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1、 考點4　細節(jié)理解之事實細節(jié)題 真題解密 Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(懷舊)．It’s fun to come home.It looks the same.It smells the same.You’ll realize what’s changed is you.Home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：We parted here；My parents met here；I won three champio

2、nships here. If I close my eyes，I can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home.I walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glass-top wooden table.To the right of the living room is my first bedroom.It’s empty，but it’s where my earliest memories are. There is the dining roo

3、m table where I celebrated birthdays，and where I cried on Halloween—when I didn’t want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.I always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong.If I sit at this table，I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents’ room.It is simple：a

4、brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side.Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning. I’m luc

5、ky because I know my first home still exists.It exists in my mind and heart，on a physical property(住宅) on West 64th street on the western edge of Los Angeles.It is proof I lived，I grew，and I learned. Sometimes when I feel lost，I lie down and shut my eyes，and I go home.I know it’s where I’ll find m

6、y family，my dogs，and my belongings.I purposely leave the window open at night because I know I’ll be blamed by Mom.But I don’t mind，because I want to hear her say my name，which reminds me I’m home. (2013·四川，D) 43．Why does the author call her parents’ bed her “safe zone” (Paragraph 3)? A．It

7、 is her favorite place to play. B．Her needs can be satisfied there. C．Her grandparents’ photos are lined on each side. D．Her parents always play together with her there. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由文中第三段最后兩句“Their bed is my safe zone.I can jump on it anytime—waking up my parents if I am scared or if I hav

8、e an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.”可知B項正確。 44．What can be learned from the passage? A．The old furniture is still in the author’s first bedroom. B．The author can still visit her first physical home in Los Angeles. C．The author’s favorite room in her first home is the

9、 dining room. D．Many people of the author’s age can still find their first physical homes. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段末句可知A項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段“...I can see my favorite room in the house，my parents’ room.”可知C項錯誤；D項文中未提及。故選B項。 45．Sometimes when she feels lost，the author will________. A．open the window at night

10、B．lie down in bed to have a dream C．try to bring back a sense of home D．go to Los Angeles to visit her mom 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可推斷出作者感覺失落時，常常試圖找回家的感覺。故選C項。 46．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To express how much she is attached to her home. B．To declare how much she

11、loves her first house. C．To describe the state of her family. D．To look back on her childhood. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知作者旨在表達對家的無限依戀。故選A項。 技巧歸納 做事實細節(jié)題最基本也最常用的方法是題干定位法。一般在原文中找到相關的句子，然后進行比較和分析，便可確定答案。此類題通常用一些疑問詞來提問，或是判斷正誤。 趁熱打鐵 In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austr

12、ian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh.The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War. It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness，Richard Burton，Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orch

13、estras(交響樂團)．It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly. At the same time，the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a

14、 public house disused for years. Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church ha

15、lls to the people of Edinburgh. Today the “Fringe”，once less recognized，has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre groups performing，some said it was getting too big. A p

16、aid administrator was first employed only in 1971，and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries.More than 1.25 million tickets

17、 were sold.(2013·新課標全國Ⅱ，B) 40．What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning? A．To bring Europe together again. B．To honor heroes of World War Ⅱ. C．To introduce young theatre groups. D．To attract great artists from Europe. 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段最后一句指出：“The idea was to reunite Europe

18、 after the Second World War.”，即：(人們創(chuàng)設愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的)想法是團結二戰(zhàn)后的歐洲。因此，正確答案為A項。 41．Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947? A．They owned a public house there. B．They came to take up a challenge. C．They thought they were also famous. D．They wanted to take part in the festival. 答案　D

19、 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句“Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform...”，可知八個劇團不請自來的原因是他們認為每個人都應有權利來音樂節(jié)上參加表演。 42．Who joined the “Fringe” after it appeared? A．Popular writers. B．University students. C．Artists from around the world. D．Pe

