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1、 Unit 1　A land of diversity [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] 1.means n．　手段；方法 2.occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) 3.reform vt.& vi. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良 4.grasp_vt.& n. 抓?。蛔ゾo；掌握；領會 5.boom n. (人口、貿易的)繁榮 vi. 處于經濟迅速發(fā)展時期 6.customs n. 海關；關稅；進口稅 7.luggage n. 行李 8.slip vi. 滑動；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑動；滑倒 9.hire_ vt.& n.

2、 租用；雇用 10.majority n．大多數(shù)；大半→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．專業(yè)→minority_n．少數(shù) 11.elect vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人→election_n．選舉 12.distinct adj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的→distinction n．差別；區(qū)分；卓著 13.applicant n．申請人→apply vi.申請→application n．申請書；申請 14.apparent adj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的→apparently adv.顯然地；顯而易見地 15.indicate vt.指出；標示；表明；暗示→i

3、ndication n．跡象→indicator n．指示器；指示信號 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.He won the election and was elected president of the country.(elect) 2.He indicated that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate) 3.The results of the survey fell into distinct groups. The old were scholars

4、 of great distinction while the young were the opposite.(distinct) 4.Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent) 5.All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply) 6.One of the

5、major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority) 1.變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)后詞義變化的名詞小結 ①custom (風俗)→customs (海關) ②manner (方式)→manners (禮貌) ③paper (紙)→papers (文件) ④art (藝術)→arts (文科) ⑤arm (手臂)→arms (武器) ⑥brain (腦袋)→brains (腦力) ⑦work (工作)→works

6、 (作品) ⑧short (短的)→shorts (短褲) 2.與“雇用、辭退”有關的詞匯全接觸 ①hire n．&vt.　 雇用 ②employ vt. 雇用 ③take on 雇用 ④fire vt. 解雇 ⑤dismiss vt. 解雇 ⑥discharge vt. 辭退 ⑦lay off 解雇 ⑧turn away 解雇 3.“多數(shù)與少數(shù)”面面觀 ①major adj.　主要的 　 vi. 主修 　　　 n. 專業(yè) ②majority n. 大多數(shù) ③in the majority 占多數(shù) ④minor adj.

7、少數(shù)的 ⑤minority n. 少數(shù) ⑥in the minority 占少數(shù) [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] 1.live_on　　　　繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存 2.by_means_of_... 用……辦法；借助…… 3.make_a_life 習慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生 4.keep_up 堅持；維持；沿襲(風俗、傳統(tǒng)等) 5.back_to_back 背靠背 6.team_up_with 與……合作或一起工作 7.mark_out 用線畫出范圍；標出……界線 8.take_in 包括；吸收；欺騙；理解 9.a_great/go

8、od_many 許多；很多 10.apply_for 申請；請示得到 11.the_majority_of 大多數(shù)…… 12.occur_to_sb. 某人突然想到 選用左欄短語填空 1.After 15 years in the USA, he has finally made his decision to apply_for American citizenship. 2.While you are reading an article, you’d better mark_out the key words and topic sentences. 3.In so

9、me rural places of China, some people still prefer keeping_up their traditional lifestyle. 4.—The trade caused me D|S500 worth of loss. —Pity! You didn’t listen to my advice; otherwise, you would not have been taken_in. 5.He is such an ill-tempered man that on no condition will I team_up_with him

10、. 1.“v.＋in”結構短語集錦 ①take in　　包括；欺騙；理解 ②fit in 適應；找到時間 ③break in 強行闖入 ④cut in 插嘴；插隊 ⑤give in 屈服；投降 ⑥turn in 上交 2.“許多”種種 ＋可數(shù)名詞 ＋不可數(shù)名詞 [背原句] [記句式] [會仿用] 1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在15 000年前

11、美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。 it is likely that ...“有可能……”。 對我們學生而言參觀長城有可能是一次難忘的經歷。 It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience. 2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。 That

12、is why ...“那就是……的原因”。 他迷戀電腦游戲，那就是他不得不輟學的原因。 He is addicted to computer games, and that_is_why he has to drop out of school. 3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many race

13、s and cultures. 人們認為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。 It is believed that ...“人們認為/相信……”，其構成為：It＋be＋過去分詞＋that從句。 人們普遍認為書的影響是如此之大，以至于我們的父母總是鼓勵我們養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習慣，閱讀更多的書籍。 It_is_commonly_believed_that the influence of books is so great that our parents always encourage us to form

