分詞誤用成動詞原形。 有些學(xué)生支持這個主意。 There are some students support the idea.() There are some students supporting the idea.() Some students support the idea.() 4There beno doubt/no denying/no need/no sense/no use.that.“毫無疑問/不可否認(rèn)/沒有必要/沒

17、有意義/沒有用” There is no sense in waiting here without knowing when he will come back. 在這里傻等卻不知道他什么時候回來，一點意義都沒有。 5There be的非謂語形式 there being.(動詞-ing形式)；there to be.(不定式形式) There being no bus，we had to walk home. 由于沒有公交車，我們不得不步行回家。There is no denying that the quality of our environment has gone from bad

18、to worse. We expect there to be a party to celebrate the coming New Year. 四、如何使用其他的一些高級表達(dá)形式讓文章更精彩 1用such總結(jié)全文 Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. 這就是我們這座充滿活力的城市，只要您方便，隨時歡迎來參觀。 2使用cannot.too much表示強調(diào) We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our

19、eyes too much. 我們再怎么強調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。 3使用比喻等修辭方法 As is known to us all，vocabulary is an important part of language，just like bricks in a building. 大家都知道，詞匯是語言學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分，就像一座大樓的基石。 4使用not.but.句型 Some people dont like their jobs not because theyre lazy but because their jobs are small. 一些人不喜歡他們的工作不是因為他們懶

20、，而是因為他們的工作太渺小了。 5使用否定句 The law is the law.Nobody has any excuse to break it. 法律就是法律。任何人沒有任何借口違反法律。 6使用雙重否定 Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle，it is not without its problem. 盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點，它仍然存在一些問題。No word can express my wholehearted thanks for your timely help. It is not a hardship but a ple

21、asure to learn English well. We cant emphasize the importance of protecting the environment too much. Only in this way can we successfully build an economized society. Hardly had he reached the station when the train left. Not only can I keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but a

22、lso almost all information can be gathered on the Internet. 4I didnt take his advice，so I failed in the exam.(虛擬語氣) _ 5Because I was ill that day，I didnt take part in the sports meeting.(虛擬語氣) _ 6They carried out a survey among 260 students.(被動語態(tài)) _ 7They didnt realize the importance of environment

23、protecting until all the fish in the river died out.(倒裝句，強調(diào)句) _ _If I had taken his advice，I wouldnt have failed in the exam. I was ill that day，otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting. A survey was carried out among 260 students. Not until all the fish in the river died out did they

24、 realize the importance of environment protecting. It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environment protecting. 參考范文： _ _ As is known to all，the world population is growing day by day.So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a large population.

25、Whats more，with industry developing rapidly，poisonous gases and waters are produced，consequently resulting in the pollution of water.Though fresh，a good amount of water can no longer be used.Only then did we realize the importance of fresh water.So its high time that we human beings took action to protect water resource.Stop polluting water，otherwise we wouldnt be living in the world.What a terrible scene we would be faced with!Only with fresh water can the world be prosperous.