Unit 1　Cultural relics [寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多] 1.fancy adj.　　 奇特的；異樣的 vt. 想象；設(shè)想；愛好 2.remove vt. 移動；搬開 3.worth prep. 值得的；相當(dāng)于……的價值 n. 價值；作用 adj. [古]值錢的 4.debate n. 爭論；辯論 vi. 爭論；辯論 5.design n．設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思→designer n．設(shè)計(jì)師 6.valuable adj.貴重的；有價值的→value n．& vt.價值；重視 7.select vt.挑選；選擇→selection n．選擇 8.amaze vt.使吃驚；驚訝→amazing adj.令人吃驚的→amazed adj.吃驚的→amazement n．驚奇 9.evidence n．根據(jù)；證據(jù)→evident adj.明顯的；明白的 10.decorate v．裝飾；裝修→decoration n．裝飾 11.reception n．接待；招待會；接收→receive vt.接待；接收→receptionist n．接待員；招待員 12.doubt n．懷疑；疑惑 vt.懷疑；不信→doubtful adj.感到懷疑的；不確定的→undoubtedly adv.確實(shí)地；毋庸置疑地 13.survive vi.幸免；幸存；生還→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者 14.explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸(聲)；激增 15.informal adj.非正式的→formal (反義詞)正式的 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.I am amazed (amaze) at the number of people who visited the Forbidden City on Tuesday. 2.As we all know, time is the most valuable (value) wealth that one can have. 3.Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as decorations (decorate) on their cars. 4.The receptionists at the reception desk were told to receive him as the most honorable guest.(reception) 5.There is no doubt that Catherine is doubtful of her future, for she doubts whether she can continue to work.(doubt) 6.It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.(evident) 7.Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive) 8.As far as I know, the designers who designed all our bank cards have made our life easier.(design) 9.It’s reported that the coach will select twelve basketball players to take part in the sports meeting. The final team selection will be made tomorrow. （select） 1.“爭論”相關(guān)詞一覽 ①debate v．& n．　　辯論；爭論 ②argue v. 爭論 ③discuss v. 討論 ④quarrel v．& n. 爭吵 ⑤dispute v．& n. 爭論 ⑥conflict v．& n. 矛盾；沖突 2.各種“選擇” ①select vt.　　 　　挑選；選擇 ②choose vt. 選擇 ③elect vt. 選舉 ④pick out 挑選出；認(rèn)出 3.含后綴­ence的名詞集錦 ①evident→evidence 證據(jù) ②consequent→consequence 結(jié)果 ③convenient→convenience 便利；方便 ④absent→absence 缺乏；缺席 ⑤competent→competence 能力；勝任 4.含后綴­al的名詞薈萃 ①survive→survival 　幸存 ②arrive→arrival 到達(dá) ③refuse→refusal 拒絕 ④approve→approval 批準(zhǔn)；同意 [寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多] 1.in_search_of　尋找 2.belong_to 屬于 3.in_return 作為報(bào)答；回報(bào) 4.serve_as 充當(dāng)；起作用 5.at_war 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) 6.less_than 少于 7.take_apart 拆開 8.think_highly_of 看重；器重 9.look_into 調(diào)查 10.rather_than 而不是；與其 11.add_..._to_... 把……加到……上 12.by_the_light_of 借助……的光線 選用左欄短語填空 1.Having taken_apart the old bike, we sold it to a waste recycling center. 2.He has done so much for the poor in his community that you can’t think_highly_of him enough. 3.This afternoon I’ll cook the dish for you.In_return I hope you can help me with my spoken English. 4.As is known to us, China is a country belonging_to the third world. 5.Tired as they are, the rescuers are still in_search_of the missing people in the flash floods. 1.“in＋n.＋of”結(jié)構(gòu)大集合 ①in search of　　尋找 ②in memory of 為了紀(jì)念 ③in favor of 支持；贊同 ④in honour of 為了紀(jì)念；為 向……表示敬意 ⑤in terms of 就……而言； 在……方面 ⑥in place of 代替；取代 2.look的相關(guān)短語小結(jié) ①look into　 　　調(diào)查 ②look forward to 盼望 ③look through 仔細(xì)看；瀏覽 ④look up to 尊敬 ⑤look down upon 瞧不起 [背原句] [記句式] [會仿用] 1.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. 毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時德國在波羅的海岸邊的一個城市。 There is no doubt that ... 是固定句式，意為“毫無疑問……”。 毫無疑問，這個候選人的優(yōu)勢在于他用英語和外國人交流的能力。(2015·湖北高考多選) There_is_no_doubt_that this candidate’s advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English. 2.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 在審判中，法官必須斷定哪些證人可以相信，哪些證人不能相信。 “疑問詞＋to do sth.”，在句中作賓語。它還可以作主語或表語。 我很榮幸在這里和大家交流在高中要學(xué)習(xí)什么的看法。(2014·江西高考書面表達(dá)) It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinion on what_to_learn in senior high school. 3.Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我也認(rèn)為他們不應(yīng)該把它交給任何一個政府。 “nor/neither＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”，表示前句中的否定情況也適用于另一人或物。 事實(shí)上，他不喜歡這個導(dǎo)演，也不喜歡這個導(dǎo)演拍攝的電影。 As a matter of fact, he doesn’t like this director, nor_does_he_like_his_films. 1．survive vt.比……活得長；(經(jīng)過……)活(保存)下來vi.幸免；幸存；生還 [教材原句]　Is it enough to have survived for a long time? 只是存在的時間長就足夠了嗎？ (1)survive sth.　　　 幸免于；從……中挺過來/活過來 survive on 依靠……生存下來 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得長(……) (2)survivor n. 