14、 good habits of reading and to read more books. 1．means n．手段；方法 [教材原句]　Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科學家們認為這些遷居者通過一條史前時期曾經存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達美洲。 by this means 　

15、　　用這種方法 by means of 通過；用；借助于 by no means 決不；一點也不(放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序) by all means (用于交際英語表示同意)當然可以；沒問題；務必；千方百計 a means of communication 一種通訊/交流工具 ①In addition, we have more choices by_means_of wild release.(2015·重慶高考滿分作文) 此外，通過自由分享我們有更多的選擇。 ②By_no_means was he satisfied

16、with the job and he asked us to finish it by_all_means. 他對這項工作一點也不滿意，他要求我們務必完成。 ③Every possible means_has_been_tried (try), but none has worked. →All possible means _have_been_tried (try), but none has worked. 各種可能的辦法都嘗試了，但沒有一種奏效。 [名師指津]　means用作“方式；方法”時單復數(shù)同形。若all/some/several/many means作主語，謂語

17、動詞用復數(shù)形式；若every/each/one/a means作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 2．majority n．大多數(shù)；大半 [高考佳句]　When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority.(2015·浙江高考書面表達) 當我有不同的觀點時，我會選擇放棄并尊重大多數(shù)人的觀點。 (1)a/the majority of ...　　大多數(shù)…… be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多數(shù) (2)minority

18、n. 少數(shù) be in the minority 占少數(shù) (3)major n. & v. 主修；專業(yè) major in 主修……；以……為專業(yè) ①An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are (be) against it.(2012·陜西高考單選) 看來意見達成一致是不可能了，因為大多數(shù)委員會成員都表示反對。 ②The white are in_the_majority in Aus

19、tralia while the native people in_the_minority. 在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而土著人占少數(shù)。 ③I graduated from Chongqing Normal University and majored (majority) in information management. 我畢業(yè)于重慶師范大學信息管理專業(yè)。 [名師指津]　the/a majority of＋名詞，表示“大多數(shù)”，謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞相一致；the majority單獨作主語時，謂語動詞用單復數(shù)均可。 3．occur vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) [高考佳句]　Alo

20、ng with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.(2014·遼寧高考書面表達) 你需要和你奇妙的創(chuàng)新一起提交一份報告，解釋你是怎么想到這個點子的，你用的是什么材料。 sth. occurs to sb.　　　　某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ... 某人突然想起…… It oc

21、curs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事 ①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when_an_accident_occurred. 我正在街道上找地方停車的時候，發(fā)生了一起事故。 ②It_occurred_to_her_that she should adopt the homeless child. →It_struck_her_that she should adopt the homeless child. →It_hit_her_that she should adopt

22、 the homeless child. 她突然想到她應該收養(yǎng)這個無家可歸的孩子。 4．indicate vt.指出；標示；表明；暗示 [教材原句]　Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner. 盡量使用以上的表達來表明你在認真聆聽你同伴說話。 (1)indicate sth. (to sb.)　　向(某人)表示某事；把…… 指給(某人)看 indicate that ... 表

23、示……；示意…… (2)indication n. 表明；顯示 ①As_is_indicated_in_the_survey,_more and more people choose to travel abroad. 調查顯示，越來越多的人選擇出國旅游。 ②His attitude indicates (indicate) that he is not very happy with what you are doing. 他的態(tài)度表明他對你的所作所為很不高興。 ③There are clear indications (indicate) that the e

24、conomy is improving. 有明顯的跡象顯示經濟正在改善。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①When Babbage was working at Cambridge, a new idea occurred to him. ②There is a great deal of evidence indicating (indicate) that listening to soft music can reduce stress. ③Twenty head of cattle (cattle) were eating grass on the grasslan

25、d when a wolf came over. ④She was the Minister of Education before he was_elected (elect) President last year. ⑤Having filled in an application (apply), he was interviewed by the boss. ⑥It’s highly recommended to_hire (hire) a car and driver. ⑦The majority were/was (be) on the England’s team,

26、which greatly disappointed them. ⑧(2011·湖南高考單選)One-third of the country is_covered (cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people. 2．一句多譯(每空一詞) 很明顯藥物對他的疾病起了積極的作用。 ①It is apparent that the medicine has a good effect on his disease. ②Apparently,_the medicine has a good

27、 effect on his disease. Ⅱ.重難點多練 means多棱鏡 (1)單句語法填空 ①They have tried all means, which possibly are (be) helpful, but unfortunately not a means has (have) worked so far. ②My best friend, Amy, is always supportive, so her friendship undoubtedly means (mean) a great deal to me. ③Only by this means

28、 can you work out the problem. (2)高考小作文 此外，懲罰絕不是一個幫助他們在精神上和身體上健康成長的明智選擇。(2011·陜西高考書面表達) ④Furthermore, punishment is_by_no_means_a_wise_choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. ⑤Furthermore, by_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.(倒裝句) Ⅲ.

