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1、1. claim vt. 斷言,宣稱,(根據權利)要求 claim+(that) He claimed he had not been at the scene of the crime. 他宣稱他不在犯罪現場。 claim to do sth. He claims to have written the article in two days. 他聲稱只用兩天就把文章寫成了。vt. 認領 I lost my umbrella, but claimed it at the lost property office. 我把傘丟了,后來在失物招領處認領回來了。n. 要求(所有權) He has t

2、he best claim to the honour. 他最有資格獲得這個榮譽。 1. 他宣稱他曾經來過這里。 _2. 他聲稱擁有那個公司。 _3. 有人認領過這個鉛筆盒嗎？ _4. 政府甚至不考慮他的賠款要求。 _ _He claimed that he had been here before. He claimed to own that company. Has anyone claimed this pencil box?The government would not even consider his claim for money. 2. on behalf of sb.與o

3、n ones behalf 代表/代替某人；為了某人；為幫助某人 On behalf of my colleagues and myself Id like to give a warm welcome to you all. 我愿代表我的同事及我個人向大家表示熱烈 歡迎。When giving a speech on behalf of his class, Wang Kai was too nervous to speak a word.代表他們班講話的時候,王凱緊張得一句話也說不出來。You really neednt appreciate him; he did it just on

4、behalf of himself.你真的不需要感謝他,他那樣做只是為了他自己。1. 為了祖國,你必須好好學習。 _ _2. 我今天所說的只是代表我個人,并不代表 其他任何人。 _ _You must work hard on behalf of our country.What I said today is only on behalf of myself, not anyone else.3. threaten vt. 威脅；恐嚇 He threatened that he would make it public. 他威脅說要公開那件事。 The black clouds threat

5、ened rain. 烏云密布預示著將要下雨。 threaten to do sth. 威脅要做某事The boss threatened to fire him. 老板威脅要開除他。threat n. 恐嚇,威脅；兆頭；構成威脅之物(人)Wild life is under threat everywhere.野生生物到處受到 (滅絕的) 威脅。There was a threat of typhoon.有刮臺風的征兆。( )1. Her brother _ to leave her in the dark room alone if she disobeyed his order. A.

6、declared B. threatened C. warned D. exclaimed2. 他的出現對我們的成功是一個威脅。 _BHis presence is a threat to our success.4. rate n. 速度；比率；費用；等級 The rate of interest is 5 percent. 利率是5%。 That book is only second rate. 那本書只是二流作品。 at the rate of 以的比率/速度 The train was going at the rate of 95 kilometres an hour. 火車正以每

7、小時95公里的速度前進。vt. 對作評估/評價 My daughter is rated very high in her class. 我的女兒在班上的評價很高。 at the price of 以的價格at the speed of 以的速度at the temperature of 以的溫度1.護士們正在要求提高工資。 _2.他激動起來說話特快。 _3.她被公認為是最杰出的現代詩人之一。 _ _Nurses are demanding higher rates of pay. When he is excited he talks at a great rate.She is gener

8、ally rated as one of the best modern poets.5. range n. (氣溫、價格等的)幅度；范圍、區(qū)域 beyond / out of ones range 超出某人的范圍 within the range of 在范圍之內 Several cars are available within this price range. 在這個價格范圍內,有好幾種汽車可供選購。 The price of the house is well beyond our range. 這棟房子的價格遠遠超出我們能承受的范圍。vi. (范圍)涉及、擴展 range from

9、to范圍從到 Our conversation ranged over many topics. 我們的談話涉及很多話題。 The temperature ranges from ten to thirty degrees. 氣溫在10至30度之間。 1. 那個退休老師的興趣非常廣泛。 _ _2.孩子們的年齡在8歲到15歲之間。 _ The retired teacher has a very wide range of interests.The childrens ages range from 8 to 15. 6. with的復合結構with復合結構的構成形式是：with+賓語(由 名

10、詞或代詞充當)+賓語補足語(由現在分詞、 過去分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞短 語等充當)。賓語與賓補之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系。在句中作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語, 也可以作定語。用法A. with+n. / pron.+adv. He went out with the lights on. 他走的時候燈還亮著。B. with+n. / pron.+prep. Soon he came to a river with a wooden bridge over it. 不久,他來到了架有木頭橋的河邊。 She came in angrily with a knife in her hand

11、. 她氣憤地沖進來,手里拿著一把刀。C. with+n. / pron.+adj. He went away with his face black. 他很生氣地走了。D. with+n. / pron.+to do With a lot of housework to do, I wont go to the cinema tonight. 有那么多家務要做,我今晚不去看電影了。E. with+n. / pron.+done With his project finished, he went on a holiday to China. 工程完成后他去了中國旅游。F. with+n. /

