Unit 4　Making the news [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] 1.eager adj.　　　　渴望的；熱切的 2.acquire vt. 獲得；取得；學到 3.assess vt. 評估；評定 4.inform vt. 告知；通知 5.deliberately adv. 故意地 6.accuse vt. 指責；譴責；控告 7.demand n. 需求；要求 　 　vt. 強烈要求 8.case n. 情況；病例；案例 9.editor n. 編輯 10.delighted adj.快樂的；欣喜的→delight n．快樂；高興 vt.使高興；使愉快 11.admirable adj.值得贊揚的；令人欽佩的→admire vt.欽佩；羨慕 12.assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→assistance n．幫助；協(xié)助→assistant n．助手；助理；售貨員 13.profession n．職業(yè)；專業(yè)→professional adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的 n．專業(yè)人員 14.concentrate vi.&vt.集中；聚集→concentration n．集中 15.approve vt.贊成；認可；批準→approval n．贊許；贊成；同意 16.appointment n．任命；委派；約會→appoint vt.任命；委派 17.guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；內(nèi)疚的→guilt n．罪行；有罪 18.accurate adj.精確的；正確的→accurately adv.精確地；準確地→accuracy n．精確度；準確性 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.It seems strange that he should have missed the deadline deliberately (deliberate)． 2.Mary must have done something wrong, because she’s looking so guilty (guilt)． 3.I can’t give my approval (approve) to such an arrangement. 4.To his delight,_he took first place in the exam. His parents were delighted to know about it.(delight) 5.Professor Smith, who is famous in the medical profession,_is paying a professional visit to our college.(profession) 6.He has just been appointed to the position of Export Manager for the company. He will have an appointment with his first foreign customers tonight.(appointment) 7.The assistant is ready to assist others. When you require assistance,_he is sure to come.(assist) 8.We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists are very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills.(admire) 1.“新聞制造者”們 ①editor n．　　　　　編輯 ②journalist n. 記者 ③reporter n. 記者 ④photographer n. 攝影師 ⑤chief editor n. 主編 2.“贊成”與“反對”的高頻詞匯薈萃 (1)贊成；支持 ①approve vt.　　　　批準；贊同 ②favour vt.& n. 贊成 ③support vt. 支持 ④back up 支持 ⑤be in favour of 支持 (2)反對 ①oppose vt. 反對 ②object vi. 反對 ③disapprove vt. 反對；不同意 ④object to 反對 ⑤be opposed to 反對 ⑥be against 反對 3.與“犯罪”相關(guān)的高頻單詞集錦 ①guilt n. 有罪；罪行 ②crime n. 罪行；犯罪 ③accuse vt. 控告；指控 ④charge vi. 控告 ⑤commit vt. 犯(罪) ⑥punish vt. 懲罰；處罰 ⑦release vt. 釋放；免除 ⑧sentence vt. 判決；宣判 [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] 1.concentrate_on　　　集中；全神貫注于 2.depend_on 依靠；依賴 3.accuse_...of 因……指責或控 告…… 4.so_as_to_(do_sth.) 為了(做)…… 5.ahead_of 在……前面 6.have_a_nose_for_... 對……很敏感；善于發(fā)現(xiàn)…… 7.inform_sb.of_sth. 通知某人某事 8.keep/bear_in_mind 記住 9.look_forward_to 盼望 10.pass_..._on_to 把……傳給…… 11.in_a_dilemma 處于兩難的境地 選用左欄短語填空 1.The manager concentrated_on his job, so he did not hear the loud noise outside his office. 2.The people of the whole country accused the terrorists of their cruelty. 3.China is paying more and more attention to education so_as_to catch up with advanced countries in science and technology. 4.Andrew returned to the room and informed me of his decision. 5.You can depend_on him, for he is a man of his word. “v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)大集合 ①inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ②warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 ③cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某病 ④remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 ⑤suspect sb. of sth. 懷疑某人某事 ⑥r(nóng)ob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某物 ⑦convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 ⑧accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 ⑨require sb. of sth. 要求某人某事 ⑩relieve sb. of sth. 減輕某人某事 [背原句] [記句式] [會仿用] 1.Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 周陽永遠不會忘記他在一家暢銷英文報紙的第一項工作任務(wù)。 never置于句首，句子用部分倒裝。 我再也不到那家快餐店吃東西了，我對那里的服務(wù)不滿意。 Never again will_I_eat in the fast food restaurant, whose service I am not satisfied with. 2.His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. 他與他的新老板胡新的討論對他的記者生涯必將產(chǎn)生重要影響。 be to do在句中表示后來發(fā)生的事，常譯為“注定會……；一定……”。 這個發(fā)現(xiàn)對心臟病的治療必將產(chǎn)生重大影響。 This discovery is_to_have a great effect on the treatment of heart disease. 