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1、 Unit5 Travelling Abroad 重難點(diǎn)大串講 一． 詞匯串講 1.adjust to: . . sth./doing sth. 適應(yīng)、調(diào)節(jié) Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. 宇航員在飛行中必須適應(yīng)失重狀態(tài)。 adjust oneself to : 使自己適應(yīng)于 adjustor: [ ?'d??st?(r) ] . . n. 調(diào)整者,調(diào)停者,調(diào)節(jié)器理賠人 adjuster: [ ?'d??st?(r) ] . . n. 調(diào)整者,調(diào)停者,調(diào)節(jié)器理賠人 adjustabl

2、e: [ ?'d??st?b(?)l ] . . a. 可調(diào)整的 adjustment: [ ?'d??stm?nt ] . . 2.keep it up: . . 繼續(xù)下去而不松弛 I've been working twelve hours a day, but I shall not be able to keep it up. 我一直是每天工作12小時，不過我再也堅持不住了。 3. board: [ b?:d ] . . n. 木板,甲板,董事會vi. 登(飛機(jī)、車、船等 I'm boarding with a friend.我在一友人處寄膳宿。 Mary is

3、 a workers' representative on the Board.瑪麗是理事會的工人代表。 His uncle is now on the Board.他叔叔現(xiàn)在是董事。 4.lecture: [ 'lekt?? ] . . v.&n. 演講,講課 He lectured to his students on modern writers.他給學(xué)生們講了關(guān)于現(xiàn)代作家的一課。 They could not follow the lecture.他們聽不懂這次演講。 lectureship: [ 'lekt???ip ] . . n. 講師的職務(wù) lecturer:

4、 [ 'lekt??r? ] . . n. 演講者,講師 a lecture tour巡回演講 give a lecture: . . 給上課，發(fā)表演講 deliver a lecture: . . 演講，講課 Give sb. a lecture訓(xùn)斥某人 Lecture sb. for /about sth.因某事斥責(zé)或告戒某人 5.recommend?vt. ①推薦；介紹 ②勸告；建議(接從句時常用虛擬語氣) (1)recommend sb sth ＝ recommend sth to sb 向某人推薦某物 recommend doing sth 建議(勸告)某人做某

5、事 recommend sb to do sth 勸告某人做…… recommend sb as... 推薦某人當(dāng)…… recommend that...(should) do... 建議某人…… (2)recommendation?n. ①[U]推薦；介紹 ②[C]推薦信；介紹信；勸告 a letter of recommendation 推薦信 The doctor strongly recommended that he take a holiday.醫(yī)生竭力勸他去休假。 Can you recommend to me a good dictionary?你能為我推薦一本好

6、字典嗎？ I wouldn't recommend you to go there alone.我勸你不要孤身一人到那里去。 They recommended him for the job/as a good lawyer.他們推薦他做這份工作/稱贊他是好律師. Recommend+1.doing/2.sb. to do/3.that-clause(虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)) 6. dream (1) （n） 夢想，夢 He had a dream of being a teacher. ? (2) v 常與 of /about 連用? He had ever dreamed of beco

7、ming a famous actor. fort??n. 舒適；安慰 ?vt. 安慰 comfortable?adj. 舒服的 comfortably?adv. 舒適地 The old lady often comforts those who are in trouble. 這位老婦人經(jīng)常安慰處于困境的人。 8．occupy??vt. 占領(lǐng)；占用；使忙碌 He occupied his whole afternoon reading books. 他用了一下午的時間讀書。 occupation ?n. [C]&[U] ①占領(lǐng)；占據(jù) ②工作；職業(yè) be occupied

8、 with sth 忙于某事 be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事 9．routine??n. [C]&[U] 常規(guī)；慣例；例行公事 ?adj. 例行的；常規(guī)的 Thus eating becomes an enjoyment instead of a routine work you have to do every day. 因此，飲食成為一種享受而不是一個每天你必須做的例行工作。 a routine report 例行報告 10．a(chǎn)bundant??adj. 豐富的；充裕的 We have abundant evidence that cars ha

9、ve a harmful effect on the environment. 我們有充分的證據(jù)證明汽車對環(huán)境有不良影響。 be abundant in (＝ be rich in) 富有……；……很豐富 abundance?n. 大量；充裕 in abundance 豐富；大量 11．substitute??n. [C]代用品；代替者 ?vt. 用……代替 There is no substitute to hard work. 什么都替代不了努力工作。 a substitute for...……的代替者 substitute A for B＝substitute B wi

10、th A用A代替B substitute for 代替 12．requirement??n. [C]需要；要求；需要的東西；必要的條件 We have to fit ourselves to the requirements of our jobs. 我們必須適應(yīng)工作的需要。 (1)require sth of sb 向某人要求某物 require＋doing/to be done(主語為動作的承受者) 需要做被...... require＋to do(主語為動作的發(fā)出者) 需要做...... require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 require that

11、...(should) do要求……(虛擬語氣) (2)to meet/satisfy the requirements 符合/滿足必備的條件 13．draft??vt. 起草；制定；征募 ?n. 匯票；草稿；草案 Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of my draft. 最后，我要感謝我的導(dǎo)師，因為他給我的論文提供了很多建議和評論，修改我的草稿的每一頁。 14．a(chǎn)cknowled

12、ge/?k'n?lId?/ ?vt. ①承認(rèn)；確認(rèn) ②答謝；向……打招呼 It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該通過綜合素質(zhì)來評價學(xué)生。 acknowledgement ?n. 承認(rèn)；答謝 in acknowledgement of ?為感謝…… 二． 句型串講 1. do you think 常做插入語，句子以特殊問詞開頭，且用陳述語序 ?What do you think her address is? （1） 類似的用法

13、： do you believe , do you imagine, do you expect 等，但do you know 無此用法。 （2）表示“相信，認(rèn)為”的結(jié)構(gòu)，常用 I think /suppose/ expect/ imagine/ hope…so . I suppose /expect/hope/ guess /believe not .???? I don’t think so. ?(3)否定轉(zhuǎn)移結(jié)構(gòu)： think, believe, suppose, expect , feel , imagine 等 ?? I don’t think he will come h

14、ere today.?? He doesn’t feel he can stand it much longer. 反義疑問句： 若主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose等時，反義問句的謂語動詞及主語要與從句保持一致。 I don’t think he is serious, ____________? He doesn’t feel it is wise to give a child whatever he want, __________________? 例：I’m sure you’d rather she went to school

15、by bus,____? A hadn’t you B wouldn’t you C aren’t I D didn’t she 2.(1) It /That/ This is/was the first/second… time that ….后接完成時從句。 ?It is the first time that I have come to Beijing.?? That was the last time that I had been there. ?(2) It is (high) time that 后接虛擬語氣（一般為過去時） It is time that I g

16、ot up / went home. ?(3) for the first time ( 用做時間狀語) 與the first time? （用做連詞，來引導(dǎo)從句） ? I came to his office for the first time.?? The first time he saw her , he fell in love with her. 3.. resign?v. ?辭職；委托；把……交托給(to, into) resign one’s position (as secretary) 辭去(秘書)職務(wù) resign office 辭職 resign on

17、eself to ?聽任(某種影響); 只好(做某事) resign oneself to one’s fate 聽天由命 resign ... to... 把……托付給 In order to look after her sick mother, Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the company.為了照顧生病的母親，瑪麗決定辭去公司經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。 I resign my children to your care.我把孩子們委托你來照顧。 4.?absence?n. 缺席；不在 We did not r

18、eceive any news during his long absence. 他長期缺席期間，我們沒有得到他的一點(diǎn)消息。 absence of mind 心不在焉 in one’s absence (from) ? 當(dāng)某人不在的時候 in the absence of 缺乏…… I don’t agree to this decision as it was made in my absence. 我不同意這個決定，因為它是我不在場的時候做出的。 absent adj. 不在的；缺席的 be absent from ?缺席；不在；不存在；缺少 be present at

19、出席；到場 presence ?n. 出席；到場 He had to make up the lessons he had missed as he had been absent from class for three weeks. 他必須補(bǔ)上由于曠課3個星期所耽誤的課程。 Absence from work leads to deduct of payment.?曠工的結(jié)果就是扣除工資。? 5.Besides，as far as he was concerned，what other people thought?was not the most important thing

20、. 此外，他認(rèn)為，別人想什么并不是最重要的事情。 6．I have been?so occupied with work that?I haven't had time for social activities. 我一直忙于學(xué)習(xí)，以至于我沒有時間去參與社會活動。 三． 語法串講 非限制性定語從句高考考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 (1) who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的園丁非常悲觀，他說今年將不結(jié)蘋果。 (2) whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性

21、定語從句 　關(guān)系代詞whom用于指人，在句中作動詞賓語和介詞賓語，作介詞賓語時，介詞可位于句末。如： 　　Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了，你在倫敦見過他。 (3) whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　whose是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，在從句中作定語。whose通常指人，也可指動物或無生命的事物。 　The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力，他的父親是位工程師。 (4) which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語

22、從句 關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語、其他從句或整個主句，在從句中作主語、動詞賓語、介詞賓語或表語。 　?、?which指代主句中的名詞，被指代的名詞包括表示物、嬰兒或動物的名詞、表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞以及表示職業(yè)、品格等的名詞。如： 　　These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.這些蘋果樹是我三年前栽的，還沒有結(jié)過果實。 　　She is an artist，which I am not.她是一位藝術(shù)家，而我不是。 　　T

23、he two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were.那兩個警察完全受到信任，事實上，也真是如此。 　　② which指代主句中的形容詞。如： 　　She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.她對孩子們很耐心，她丈夫卻很少這樣。 　　She is always careless，which we should not be. 她總是馬虎大意，我們可不應(yīng)該這樣。 　?、?which指代主句中的某個從句。如： 　　H

24、e said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.他說以前從沒見過她，這不是真的。 　　④ which指代整個主句。如： 　　In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有點(diǎn)緊張，這是可以理解的。 　　He may have acute appendicitis，in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲腸炎，如果是這樣，他就

25、得動手術(shù)。 　　(5) when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　　關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語從句中作時間狀語，指代主句中表示時間的詞語。如： 　　He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他將把郊游推遲到5月1號，那時他將有空。 　　(6) where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　　關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，指代主句中表示地點(diǎn)的詞語。如： 　　They went to London，where they lived for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗?，在那兒呆了六個月的時間

26、。 　　They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他們昨天抵達(dá)那里, 有一個關(guān)于銷售的談判在那兒舉行。 　　(7) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　　as引出非限定性定語從句時，代替整個主句，對其進(jìn)行說明但通常用于像as we all know, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case,

27、as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語，且引出的從句位置比較靈活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中間。通常均由逗號將其與主句隔開。as有“正如……， 就像……”之意。 　　As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.美國人都知道，馬克?吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。(as在從句中作主語) 　　He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了帶筆

28、，這是常事。(as在從句中作主語) 　　He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神貫注地工作，他過去經(jīng)常這樣。(as在從句中作表語) 　　Boy as he was， he was chosen king. 他雖是孩子，卻被選為國王。(as在從句中作表語) 　　as we all know, the earth is round.眾所周知，地球是圓的。 (as在從句中作賓語) The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed beforehand.兩兄弟對此

29、決定都滿意，這項決定在事前都已得到他們的同意。(as在從句中作主語) 　(8)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句　在介詞后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系代詞which有時并不代表主句中某一確定的詞，而是概括整個主句的意思。介詞的選擇取決于它與先行詞的搭配或與從句中謂語動詞的搭配。 　　They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines，without which the yield would be halved. 他們?nèi)贝钇咸鸭艿臈U兒，沒有它們產(chǎn)量會減少一半。 　　They thanked Tom，witho

30、ut whose support they would not have succeeded.這些鄰居是北京來的，昨天我被介紹同他們認(rèn)識了。 　　(9)“名詞/代詞+of+which / whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 　　It now has 20，000 hectares of land，more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation. 現(xiàn)在它擁有兩萬公頃土地，其中三分之二之多已經(jīng)耕種。 　　Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000

31、kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大廳里有三十把椅子，絕大部分是新的。 　注意：　1.非限制性定語從句不可用that引導(dǎo)， 在非限制性定語從句中用who(作主語) / whom(作賓語)指人，用which(作主語 / 賓語)指物， 用whose作定語(指人 / 物)。例如： 　　The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. 　　這位試圖打反擊的著名籃球明星吸

32、引了眾人的關(guān)注。 　　The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive. 　　這部電影很有教育意義， 它的導(dǎo)演是位老人。 　　2.關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可省略，若指人時，只用whom，不用who。例如： 　　York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city. 　　我去年訪問過的約克是個古老而美麗的城市。 　　Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now. 　

33、　請把這本書交給杰西卡，就是剛才我們在大廳里遇到的那位。 　　3.非限制性定語從句不可用why引導(dǎo)， 需用for which替代why。例如： 　　None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent. 　　我們沒有一個人接受他所解釋的缺席的理由 四． 話題串講 （一）話題綜述 本單元以Travelling abroad and studying abroad為話題，旨在通過單元教學(xué)，使學(xué)生獲得旅游、旅居國外方面的通用知識，開闊眼界，以及旅游方面的英語表達(dá)。使學(xué)生了解在國外旅行或?qū)W習(xí)時可能會遇到的一

34、些問題，并學(xué)會怎樣去解決問題和避免這些問題的發(fā)生。學(xué)會表達(dá)個人觀點(diǎn)，能用所學(xué)的有關(guān)travelling abroad的詞匯描述在國外居住生活的情況。 （二） 話題詞匯 1.a business qualification 工商管理資格證書 2.the preparation course 預(yù)科課程 3.ask for directions問路 4.make a summary of 對…做總結(jié) 5.numb with shock 驚呆了 6.lack confidence 缺乏信心 7.an autonomous learner 自主學(xué)習(xí)者 8.feel/

35、be at home (像在家一樣)感覺自在;無拘束 9.make an apology to sb for (doing) sthè apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 10.settle in vi.& vt. (遷入新居、更換工作后)安頓下來； 適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境、新工作) è settle into … vt. settle down安頓下來 (三） 話題句型? ①　 help us to be independent. ②　 would be easier to learn a foreign languag

36、e ③　 easier to learn advanced knowledge and technology ④　 learn a lot about local customs and broaden our views ⑤　 have many new experiences ⑥　 hard to communicate with local people ⑦　 will cost a lot of money ⑧　 feel lonely and miss home ⑨　 difficult to adjust to the local food ⑩　 must

37、 look after oneself….. （四）話題典例 現(xiàn)在很多中學(xué)生都選擇出國留學(xué)，假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國筆友Jack來信詢問你對此現(xiàn)象的看法，請你用所學(xué)的有關(guān)知識給他寫封回信，表明你的觀點(diǎn)（贊成或反對）并說明理由。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 3.信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Jack, Nowadays, studying abroad is very popular with the middle school students in China．__________ __________

38、______________________________________ _______________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【參考范文】 　Dear Jack,

39、 Nowadays, studying abroad is very popular with the middle school students in China. Different people have different ideas. I think studying abroad is a good choice . There are many reasons why I prefer studying abroad .Firstly,studying abroad is the best way to learn more about everyday

40、 life and customs. Secondly,studying abroad allows you to learn a foreign language easily. Thirdly ,studying abroad can give you an opportunity to travel and make new friends around the world and broaden your views. As far as I’m concerned,studying abroad is surely a wise choice . Yours, LiHua 12