12、pron.+doing He stood there with his eyes looking at the beautiful girl in blue. 他站在那里,眼睛看著穿藍色衣服的那個漂 亮女孩。1. The child likes to sleep _ (開著窗).2. _(由于 有這位老人帶路), we had no trouble in finding the place.3. All the afternoon he worked _ _(鎖著門).with the window openWith the old man leading the road with the

13、door locked4. The woman _(抱著 孩子) is my aunt from Shanghai.5. _(要是體 溫降下來), the patient can take the medicine.with a baby in her armsWith the temperature falling down7. considerate與considerable 這兩個詞都是形容詞,他們之間的區(qū)別主要表現在意義上,在用法上也有一些區(qū)別,具體如下：considerate具有“考慮周到的,體貼的”的意 思(常與of/to/towards連用)。 It was considerat

14、e of you to bring me so much food and clothes. 你考慮得真周到,給我?guī)н@么多吃的和穿的。 We young generation should be considerate towards the happiness of the old. 我們年青一代應該考慮到老人們的幸福。considerable則表示“值得考慮的,重要的, 可觀的,相當的”,該詞往往作定語。 There was a considerable growth of education in China in the 1990s. 在20世紀90年代,中國的教育有了相當大的 發(fā)展。

15、 Mr. Smith was a considerable figure in local politics. 史密斯先生是當地政界一名響當當的人物。用considerate, considerable填空1. I have given _ thought to the matter.2. It is _ of you to call on your relatives from time to time.3. He is no more _ of others than his brother is.4. The losses are _.considerableconsideratecon

16、siderateconsiderable1. Over the last 100 years, the global average temperature has increased by 1 and many experts insist that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human activities. 在過去的100年里，全球的平均溫度增加了 1華氏度，許多專家堅持認為，在很大程度 上，人類的活動要對全球變暖負責。 in / over the last / pastyears, 意為“在過去的

17、年中”,在句中作時間狀語,主句通常會用現在完成時。 介詞by常用來表示變化的幅度及大小差距等,在句中作狀語。 After a heavy rain, the water in the river has risen by 30cm. 大雨過后,河里的水漲了30厘米。 insist引導的that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human activities為賓語從句。insist在此意為“堅持說”,賓語從句中的謂語動詞使用陳述語氣。當insist意為“堅持要求”時,賓語從句中的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。He ins

18、isted that he didnt steal the wallet.他堅持說他沒有偷錢包。He insisted that we should set out early.他堅持要求我們早點出發(fā)。2. Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence. 鑒于這些數據，可見人類活動和全球溫度升 高的聯(lián)系不僅僅是一個偶然。 given在這里不是過去分詞,而是介詞,它在此 的意思為“考慮到,鑒于”,

19、介詞短語given this data在句中作狀語。Given his age, we should give him more help.考慮到他的年齡,我們應該給予他更多的幫助。that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence在句中作賓語。It seems that為固定句型用來婉轉地陳述意見、看法、主張或得出結論。It seems that no one will be fit for the position.似乎沒人能勝任這個職位。1. 考

20、慮到沒有多少時間，我認為他們算是做得不錯。_2. 似乎我們必須得請醫(yī)生了。_【答案】1. Given that there was so little time, I think theyve done a good job.2. It seems that we have to send for a doctor.文化文化(讀寫任務讀寫任務) 2010年6月，隨著“端午節(jié)起源”事件所引發(fā)的討論，文化這個話題又大熱起來。文化是一個非常廣泛的概念，所涉及的比較熱點的問題如：傳統(tǒng)文化的流失；如何保護傳統(tǒng)文化；文化的重要意義；文化沖擊；中西方文化的差異等。實用表達：traditional cultu

21、re 傳統(tǒng)文化the importance of culture protection保護文化的重要性treasure traditional culture 珍惜傳統(tǒng)文化a culture exchange 文化交流culture shock 文化沖擊raise the awareness of 增強的意識culture difference 文化差異treat sth. in a fair way 公平對待某事different cultures and histories 不同的文化和歷史have impacts on 對有影響It is undeniable that 毫無疑問Misu

22、nderstanding between races is reduced.不同國家間的誤解減少了。Protecting traditional cultures is protecting ourselves.保護傳統(tǒng)文化就是保護我們自己。 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 Australia is not an old country. Many years past, the people in Australia become a nation. Then in 1901, the Commonwealth of Australia was found. Au