3.Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？ 你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你的記者，說他(她)們的報道完全失實？ where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞a case。 今天，我們將討論一下許多英語的初學者不能正確使用語言的情況。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 1．inform vt.通知；告知 [教材原句]　They must use research to inform them­selves of the missing parts of the story. 他們必須通過調(diào)查研究來獲悉被遺漏的那部分情況。 (1)inform sb.of sth.　 　 告訴某人某事；通知某人某事 inform sb.that/when/how ... 通知某人…… keep sb.informed (of) 使某人隨時了解(……)最新情況 (2)information n．[U] 通知；消息；情報；信息 ①Had I informed_him_of_the_exact_time for the meeting earlier, he wouldn’t have been late yesterday. 要是我早一點通知他開會的準確時間，昨天他就不會遲到。 ②The newspapers keep us informed (inform) of what is going on around us at any time. 報紙讓我們隨時了解我們周圍發(fā)生的事情。 ③If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information (inform)．(2015·北京高考書面表達) 如果你對此感興趣，請讓我知道，我會給你發(fā)送更多的信息。 2．case n．情況；病例；案例 [高考佳句]　In that case, I shall direct many good movies for the audience.(2014·新課標全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文) 那種情況下，我將為觀眾導演很多好電影。 in case (that)　　　　　 假使；以防萬一 in case of 假如發(fā)生；萬一發(fā)生 in any case 無論如何 in no case 決不(放在句首時，用部分倒裝) in this/that case 假使這樣/那樣的話 as is often the case 這 是常有的事 ①Leave your key with your neighbor in_case you lock yourself out one day.(2012·遼寧高考單選) 把你的鑰匙留給你的鄰居，以防你某天把自己鎖在外面了。 ②There is no simple answer, as_is_often_the_case in science.(2013·山東高考單選) 科學往往如此，它沒有一個簡單的答案。 [熟詞生義]　選擇句中case的含義 ③Unless we have enough evidence, we can’t win the case.(2013·重慶高考單選) A．情況　　　　 B．病例　　　　　C．案件 答案：C 3．demand n．要求；需要vt.強烈要求 [教材原句]　It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. 這是一個兩難問題，因為如果我們錯了，足球隊員就可以要求補償損失。 (1)be in (great) demand　　　 (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demands 滿足某人的需求 (2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……(從句用虛擬語氣，should可以省略) (3)demanding adj. 高要求的；要求嚴格的 ①First, science graduates are in_greater_demand than arts ones in China.(2012·安徽高考書面表達) 首先，在中國，對理科畢業(yè)生的需求比對文科生的更大。 ②The manager promised that they would try to meet_their_customers’_demands. 經(jīng)理許諾他們會盡力滿足顧客的需求。 ③The manager demanded that the workers (should)_work (work) extra hours to complete the task ahead of time. 經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　請寫出除demand之外后接賓語從句中用虛擬語氣的其他動詞。 advise,_suggest,_desire,_command,_recommend,_urge,_order,_require,_request,_prefer等。 4．a(chǎn)pprove vt.贊成；認可；批準 [教材原句]　Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. 最后主編審讀了這篇稿子，并且批準發(fā)表了。 (1)approve sth.　　　　　　 批準；通過某事 approve of (sb./sb.’s) doing sth. 贊同/同意(某人)做某事 (2)approval n. 贊成；同意；批準；通過 get one’s approval 得到某人的同意 give one’s approval to 同意；批準 ①Her father will never approve of her marrying (marry) such a lazy fellow. 她父親永遠不會贊成她嫁給這樣的懶人。 ②If only the committee would_approve (approve) the regulations and put them into effect. 要是委員會能批準那些規(guī)章制度并使之生效就好了。 ③I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve). (2011·重慶高考書面表達) 如果你同意我的申請，我將非常感激。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練 單句語法填空/補全句子 1．My husband who is three years senior to me, is very considerate and always places me in the first place. 2．The newly­appointed mayor was said to be accused of cheating on his income tax. 3．You should keep us informed (inform) whenever you are in trouble. 4．It is every citizen’s demand that the murderer who killed three children (should)_be_punished (punish)． 5．My parents didn’t approve of my leaving school this year and I had to accept it. 6．The knowledge acquired (acquire) in one’s childhood will make a stronger impression on him than what he learns at any other life stage. 7．The new edition textbook published (publish) by the Department of Education last month is popular with students. 8．(2014·安徽高考書面表達)There’s_no_denying (不可否認) that a positive attitude towards life will be very helpful in lifting your spirits. Ⅱ.重難點多練 case面面觀 句式升級 ①You’d better take an umbrella in case of the rain. →You’d better take an umbrella in_case_it_rains.