20、rformers of music and dance. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。第三段和第四段提到很多大學生參加了愛丁堡音樂節(jié)，所以答案為B項。 43．We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival________. A．has become a non-official event B．has gone beyond an art festival C．gives shows all year round D．keeps growing rapidly 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“...has f

21、ar outgrown the festival...，...some said it was getting too big.”及文章最后一段中的“...eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.”可知愛丁堡音樂節(jié)發(fā)展迅速，其規(guī)模不斷變大。 活頁練(二十三) Ⅰ.單項填空 1．—It’s a lovely day，isn’t it? —Yes.I love________when the weather is like this.Why

22、don’t we sit outside and have our lunch? A．this B．that C．it D．one 答案　C 解析　本題主要考查it作形式賓語的句型。動詞love，like，hate，dislike，enjoy，prefer，appreciate等詞后一般不能直接接句子，前面要加it，然后再接when或if引導的句子。 2．Why not look up the new word in a dictionary________you don’t know it? A．if B．that C．though D．whet

23、her 答案　A 解析　why not在這里表達的是建議，因此后面表達的是條件。句意為：如果你不知道這個單詞，為什么不查一下詞典？ 3．Which do you enjoy________your weekend，swimming or fishing? A．spending B．being spent C．spend D．to spend 答案　D 解析　to spend為不定式作目的狀語，而which是enjoy的賓語。 4．I don’t have a job.I would find one but I________no time. A．had

24、 B．didn’t have C．had had D．have 答案　D 解析　解答此類題時，必須從題干中的暗示入手。I don’t have a job告訴我們現(xiàn)在的狀況，再由I would find one可知是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，因此，but后的句子應該是現(xiàn)在的事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。hu 5．The customer didn’t choose________of the coats and went away without looking at a third one. A．both B．a(chǎn)ll C．a(chǎn)ny D．either 答案　D 解析　not與

25、both，all連用為部分否定，與any either連用為完全否定。根據(jù)后半句可知用完全否定且兩個coats不可用any，故選D項。 6．Playing football and watching TV________both interesting. A．were B．was C．a(chǎn)re D．is 答案　C 解析　不定式短語或動詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)，然而此題中and連接了兩個動名詞短語，因此謂語動詞要用復數(shù)，故答案為C。 7．It must be he that has stolen Mr.Smith’s purse，________？ A．has

26、n’t he B．isn’t he C．mustn’t it D．isn’t it 答案　D 解析　強調(diào)句型的反意疑問句，現(xiàn)在或?qū)碛胕sn’t it，過去用wasn’t it。 8．In which play is________your brother appear? A．that where B．this when C．it that D．it where 答案　C 解析　It is...that是強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分是in which play。 9．He wishes to make friends with________shares

27、 his hobbies and interests. A．someone B．no matter who C．whoever D．a(chǎn)nyone 答案　C 解析　此題with后面的空格要求接一個連接代詞，這個詞必須能在從句中作主語，又能連接這個名詞性從句，整個句子作with的賓語。故選C。 10．Because of the bad weather，my mother________and lay in bed.She________for a week. A．has been ill；was ill B．fell ill；has fallen ill C．f

28、ell ill；has been ill D．fell ill；is ill 答案　C 解析　fall ill意為“患病，得病”；be ill意為“生病”，表示狀態(tài)。第一空由and后的并列謂語lay得知，應用fell ill。第二空由for a week可知應用現(xiàn)在完成時，has been ill for a week表示“病了一個星期了”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I used to believe in the American Dream，which meant a job，a mortgage(按揭)，credit cards，success.I wanted it and worke

29、d toward it like everyone else，all of us __1__ chasing the same thing. One year，through a series of unhappy events，it all fell __2__.I found myself homeless and alone.I had my truck and $56.I __3__ the countryside for some place I could rent for the __4__ possible amount.I came upon a shabby house

30、 four miles up a winding mountain road __5__the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was__6__，full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner，rented it，and __7__ a corner to camp in. The locals knew nothing about me，__8__ slowly，they started teaching me the __9__ of being a neighbor.They dropped o

