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1、動詞的語態(tài)1被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 分析近3年甘肅中考真題可以看出，動詞的語態(tài)跟動詞的時(shí)態(tài)一樣，屬于每年中考的重點(diǎn)。涉及題型主要在語法與情景對話、完形填空和詞匯考查中。一般會和時(shí)態(tài)合在一起考查，考生在做題時(shí)，可以根據(jù)語態(tài)排除錯誤選項(xiàng)，最后再細(xì)讀題干，判斷哪種時(shí)態(tài)，最終確定答案。時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成例句例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（2017省卷78題）am/is/are+動詞的過去分詞The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打掃。一般過去時(shí)（2016省卷38題）was/were+動詞的過去分詞The dumplings were made yeste

2、rday. 餃子是昨天包的。1.中考需掌握的各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成見下表：中考需掌握的各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成見下表：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成例句例句一般將來時(shí)（2015蘭州36題）will/shall be+動詞的過去分詞A new hospital will be built next year. 明年一個新的醫(yī)院將被建立。含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞的過去分詞The work must be finished on time. 這項(xiàng)工作必須按時(shí)完成。2.主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)的方法主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)的方法3.被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊情況被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊情況（1）make, s

3、ee, watch, hear, notice, feel等實(shí)義動詞或感官動詞在主動語態(tài)中與省略to的動詞不定式連用，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，必須還原to。如：I often see the old man run in the morning. 我經(jīng)?？匆娺@位老人在早上跑步。The old man is often seen to run in the morning. 這位老人常被看見在早上跑步。（2）一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時(shí)，動詞短語應(yīng)視為一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。如：The little dog must be looked after well. 這只小狗必須被好好照顧。4.

4、主動語態(tài)表示被動意義的幾種情況主動語態(tài)表示被動意義的幾種情況（1）不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見的動詞是：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。如：The books sell well. 這些書銷售得很好。（2）系動詞無被動語態(tài)。如：The apples taste nice. 蘋果嘗起來很好吃。（3）不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語有動賓關(guān)系。如：The question is difficult to answer. 這個問題很難回答。（4）“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”這個結(jié)

5、構(gòu)也表達(dá)了一種被動的意思。如：Ill have the bike repaired soon. 我將盡快請人修理這輛自行車。（5）在need后面，接動詞的-ing形式表達(dá)被動的意思。如：Your vegetables need watering. 你的蔬菜需要澆水了。2被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)的用法1.不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 昨天晚上一些新電腦被偷了。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。如：The homework must be handed in on time. 家庭作業(yè)必須按時(shí)

6、交上來?？键c(diǎn)小練1.You (give) another day to make your own decision.2.During the Spring Festival, paper cuttings (put) on windows, doors and walls.3.Chinese New Year (call) the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.will be givenare putis called3.說話或發(fā)表意見時(shí)，為了顯得客觀公正，也常用被動語態(tài)。常用句型：It is said that據(jù)說；It is re

7、ported that據(jù)報(bào)道；It is hoped that希望；It is believed that人們相信；It is (well) known that眾所周知7.We to start at once, or we will miss the train. A. tell B. have told C. are told D. told8.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. shouldnt be thrown C. neednt throw D. shoul

8、dnt throw 9.A wonderful English speech contest in the school hall next Monday. A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will giveCBC4.Sorry, you cant take this seat. It (take).5.You should try your best to make sure that the plant (water) once a day if you want it to grow well.6.Many houses by the earthquake and thousands of people became homeless. A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaging D. are damagedwas takenis wateredB