(改為狀語從句) ②Mr. Chen is very strict. Anybody should in no case be allowed to be late for his class. →Mr. Chen is very strict. In_no_case_should_anybody_be_allowed_to_be_late_for his class.(改為倒裝句) ③It is said that we’ll have to do extra work on Sunday. In that case, we can’t go to a movie. →It is said that we’ll have to do extra work on Sunday, in_which_case_we_can’t_go_to_a_movie.(改為定語從句) Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出senior的詞性和詞義 (A)adj.年長的　　　　　　 (B)adj.高級的；級別較高的 (C)n.年長的人 (D)n.上級；上司 1．She was appreciated both by her colleagues and her seniors.__D__ 2．I have ten years’ experience at senior management level. __B__ 3．The old man took a train for free with his senior railcard.__A__ 4．My brother is my senior by two years.__C__ 1．concentrate on集中；全神貫注于 [高考佳句]　Secondly, concentrate on some positive and relaxing things.(2014·安徽高考書面表達) 其次，將注意力集中在一些積極的、休閑的事情上。 (1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 　　　　　　　 專心(做)某事 concentrate one’s mind/one’s attention/oneself on 集中注意力于；致力于；專心于 (2) focus on 集中精力于 fix/focus one’s mind/attention on/upon ... 集中注意力于…… (3)concentration n. 集中；專心 ①For example, I can just concentrate on reading (read) for a short time.(2013·四川高考書面表達) 例如，我只能短時間內(nèi)專心讀書。 ②Speaking on the phone requires concentration (concentrate) and takes a driver’s attention from the road. 打電話需要集中注意力，這樣就分散了司機對路面的注意力。 2．depend on依靠；依賴 [教材原句]　Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. 同時，你還要根據(jù)被采訪人所說的話準備提出下一個問題。 (1)depend on sb.to do sth.　　　 依靠某人做某事 depend on sb.for sth. 依靠某人供給某物 depend on/upon it that ... 指望；對……深信 不疑 (2)That depends./It all depends. 視情況而定。 (3)rely on/count on 依靠 ①When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.(2014·陜西高考單選) 延時航班何時起飛主要取決于天氣。 ②You can depend on/upon it that such a boring thing will never happen again. 你放心好了，這種無聊的事絕不會再發(fā)生了。 ③—Can you finish the work before Sunday? —That_depends./It_all_depends. ——你可以在星期天之前完成這項工作嗎？ ——這要看情況而定。 3．Never_will_Zhou_Yang(ZY)forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 周陽永遠不會忘記他在一家暢銷英文報紙的第一項工作任務(wù)。 (1)此句為倒裝句。否定副詞never置于句首，句子需用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be提到主語之前。 (2)常用否定副詞和含有否定意義的介詞短語還有：not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。 ①The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have_they_quarrelled with each other. 這對老夫婦已經(jīng)結(jié)婚40年了，這些年里他們從沒吵過架。 ②On no condition can_we_give_up_our_dreams;_only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.(2014·山東高考寫作) 我們決不能放棄夢想，只有我們堅持自己的夢想，才能夠克服各種挑戰(zhàn)。 ③Hardly had_I_finished_the_work_when the telephone rang. 我一做完工作電話鈴就響了。 4．Have you ever had a_case_where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你的記者，說他(她)們的報道完全失實？ 本句為where引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞a case。當先行詞為抽象地點名詞case, situation, position, atmosphere, stage, family, activity和point等且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用where或in which來引導定語從句。 ①I can think of many cases where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. 我能想出許多情況，學生知道許多英語詞匯卻寫不出好文章。 ②I am looking for a position where my research and writing skills can be made good use of. 我正在找一份能充分利用我的研究和寫作才能的工作。 [名師指津]　抽象地點名詞后的定語從句中如果關(guān)系詞作主語或賓語則需要用that或which引導。 ③This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that/which many others are short of. 這家餐館有一種誘人的、如家一般的氛圍，這是很多其他餐館所沒有的。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending (depend) on your different answers. ②Generally speaking, a political leader should have a good nose for current affairs. ③You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead of us. ④He has been working hard so as to_have (have) enough money to buy an apartment in the future. ⑤She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job. 2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞) (1)If you concentrate on English, you will master the language. ①Concentrate on English, and you will master the language. ②Concentrating on English will enable you to master the language. (2)He didn’t realize the importance of English until he began to work. ①Not until he began to work did he realize the importance of English. ②It was not until he began to work that he realized the importance of English. 