23、stralia became a country. But before the white came to this land, Aboriginals have lived there more than 42,000 years. When the white came to Australia, Aboriginals painful memory began. In early Australia, Aboriginals were very misery. Their life was changed when the white came. The white brought d

24、eath, illness. The Aboriginal were ruled by the white, having no right. And the white want to break the Aboriginals own life. The white want to cut the Aboriginals culture and let them become white. Then Aboriginal will become white, and they will lose their culture. Aboriginal will disappear from t

25、he earth. We can know this from the film named “Rabbit Proof Fence”. Now the plan is stopped, Aboriginals can live their life. Until 1967, Australia people voted to pass a law, which protects Aboriginal. From that time on, Aboriginal have their right. 【寫作內容寫作內容】 1以約30個詞概括短文的要點。 2然后用約120個詞就“怎么看待不同的歷史

26、、文化”這個主題發(fā)表你的看法，并包括下面要點： (1)不同的歷史文化的存在是非常必要的。 (2)對不同歷史文化的保護，是對人類社會歷史的承認； (3)作為學生，我們應該做些什么？ 【寫作要求寫作要求】 1作文中可使用自己的親身經歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2標題自定。 該篇讀寫任務所給文章介紹了澳大利亞政府對本國土著居民先后不同的態(tài)度。在概括時要包含以下要點：In early Australia, Aboriginals were very misery. Their life is changed when the white came. / Now

27、 the plan is stopped, Aboriginals can live their life. Until 1967, Australia people voted pass the law, which protects Aboriginals. From that time on, Aboriginals have their right. 寫作要點要討論“怎么看待不同的歷史、文化”問題，屬于評論性文字和結論性的觀點，故用一般現在時或一般將來時態(tài)。對于要點(1)“不同的歷史文化的存在是非常必要的”和要點(2)“對不同歷史文化的保護，是對人類社會歷史的承認”，都屬于說明性的問題

28、，我們除了要陳述這兩層意思之外，還要用一定篇幅來談不同的歷史文化存在的必要性，比如不同的文化讓我們的生活豐富多彩等，這樣才不會讓我們的論點抽象、空洞，內容干癟。要點(3)“作為學生，我們應該做些什么？”是對“保護歷史文化”而言，在這個要求層面下，我們可以從增強保護歷史文化的意識以及積極響應一些保護歷史文化的措施進行闡述。 We Should Treat the History in a Fair Way In the passage, we know that the white destroyed the history of the Aboriginals, which caused a

29、serious result. And later the Australian does their best to protect this oldest human culture. I agree with the view that the Australian people have taken action to protect the history of the Aboriginals. All the cultures are the wealth which our ancestors left to us. Different cultures and historie

30、s make a wonderful world, which can lead us to a happy life. So it is necessary for them to exist in our world. Every one of us has the responsibilities to protect them，for to protect them is to take humans history seriously. As students, we should have the awareness of protecting the cultures of ou

31、r nation. And we should do everything to help the government with the protection of the culture. 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 China is a multiethnic nation, with 5,000 years of history and a splendid ancient civilization. This has endowed the country with extremely rich cultural heritage. But, with

32、 changes in peoples work habits and lifestyles, many traditional and folk cultures are on the verge of extinction. To protect such intangible cultural heritage, so that communities and groups have a sense of identity and continuity, the country has made a lot of efforts in recent years, including ma

33、king laws in this regard. At the ongoing annual session of the National Peoples Congress, some deputies are discussing ways to better protect the treasures of our nation. 【寫作內容寫作內容】 某中學生英文報就“保護中國傳統(tǒng)文化”為主題舉行英語征文活動。你閱讀了上述文章后，準備給該報投稿，稿件內容包括： 1以約30個詞概括以上短文內容。 2然后以約120個詞談談你的觀點，并包括以下要點： (1)保護中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重要性； (2

34、)列舉12個你所知道的國家或當地政府文化保 護的事例； (3)談談你對文化保護的建議。 【寫作要求寫作要求】 1作文中可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2標題自定。_ One possible version： Protect Traditional Chinese Culture The passage tells us traditional Chinese culture, which is challenged or facing extinction because of the developing society and

35、 changing lifestyle. But to our delight, China is nationwide sparing no effort to protect it. The protection of national and folk culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity and also to the harmonious development between local economic and social development. It is reported that t

36、he Guangdong government pays special attention to protecting Chaoju(潮劇), a local drama born in Chaozhou in the eastern Guangdong province. In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively. To start with, we should make a law to regulate the societys performance. Besides, we should draw more peoples attention to it, for the more they know about the importance of culture protection, the stronger the support we can get from the public. In a word, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture.