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1、題型組合訓(xùn)練十六（A） 閱讀理解 　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 A (2018遼寧大連一模) Moonshaker G.V. Chillingsworth Softcover 9781466906358 Price:$14.50　Pages:186 www. trafford. com When space plans to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it. However, not everyone wishes for change, and

2、conflicts lead to a new fight. The crew must now work together in order to get back. The War Around Us Wolfgang Peter May Softcover 9781426921452 Price:$25.99　Pages:460 As a young child, Wolfgang Peter May fled from his home and saw the destruction of Dresden. He eventually joined the US Arm

3、y. In The War Around Us, May explores and debates many faces of war and delivers a hard-hitting, first-person look at the true face of war. The Old Man and the Sea Ernest Hemingway Hardcover 9780684830490 Price:$14.99　Pages:132 The Old Man and the Sea is a novel written by Ernest Hemingway i

4、n 1951. It won him the Nobel Prize for Literature and tells the story of Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant fish far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba. Although the book is only two hours’ worth of reading, this delightful tale will remain in your memory for year

5、s to come. Little Women Louisa May Alcott Softcover 9780553212754 Price:$29.99　Pages:560 Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott, which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869. Alcott wrote the books over several months at the request of her publisher. F

6、ollowing the lives of the four March sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy—the novel details their passage from childhood to womanhood and is loosely based on the author and her three sisters. Order these books online and you can get a 20% discount. 1.If you are interested in science fiction, which book

7、 will you choose to read?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Moonshaker. B.The War Around Us. C.The Old Man and the Sea. D.Little Women. 2.How much does it cost to order The War Around Us online? A.$14.99. B.$25.99. C.$20.79. D.$23.79. 3.Whose book tells a story set in Cuba? A.Ernest Hemingway’s. B.Wolfgang

8、 Peter May’s. C.G.V. Chillingsworth’s. D.Louisa May Alcott’s. 答案 [語篇解讀]　本文為一則廣告,介紹了四本在售書籍。 1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一本書的介紹可知,這是一本科幻小說。由此判斷對科幻小說感興趣的人會選擇這本書。 2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二本書The War Around Us的定價為25.99美元,但是文章最后提到如果網(wǎng)購的話會有20%的折扣,由此可知C項正確。 3.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三本書的介紹中an aged Cuban fisherman和off the coast of Cuba可知書中的故事發(fā)生

9、在古巴,故A項正確。 B (2018廣東深圳一次調(diào)研) The arm bones of women who lived 7,000 years ago show a surprising level of strength—even higher than today’s professional athletes. That’s according to a first-ever study comparing prehistoric(史前的)bones to those of living people. The finding suggests a revision of his

10、tory—the everyday lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men struggled and fought for life. “Before the study, there are no clear records describing how our ancient ancestors lived. It can be easy to forget that the bon

11、e is living tissue, one that responds to the difficulties we put our bodies through,” said the lead author Alison Macintosh. “Physical force and muscle activity both put pressure on the bone. The bone reacts by changing in shape, thickness and other aspects over time.” “Previous studies only compar

12、ed female bones to contemporary male bones,” the researchers said, “and that’s a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women. For instance, as humans moved from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a more settled agrarian(耕地的)one, changes could be obs

13、erved in the structure of the shinbone(脛骨)and these changes were much more evident in men.” However, a comparison of the bones of prehistoric women and the bones of living female athletes can help us work out a more accurate picture of what those prehistoric women were doing. “By analyzing the bone

14、s of living people and comparing them to the ancient bones, we can start to explain the kinds of labor our ancestors were performing,” Macintosh said. What they found was that women’s leg strength hasn’t changed a great deal, but their arms used to be very powerful. Prehistoric women, the researcher

15、s found, had arm strength 11%—16% stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30% stronger than those of non-athletes. 4.What does the study tell about prehistoric women? A.They were stronger than men. B.They had lighter bones than men. C.They did tough tasks as the men. D.They spent most time st

16、aying at home. 5.What problem did previous studies on prehistoric bones have? A.They lacked enough comparison. B.They only studied men’s bones. C.They focused little on bones. D.They ignored the lifestyles. 6.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.Bones’ structure. B

17、.Bones’ thickness. C.Bones’ response to stress. D.Bones’ stress from hard labor. 7.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.It’s still hard to explain our ancestors’ lifestyle. B.Prehistoric women went through much suffering. C.Women’s arms have become much stronger over time. D.Prehistor

18、ic women are stronger than contemporary females. 答案 [語篇解讀]　本文為說明文。研究表明:7000年前女性的臂力比現(xiàn)在專業(yè)運(yùn)動員的都要強(qiáng)。 4.C　事實細(xì)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:關(guān)于史前女性,該研究講述了什么?根據(jù)第一段中的The finding suggests a revision of history—the everyday lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter ta

19、sks while the men struggled and fought for life.可知,史前女性的日常生活充滿了重體力勞動,而不是當(dāng)男性為生活拼搏時,她們只是坐在家里做一些輕松的工作。故答案為C項。 5.A　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:以前對史前骨骼的研究有什么問題?根據(jù)第三段第一句“Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones,” the researchers said,“and that’s a problem, because the response of male bone

20、s to stress and change is much bigger than that of women...”(研究者們說:“以前的研究只將女性的骨骼與同時代男性骨骼進(jìn)行比較,那是有問題的,因為男性骨骼對壓力及變化的反應(yīng)要比女性的更明顯……”)可推知,以前的研究缺乏充分的對比,故答案為A項。 6.C　猜測詞義題。本題題干意為:第三段中畫線詞“that”指的是什么?that代替前面的the response以避免重復(fù),故答案為C項。 7.D　事實細(xì)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:從最后一段中我們可以了解什么?根據(jù)最后一段中最后一句Prehistoric women, the researche

21、rs found, had arm strength 11%—16% stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30% stronger than those of non-athletes.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn):史前女性的臂力比現(xiàn)在那些劃船者的要強(qiáng)壯11%—16%,比那些非運(yùn)動員的要強(qiáng)壯30%。)可知,史前女性要比當(dāng)今女性更強(qiáng)壯,故答案為D項。 C (2018湖南張家界三模) Sometimes we experience pain that seems just too big to feel, too frightening to face—it

22、 looks like a tsunami. So, we run. My tsunami came when I was nine years old. I was woken up by my mother’s screams—“Bob?Bob?Bob!”I ran to my parents’ bedroom. My father was on all fours, unconscious. My mother was crazy—desperately trying to figure out how to stop what was happening. I ran to the

23、phone—911, the neighbors, anyone—“Help us!”Soon rescue came, but my father didn’t come back to life. When my friends came to comfort me, I remembered“pulling myself together”as I walked toward them, determining to show them that I was fine. The more I denied my pain, the more I was praised by the

24、adults around me—“Oh, look how strong he is!” So, I kept saying“I’m fine”over and over. I said it enough—performed it enough—that I even fooled myself. I believed that I was okay. But pain doesn’t just “go away”—that whole “time heals” thing is a total crock. 30 years after my father died, when I l

25、ooked around for an explanation for all the years of destructive behavior, I couldn’t find the root of the pain in my life because I had covered it up so well. All the“I’m fine”—30 years of them—buried the pain of that nine-year-old boy. My pain had been trying to come out, to be heard, to be heale

26、d. And, finally, it was. After years of treatment, I found my way back to that night where the pain started, back to the tsunami. This time, I didn’t run. It hurt—it still hurts—but now, when it hurts, I let the pain come. I’m not scared to say,“I’m not fine”—because I know, eventually, I will be.

27、 8.What did the author do when his father was in danger? A.He ran out to look for rescue. B.He kept calm and asked for help. C.He offered first aid to him at once. D.He was too afraid to do anything.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 9.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“crock”in Para

28、graph 5? A.Fact. B.Theory. C.Experiment. D.Lie. 10.Why was the author praised? A.He behaved politely. B.He seemed to be confident. C.He could look after himself. D.He could handle the blow properly. 11.What lesson can we get from the author’s experience? A.Hiding our pain can be harmful. B

29、.Expressing pain is not very easy. C.Being strong means hiding one’s pain. D.Children are good at covering up their pain. 答案 [語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。作者的父親去世后,他把痛苦壓在心底,但多年后這種隱藏的痛苦給自己帶來了負(fù)面影響。最終他的痛苦得到了宣泄。 8.B　事實細(xì)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:當(dāng)作者的父親身處危險時,作者做了什么?根據(jù)第二段中的I ran to the phone—911,the neighbors, anyone—“Help us!”可知:作者

30、保持冷靜并向別人尋求幫助。故答案為B項。A:他跑出去尋求救援;C:他立即對他實施急救;D:他嚇得什么都做不了。 9.D　猜測詞義題。本題題干意為:第五段中的畫線詞“crock”最適合用下列哪個詞替換?根據(jù)上下文可知:作者內(nèi)心的痛苦并沒有隨著時間的流逝被治愈,由此可知畫線詞所在句子的意思是:……,“時間可以治愈一切”這種說法是徹頭徹尾的謊言。故答案為D項(謊言)。 10.D　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:作者為什么得到表揚(yáng)?根據(jù)第四段首句(我越不承認(rèn)我的痛苦,我周圍的成年人越表揚(yáng)我……)可知:作者之所以受到表揚(yáng)是因為他能很好地處理自己所遭受的打擊,故答案為D項。A:他舉止禮貌;B:他似乎很有信心

31、;C:他能照顧自己。 11.A　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:從作者的經(jīng)歷中我們可以吸取什么教訓(xùn)?文章介紹了作者在父親去世的打擊下,掩飾自己的痛苦,假裝堅強(qiáng),后來意識到自己隱藏在心底的痛苦是造成生活中很多不幸的根源,換句話說,壓抑自己的痛苦是有害的。故答案為A項(隱藏我們的痛苦是有害的)。B:表達(dá)痛苦不是很容易;C:堅強(qiáng)意味著隱藏自己的痛苦;D:孩子們擅長隱藏痛苦。 D (2018四川樂山高三二調(diào)) Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the chief barriers to growth and develop

32、ment in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seventy percent of people living in the region lack access to electricity, forcing them to spend significant amounts of their income on costly and unhealthy forms of energy such as diesel(柴油)fuel to run generators and kerosene(煤油)for lanterns. But if there is one

33、thing Africa is not lacking, it is sunshine. And that means a lot;indeed, for some of the world’s poorest people, it makes all the difference in the world. A little more than a year ago, Power Africa—a U.S. Government initiative(倡議)coordinated by the U. S. Agency for International Development, or U

34、SAID—and Power Africa’s partners, the United Kingdom Department for International Development, Shell Foundation, and the African Development Bank, started the Scaling Off-Grid Energy Grand Challenge for Development, with a focus on pay-as-you-go solar home systems. The Challenge’s goal is to provide

35、 20 million off-grid(離網(wǎng))households in sub-Saharan Africa with clean, affordable electricity by 2030. So far, the Challenge has made 40-plus investments in early-stage, off-grid energy companies, which are expected to result in some 4.8 million new electrical connections. One reason for the success

36、of the start-up companies that have won grants(資助)from the Challenge is the fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast, so it is within the means of those who live away from traditional power grids. And thanks to the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing, they can purcha

37、se the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily installments(分期付款)from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day. Thanks to the technological and financial innovation(創(chuàng)新), many people are getting electricity for the first time every day. In these newly-electrified

38、communities, businesses can boom, clinics can safely store vaccines, and students may study long after dark. Indeed, access to clean and reliable electricity can enable entire communities to escape the cycle of extreme poverty. 12.What is the main problem people in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with

39、, according to Paragraph 1? A.They are lack of electricity. B.They are lack of diesel fuel and kerosene. C.They are lack of money. D.They are lack of sunshine. 13.What’s the aim of Power Africa? A.To make people richer. B.To make people healthier. C.To provide people with clean food and wate

40、r. D.To provide people with inexpensive electricity. 14.Which is NOT the reason for the success of the start-up companies? A.The cost of solar technology is dropping. B.They live away from traditional power grids. C.They can use the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing. D.The

41、y can pay for the equipment in daily low installments. 15.The text is especially helpful for those who care about　　　.? A.agriculture B.environment C.technology D.education 答案 [語篇解讀]　本文主要講了技術(shù)解決了非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地區(qū)的人們的用電問題。 12.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the ch

42、ief barriers to growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seventy percent of people living in the region lack access to electricity”可知生活在非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地區(qū)的人們面臨著的一個主要問題是缺少電力供應(yīng),故選A項。 13.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The Challenge’s goal is to provide 20 million off-grid(離網(wǎng)) households in sub-Saharan Africa wi

43、th clean, affordable electricity by 2030.”可知Power Africa的目的是為人們提供負(fù)擔(dān)得起的電,故選D項。 14.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“One reason for the success of the start-up companies that have won grants(資助) from the Challenge is the fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast”可知A選項包含在內(nèi);根據(jù)第四段中的“And thanks to the new sys

44、tem of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing, they can purchase the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily installments(分期付款) from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day.”可知C選項和D選項包含在內(nèi),故選B項。 15.C　推理判斷題。本文主要講述了非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地區(qū)的人們的用電問題得到了解決,由此可推出這篇文章對關(guān)心技術(shù)問題的人們有幫助,故選C項。 9