31、ff blankets，candles，and tools，and began __10__ around to chat.They started to teach me a belief in a __11__ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of __12__. What I had believed in，all those things I thought were__13__ for a civilized life，were nonexistent in this place.__14__ on

32、 the mountain，my most valuable possessions were my __15__ with my neighbors. Four years later，I moved back into __16__.I saw many people were having a really hard time，__17__ their jobs and homes.I managed to rent a big enough house to __18__ a handful of people.There are four of us now in the hous

33、e，but over time I’ve had nine people come in and move on to other places.We’d all be in __19__ if we hadn’t banded together. The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one.It’s not so much about what I can get for myself；it’s about __20__ we can all get by together.(2013·江蘇) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

34、　 1．A.separately B．equally C．violently D．naturally 答案　A　 解析　句意為：我們都在各自地追求同樣的事物。separately各自地；equally平等地；violently猛烈地；naturally自然地。 2．A.off B．a(chǎn)part C．over D．out 答案　B　 解析　句意為：經(jīng)歷了一系列的不幸，一切都破碎了。fall off跌落，掉下；fall apart崩潰，破碎；fall over跌倒，摔倒；fall out掉隊，爭吵。 3．A.crossed B．left C．to

35、ured D．searched 答案　D　 解析　句意為：我在農(nóng)村尋找一處租金最便宜的地方。cross橫穿；leave離開；tour旅游；search搜尋。 4．A.fullest B．largest C．fairest D．cheapest 答案　D　 解析　根據(jù)上文語境，我無家可歸并只剩下卡車和56美元，故應是租最便宜的房子。 5．A.at B．through C．over D．round 答案　C　 解析　句意為：我在西弗吉尼亞州偶然找到了一處破舊的房子，它位于Potomac河上一條崎嶇的山路上方。 6．A.occupied

36、B．a(chǎn)bandoned C．emptied D．robbed 答案　B　 解析　句意為：它被荒廢了，到處都是碎玻璃和垃圾。occupy占領，占據(jù)；abandon廢棄，遺棄；empty空的，空虛的；rob搶劫。 7．A.turned B．a(chǎn)pproached C．cleared D．cut 答案　C　 解析　句意為：我找到了房子的主人，租下它并暫住下來。 8．A.but B．a(chǎn)lthough C．otherwise D．for 答案　A　 解析　句意為：當?shù)厝藢ξ乙粺o所知，但是，慢慢地他們開始教我成為鄰居的藝術。 9．A.benefit B．les

37、son C．nature D．a(chǎn)rt 答案　D　 解析　benefit利益，好處；lesson課程，教訓；nature自然；art藝術。 10．A.sticking B．looking C．swinging D．turning 答案　A　 解析　句意為：他們放下毛氈，蠟燭和工具，并且開始留下來聊天。stick around徘徊，逗留；look around環(huán)視；swing around到處搖擺；turn around轉身。 11．A.wild B．real C．different D．remote 答案　C　 解析　句意為：他們開始另一種不同美國夢的信

38、念，它不是個人的成就而是睦鄰友好之夢。 12．A.neighborliness B．happiness C．friendliness D．kindness 答案　A　 解析　neighborliness和睦，鄰人之誼；happiness幸福；friendliness友好；kindness善良。 13．A.unique B．expensive C．rare D．necessary 答案　D　 解析　句意為：我最初相信這些東西，在文明生活中是必需的，在這種地方是不存在的。 14．A.Up B．Down C．Deep D．Along 答案　A　 解析

39、　句意為：在山上面，我最有價值的財產(chǎn)是與鄰居的關系。up在上文中有出處。 15．A.cooperation B．relationships C．satisfaction D．a(chǎn)ppointments 答案　B　 解析　cooperation合作；relationships關系；satisfaction滿意；appointments預約。 16．A.reality B．society C．town D．life 答案　C　 解析　句意為：四年后，我搬回了城市。根據(jù)上文的countryside可推出。 17．A.creating B．losing C．

40、quitting D．offering 答案　B　 解析　句意為：我看到許多人生活艱辛，失去工作和家園。create創(chuàng)造；lose失去；quit放棄；offer提供。 18．A.put in B．turn in C．take in D．get in 答案　C　 解析　句意為：我租了一間足夠大的房子，可以容納許多人。put in放入，提交；turn in上交，告發(fā)；take in收容(某人)，收留(某人)住宿；get in進入，收獲。 19．A.yards B．shelters C．camps D．cottages 答案　B　 解析　句意為：如果我們不團

41、結起來，我們都將住在庇護所里。yard庭院；shelter庇護所，收容所；camp營地；cottage小村莊。 20．A.when B．what C．whether D．how 答案　D　 解析　句意為：它并不關乎我們?yōu)樽约旱玫绞裁?，而是關乎如何協(xié)作。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 You may think that sailing is a difficult sport，but it is really not hard to learn it.You do not need to be strong.But you need to be quick.And you need to u

42、nderstand a few basic rules about the wind. First，you must ask yourself，“Where is the wind coming from？Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？” You must think about this all the time on the boat.The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail. Let’s start with the wind blowing fr

43、om behind.This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction.Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat.It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat.Then it will catch the wind best. If the wind is blowing from the side，it is blowing across the boat.In this case，you must keep

44、 the sail half way outside the boat.It should be at a 45°angle to the boat.It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind，but it shouldn’t flap (擺動)．It shouldn’t look like a flag on a flagpole.If it is flapping，it is probably out too far，and the boat will slow down. Sailing into the wind is not po

45、ssible.If you try，the sail will flap and the boat will stop.You may want to go in that direction.It is possible，but you can’t go in a straight line.You must go first in one direction and then in another.This is called tacking.When you are tacking，you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

46、 (2012·大綱全國Ⅱ，B) 1．What should you consider first while sailing? A．Sailors’ strength. B．Wave levels. C．Wind directions. D．Size of sails. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“First，you must ask yourself，‘Where is the wind coming from？...’”可知要進行帆船運動，首先要知道的就是“風向”。A項“水手的力氣”；B項“海浪的等級”；D項“帆的大小”均不符合題意。 2．Wha

47、t does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The boat. B．The wind. C．The sail. D．The angle. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后面的“...to catch the wind...”可知只有風帆才能“鼓滿風”，因此答案應為C項。 3．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind? A．Move in a straight line. B．Allow the sail to flap. C．L

48、ower the sail. D．Tack the boat. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段主要是說明逆風行船的問題，根據(jù)“It is possible，but you can’t go in a straight line.You must go first in one direction and then in another.This is called tacking.”可知A、B、C三項均不符合題意。故D項正確。 4．Where can you probably find the text? A．In a popular magazine. B．In a t

49、ourist guidebook. C．In a physics textbook. D．In an official report. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。一般的科普性說明文大多刊登在雜志上，而不會出現(xiàn)在“旅游指南”“物理課本”里，更不可能出現(xiàn)在“官方報道”中。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 Dear Stephen， I am writing to tell you about my problem over my teacher.I don’t know what to deal with it. You know I am crazy about space travel.In

50、my spare time I often went to the library to find something to read.This makes my teacher very angrily.To him，good marks are everything and I should spend more time in my lessons. I think healthy hobbies are helpless for our studies.If I can achieve balance between my schoolwork and my hobby，it wil

51、l be of valuable to my future development.But I don’t think my teacher understands me.I feel worse about that. What shall I do？Can you offer me some suggestions？I am looking forward to hear from you. Best wishes! Li Hua 答案　 Dear Stephen， I am writing to tell you about my problem my teacher.I

52、don’t know to deal with it. You know I am crazy about space travel.In my spare time I often to the library to find something to read.This makes my teacher very .To him，good marks are everything and I should spend more time my lessons. I think healthy hobbies are for our studies.If I can achiev

53、e balance between my schoolwork and my hobby，it will be of\ valuable to my future development.But I don’t think my teacher understands me.I feel about that. What shall I do？Can you offer me some suggestions？I am looking forward to from you. Best wishes! Li Hua 考點5　細節(jié)理解之細節(jié)轉換與是非判斷題 真題解密 LON

54、DON—A British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake(假冒的) bomb detectors(探測器)to 10 years in prison，saying the man hadn’t cared about potentially deadly consequences. It is believed that James McCormick got about $77.8 million from the sales of his detectors—which were based on a ki

55、nd of golf ball finder—to countries including Iraq，Belgium and Saudi Arabia. McCormick,57，was convicted(判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London. “Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false s

56、ense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people，”Judge Richard Hone told McCormick.“You have neither regret，nor shame，nor any sense of guilt.” The detectors，sold for up to $42,000 each，were said to be able to find such dangerous objects

57、as bombs under water and from the air.But in fact they “l(fā)acked any grounding in science” and were of no use. McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya，the prison service in Hong Kong，the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand. “I never had any bad res

58、ults from customers，” he said.(2013·四川，C) 39．Why was McCormick sentenced to prison? A．He sold bombs. B．He caused death of people. C．He made detectors. D．He cheated in business. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的“fake(假冒的)bomb detector”可知選項D正確。 40．According to the judge，what McCormick had done________.

59、A．increased the cost of safeguarding B．lowered people’s guard against danger C．changed people’s idea of social security D．caused innocent people to commit crimes 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段法官Richard Hone 所言“Your cheating conduct...promoted a false sense of security and...”可知選項B為正確答案。 41．Which of the

60、 following is true of the detectors? A．They have not been sold to Africa. B．They have caused many serious problems. C．They can find dangerous objects in water. D．They don’t function on the basis of science. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可排除A項；B、C兩項文中未提及；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段第二句可知這種探測器沒有科學依據(jù)，故選D項。 42．It can be

61、 inferred from the passage that McCormick________. A．sold the equipment at a low price B．was well-known in most countries C．did not think he had committed the crime D．had not got such huge profit as mentioned in the text 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知McCormick認為自己沒有犯罪，故選C項。 技巧歸納 細節(jié)理解題也叫間接理解題，包括語意轉

62、換題、圖文轉換題和是非判斷題。 (1)語意轉換題，需要將題目信息與原文相關信息進行語意上的轉換，兩者存在表述上的差異。解答這類題目時可帶著問題，有針對性地掃讀全文，迅速鎖定相關語句，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。 (2)圖文轉換題，在閱讀理解題中，有的圖表、圖畫出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題的正文中。在解答這類題時，可采用“文字鎖定法”，找出描述圖形中的句段，采用按圖尋找答案的方法，按圖索驥，圖文互相參照、互相驗證，便可確定正確答案。 (3)是非判斷題，采用對號入座法和排除法。對號入座法就是根據(jù)關鍵詞返回原文，找出相關內(nèi)容，從中找出答案。正確答案與原文表述可能有出入，但意思一樣，萬變不離其宗。排

63、除法，針對是非判斷題中的“三錯一對”或“三對一錯”類試題，要求仔細閱讀文章，比較選項與原文的異同，然后做出正確判斷。 趁熱打鐵 The Healthy Habits Survey(調(diào)查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits.Here are some findings and expert advice. 1．How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday? ?Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush

64、 their teeth only once a day. ?Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush.Brush gently for 2 minutes，at least twice a day. 2．How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday? ?Finding：Seniors，on average，bathe fewer than 3 days a we

65、ek.And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend. ?Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day—often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth，nose，and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle.And，most important，wash your hands often with hot

66、 running water and soap for 20 seconds. 3．How often do you think about fighting germs? ?Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should. ?Step：Be aware of germs.Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海綿)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs，keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds. (2013·安徽，A) 56．What is found out about American seniors? A．Most of them have good habits. B．Nearly 30%