幸存者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]殘存物 ①Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to_survive (survive) is to live in harmony with nature.(2015·福建高考單選) 人類生活被認(rèn)為是自然界的一部分，同樣，我們存活下去的唯一方法是和大自然和諧相處。 ②Having_survived (survive) that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right. 從那天晚上幸存下來以后，我們都相信接下來的事情都會一切順利。 ③If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival (survive)． 如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。 [名師指津]　survive 表示“幸免于”時，是及物動詞，因而不要加多余的介詞in, from等。 2．design n．& vt.設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思；計(jì)劃 [教材原句]　The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. 房間的設(shè)計(jì)是當(dāng)時流行的風(fēng)格。 (1)design sb. to do sth.　　　 打算讓某人從事…… be designed for/to do sth. 旨在；打算被用來做…… (2)by design 故意地；蓄意地 ①This project designed (design) to help jobless people just didn’t work out as planned. 設(shè)計(jì)這個項(xiàng)目本來是要幫助那些無工作的人們，結(jié)果卻和計(jì)劃的不一樣。 ②She arrived just as we were leaving, but I’m not sure whether this was by accident or by design. 她剛好在我們正要離開時到達(dá)，但我不能肯定這是出于偶然還是有意安排。 ③This course is specially designed for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice. 這門課程是專門為像你這樣的初學(xué)者設(shè)計(jì)的，重點(diǎn)在于聽說訓(xùn)練。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結(jié)。 (1)故意地 ①by design　?、趏n purpose　　③deliberately (2)偶然地 ①by chance　?、赽y accident　?、踑ccidentally 3．remove vt.& vi.移動；移走；搬家；脫掉；消除；撤職；開除 [教材原句]　Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 在納粹分子到達(dá)夏宮之前，俄羅斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件藝術(shù)飾品搬走。 remove ... from ...　　　　 把……從……移開/撤掉 remove sb. from one’s post 撤職；開除 remove sb. from school 開除某人；勒令某人退學(xué) remove one’s doubt 消除某人的疑慮 ①Of the three columns concerning health, entertainment and culture, my suggestion is that the column of entertainment (should)_be_removed (remove)．(2014·上海高考寫作) 就涉及的健康、娛樂、文化三個欄目，我建議娛樂欄目應(yīng)該去掉。 ②Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to_remove_the_bag_from_her_shoulder. 意識到媽媽工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩幫助媽媽把包從肩上拿下來。 ③Three children were_removed (remove) from the school for bad behaviors yesterday. 昨天三個孩子因不良行為而被學(xué)校開除了。 4．worth prep.值得的；相當(dāng)于……的價值n.價值adj.[古]值錢的 [高考佳句]　She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting.(2014·廣東高考寫作) 她是個普通的女人，但她真的值得尊重。 (1)be (well) worth doing 　　　 ……(非常)值得做 be worth the money/an effort/a try 值得花錢/努力/一試 be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或時間) (2)be worthy (3)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事 ①Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is well worth experiencing.(2015·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)) 既然你對傳統(tǒng)的中國文化感興趣，我認(rèn)為這個節(jié)日很值得你體驗(yàn)。 ②It’s worthwhile reading/to_read (read) literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.(2014·浙江高考書面表達(dá)) 讀文學(xué)書是值得的，因?yàn)樗鼈兡軒椭覀兏嗟亓私馍鐣蜕睢? [寫作聯(lián)想]　例句①的其他表達(dá)方式 ①Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is well worthy to be experienced. ②Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is well worthy of being experienced. ③Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think it is well worthwhile experiencing/to experience this festival. Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練 單句語法填空 1．Informal (formal) clothes are suitable to wear at home or in ordinary situations. 2．Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is under debate. 3．There is convincing evidence (evident) that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun. 4．We shouldn’t be too crazy about learning English, but it is also too extreme to remove English from the College Entrance Examinations. 5．How does the family survive on such a small monthly wage? 6．He was able to provide the police with some valuable (value) information. Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練 1．worth多棱鏡 (1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①Don’t you think that’s a good sort of software worthy of being_downloaded (download) to help with your English? ②—What do you think of the book? —Oh, excellent.It is worth reading (read) a second time. ③I don’t think it is worthwhile to_take/taking (take) the trouble to explain the question to him. (2)一句多譯 他在會議上提出的建議值得考慮。 ④His suggestion put forward at the conference is worth considering. ⑤His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy of being_considered. ⑥His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy to_be_considered. ⑦It is worthwhile to_consider/considering his suggestion put forward at the conference. 2．design點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①The project designed (design) to help the disabled is very popular with them. ②The television programme is designed to_educate (educate) and not merely to entertain. ③The houses are specially designed for the old people. (2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞) ④Programmes, which are designed to join the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world. →Programmes, designed to join the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出fancy的詞性和詞義 (A)vt.想要；想做　　　　　　(B)n.幻想 (C)n.愛好；迷戀 (D)vt.想象 1．I think he will give me a hand, but it’s only a fancy of mine.__B__ 2．You can hardly fancy his doing such a thing.__D__ 3．Do you fancy going to the beach after that？__A__ 4．I’m fond of going shopping and I have a fancy for chess.__C__ 1．in search of尋找；搜尋；尋求 [經(jīng)典例句]　She went into the kitchen in search of a drink.(牛津P1564) 她進(jìn)了廚房，想找點(diǎn)喝的。 (1)in one’s search for　　　　 尋找 (2)search sth./sb. 搜查某物/搜身 search for＝look for 尋找 search ...for ... 為找到……而搜查…… ①The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands in search of any survivor in the earthquake. →The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands in_their_search_for any survivor in the earthquake. →The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands to search_for any survivor in the earthquake. 救援人員徒手移開磚塊和石頭，搜尋地震中的幸存者。 ②I searched the whole room for the lost key, but in vain. 我搜遍了整個房間來尋找丟失的鑰匙，但是徒勞。 2．belong to屬于；為……的一員 [教材原句]　However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. 然而，下一位普魯士國王，腓特烈·威廉一世，這個琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了。 (1)belong to表示“屬于”，不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 (2)belongings n．財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物 ①As a science student, I have been reviewing Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry and biology, which_all_belong_to the college entrance examination subjects. (2014·四川高考書面表達(dá)) 作為一名理科生，我復(fù)習(xí)語文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語、物理、化學(xué)和生物，這些都屬于高考科目。 ②A tiger is a large fierce animal belonging (belong) to the cat family. →A tiger is a large fierce animal which/that_belongs_to the cat family. 老虎是一種大而兇猛的動物，屬于貓科。 ③Having sold most of his belongings (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house. 他已經(jīng)賣掉了大部分財(cái)物，房子里幾乎什么都沒有留下。 3．in return 作為報(bào)答；回報(bào) [教材原句]　In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作為饋贈，沙皇則送給他一隊(duì)自己最好的軍隊(duì)。 in return for ...　　　 作為……的交換；作為……的報(bào)答 in turn 輪流；依次；反過來 by turns 輪流；時而……時而…… ①You mentioned that you would like to teach me English in_return,_which is exactly what I am dying for.(2015·四川高考滿分作文) 你提到作為回報(bào)你想教我英語，這正是我所渴望的。 ②He wanted to do something in_return_for the kindness that she offered him. 他想做點(diǎn)什么事來酬謝她的好意。 ③In winter people burn a lot of coal to warm themselves, and this in_turn causes pollution and global warming. 在冬天人們燒煤取暖，這反過來又造成了污染和全球變暖。 4．There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. 毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時德國在波羅的海岸邊的一個城市。 (1)There is no doubt that ... 意為“毫無疑問……”，that之后的從句為同位語 從句，說明doubt的內(nèi)容。 (2)There is some doubt whether ... 　……不太確定 I have no doubt that ... 我確定/相信…… (3)I don’t/never doubt that ... 我確信…… (4)I doubt whether/if ... 我懷疑…… ①There is no doubt that staying up is more likely to result in over­anxiety. (2015·廣東高考寫作) 毫無疑問，熬夜更有可能導(dǎo)致人過分焦慮。 ②I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. 我確信特殊班級能夠幫助這些有天賦的學(xué)生提前畢業(yè)，更早地在生活中找到他們的位置。 ③I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better. 我不敢肯定這個新的是否會好些。 ④There is some doubt among the people whether_John_will_turn_up_on_time. 人們對約翰能否準(zhǔn)時來表示懷疑。 [名師指津]　當(dāng)doubt用于肯定句時，從句用whether或if引導(dǎo)；當(dāng)doubt用于否定句或疑問句時，從句用that引導(dǎo)。 5．In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 在審判中，法官必須斷定哪些證人可以相信，哪些證人不能相信。 which not to believe為“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語。whether, what, which, whom, who, where, when, how等加不定式構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)在句中起名詞作用，可以作主語、表語和賓語。 ①Seeing such a crowd of audience below the stage, he was too nervous to know what to_say (say)． 看到舞臺下有那么多的觀眾，他緊張得不知道說什么。 ②When_and_where_to_hold the meeting remains to be discussed further. 何時何地舉行會議有待于進(jìn)一步討論。 ③No one could tell me where_to_buy the interesting book. 沒有人能告訴我在哪兒能買到這本有趣的書。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練 1．單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子 ①To be honest, I’m at a loss what to_do (do) next. ②I am always thinking that studying well is the only thing that I could do in return. ③People think highly (high) of his novels, because they are instructive. ④We found the small house in the village easily by the light of the moon. ⑤(2013·浙江高考書面表達(dá))We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams (而不是抱怨交通堵塞)． ⑥All the villagers went out in_search_of/to_search_for/in_their_search_for_the_lost_boy (尋找丟失的男孩)． 2．一句多譯(每空一詞) (1)中國屬于發(fā)展中國家。 ①China is a country which belongs to developing countries. ②China is a country belonging to developing countries. (2)我確實(shí)不知道我是否接受她的邀請。 ①I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not. ②I really have no idea whether to accept her invitation or not. 3．運(yùn)用所學(xué)短語完成下列語段 On August 12, 2015, a terrible explosion happened in Tianjin. A factory ①belonging_to (屬于) Tianjin Port was completely destroyed. Firefighters ②rather_than (而不是) other people first appeared on the scene. Then more rescuers were sent ③in_search_of (尋找) the survivors. What they did should ④be_highly_thought_of (被高度評價). The police were busy ⑤looking_into (調(diào)查) the cause of the accident. Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練 doubt面面觀 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空 ①There is no doubt that what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other job in the society. ②You doubted whether/if such unselfish love would happen in today’s world. ③I don’t doubt that Chinese diet is the healthiest in the world. ④There is some doubt among people whether $749 is too much for an iPhone 6s. (2)高考小作文 ⑤我們班有52名學(xué)生(consist of)，大家都很友好，學(xué)習(xí)用功，毫無疑問你會和他們相處得很好。(2014·天津高考書面表達(dá)) Our class consists_of_52_students,_all of whom are friendly and hard­working. There_is_no_doubt_that you can get along well with them. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．He is considering selling the old house belonging (belong) to his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own. 2．There is no doubt that spending too much time surfing the Internet or watching TV contributes to near­sightedness. 3．Today’s English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries from which to_choose (choose)． 4．Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life when they aren’t content with their parents. 5．The two countries were_at war with each other for many years but now their relation is getting better and better. 6．Mr.Reed selected (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them. 7．Their most valuable (value) belongings were locked in a safe in the bedroom. 8．—Why not meet Diana today? —I am sorry to tell you that she has been removed from our company. 9．When she was in trouble, I did what I could to help her. In return for my help, she wrote me a letter of thanks. 10．The film is so excellent that it is worth seeing (see) a second time. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．You can complain, but I doubt that it will make any difference.that→if/whether 2．It is possible for most senior citizens to remain actively after they retire.actively→active 3．Luckily enough, he was the only one who survived in the flood.去掉in 4．It is said that the early European playing cards were designed to entertainment and education.to→for 5．Our friends, whom are always late for everything, missed the train again.whom→who 6．All the acts were good, but the evening was belonged to a dance group from Moscow.去掉was Ⅲ.用本單元所學(xué)知識完成下列寫作訓(xùn)練 (一)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全短文 ①M(fèi)any people think that cultural relics belong_to (屬于) human beings instead of individuals. ②They are well worth protecting (protect). I think_highly_of (高度評價) the view. However (however/therefore/besides), a lot of people take great pains to look for them and attempt to take possession of them illegally. Some cultural relics have been damaged while 5only_a_few_have_survived (只有少數(shù)幸免). In order to avoid this, police should be sent to_look_into (調(diào)查) the cases. ③Without_doubt (毫無疑問), it is our duty to protect cultural relics. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑短語 (1)instead of→rather_than (2)to look for→in_search_of/to_search_for 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)把①②句合為一句并運(yùn)用同位語從句升級(每空一詞) a．Many people think that cultural relics belonging to human beings rather than individuals are well worth protecting. b．Many people hold the view that cultural relics which belong to human beings rather than individuals are well worth protecting. (2)把句③升級為一個復(fù)合句 There_is_no_doubt_that it is our duty to protect cultural relics. 13