3．運用所學短語完成下列語段 As a journalist, not only does Li Qiang ①have_a_good_nose_for (對……很敏感) news, but he also has admirable professional skills. Before every interview, he ②concentrates_on (集中精力) preparing for it. In the process of an interview, he can acquire the information he needs ③depending_on (依靠) what the interviewee answers and meanwhile comes up with the next question. But one day he ④was_accused_of (被指控) getting the wrong end of the stick, which made him very surprised. Ⅱ.重難點多練 抽象地點名詞后的定語從句點點練 (1)單句語法填空 ①The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in. ②I begin to realize that university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations that appear in the working world. ③All the neighbours admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2)句式升級(用定語從句連接) ④Students should involve themselves in community activities. They can gain experience for growth in the community activities. →Students should involve themselves in community activities where_they_can gain experience for growth. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．It is demanded that the books (should)_be_returned (return) to the school library within two weeks. 2．Our software, unless updated (update) on a regular basis, may not serve us well in our work. 3．Being_informed (inform) timely will help you prepare interesting questions beforehand. 4．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up being accused of causing her injury. 5．He is a gifted (gift) musician and promises to be a famous musician. 6．To_acquire (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school. 7．Many journalists (journal) as well as photographers have been invited to their opening ceremony. 8．Betty is a promising young poet. So far over ten of her poems have_been_published (publish) in magazines. 9．The diligent man is to_achieve (achieve) his goal, because he spares no effort to do the best for every detail. 10．I have an appointment (appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．He is in a dangerous situation where he doesn’t know how to deal with. where→that/which或去掉where 2．You’ll be faced with two choices — whether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work.depend→depending 3．You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows.去掉of 4．My parents don’t approve me making friends with him.approve后加of 5．It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for.must→should或去掉must 6．He didn’t notice his mother enter his room with his attention concentrating on the computer games.concentrating→concentrated Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成下列寫作訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 To be a good journalist is my dream. However (besides/however/meanwhile), I know the key to becoming_a_journalist (成為一名記者) is working experience. That is why I am working for China Daily now. Now and then I will be_sent_to_cover (被派遣采訪) the stories happening in the campus, because I have_a_good_nose_for (對……很敏感) news. To_acquire_all_the_information (為獲得所有的信息), I ask many different questions. I concentrate_on_listening_to (集中精力聽) detailed facts. Meanwhile (同時), I have to prepare the next question depending_on_what_they_say (取決于他們說什么). I slow down the process on purpose so_as_to_ (為了) let myself have more time to think. In addition, being a good journalist needs to be very careful and diligent. ①To write a good article, I should not only interview many people but also I should take_many photographs (拍許多照片). ②Although it is hard, I find the job fun and rewarding. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑單詞或短語 (1)on purpose→deliberately (2)needs→demands 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用倒裝句改寫句① To write a good article, not only should_I_interview_many_people but also I should take many photographs. (2)用倒裝句改寫句② Hard_as/though_it_is,_I find the job fun and rewarding. 12