29、閱讀詞匯專練 根據語境選出grasp的詞性和詞義 (A)vt.理解；明白；領會　　　　(B)vt.抓住(機會) (C)n.緊握；控制 (D)vt.抓牢；抓緊 1．(2014·江西高考書面表達)I am not afraid of making mistakes and grasp every opportunity to improve myself. __B__ 2．He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.__D__ 3．It took him some time to grasp that he was now

30、a public figure.__A__ 4．Don’t let the situation escape from your grasp.__C__ 1．make a life習慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生 [教材原句]　Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. 有些人死了或回家了，但是大多數(shù)人留在加利福尼亞謀生，盡管困難重重。 (1)come to life　　 　　　　蘇醒；變得活躍

31、 live/lead a ...life 過著……生活 come back to life 蘇醒過來；恢復生氣 bring ...back to life 使……蘇醒過來；給……活力 start/make a new life 開始新生活 謀生 ①In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try to make_a_life for yourself.(2014·江西高考書面表達) 在接下來的三年，我們的學校

32、生活將會非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性，你會努力習慣新的生活方式。 ②The village, which had seemed deserted, immediately came_to_life. 這個原來似乎杳無人煙的村莊頓時恢復了生機。 2．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留 [經典例句]　He was homeless, so we took him in.(牛津P2059) 他無家可歸，我們便收留了他。 [一詞多義]　寫出下列句中take in的含義 ①This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in.包括

33、 ②Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺騙 ③I found it easy to take in what the professor had said.理解 ④I managed to rent a big enough house to take in homeless people.收留 take off　　　　　起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功 take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔 take over 接收；接管；取代 take up

34、 占去；占據；開始從事 ⑤There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I’ll take_on the burden.(2013·天津高考書面表達) 盡管前面有很多挑戰(zhàn)，但我有信心勇挑重擔。 3．That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。 This/That is why ...為

35、表語從句的常用句型結構，意為“這/那就是……的原因”，用來表示原因。 ①Tom was very lazy. That_was_why he never achieved anything in his life. 湯姆很懶，那就是他一生碌碌無為的原因。 (1)That’s because ...“那是因為……”，because從句表示原因。 (2)The reason why ...is/was that ...“……的原因是……”，表語從句常用that引導，而不用because。 ②From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because

36、 about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013·安徽高考單選) 從太空中看，地球是藍色的。這是因為它表面約71%都被水覆蓋著。 ③The_reason_why the students favor the first one is_that they can carry it with them wherever they go. 學生們喜歡第一個的原因是他們無論去哪都可以隨身攜帶(它)。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空/補全句子 ①Although her husband died, t

37、he old lady lived on for many years with an optimistic attitude. ②It is honorable to make a life with your hands while depending on others is a shame. ③I hope the fine weather will keep up for the crops need much sunshine. ④Nowadays a_great/good_many_teenagers (許多青少年) are addicted to playing comp

38、uter games, which makes their parents very worried. ⑤He teamed_up_with_his_brother (與他弟弟合作) in the doubles, which drew much attention of the audience. ⑥The special parking space has_been_marked_out (已經被劃出來) with white paint so far. 2．句型轉換(每空一詞) ①It is believed that education is the most importan

39、t issue facing the government. →Education is believed to be the most important issue facing the government. ②As far as I know, he is likely to drop out of school to attend to his sick mother. →As far as I know, it is likely that he will drop out of school to attend to his sick mother. 3．運用所學短語完成

40、下列語段 It is reported that thousands of farmers come from the countryside to the cities. The majority of them can ①team_up_with (與……合作) each other to ②make_a_life (謀生) in the cities. With time going by, some of them even have ③applied_for (申請) the right to live in the city. They have made great contr

41、ibutions to the boom of the cities ④by_means_of (通過) working hard. Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．take相關短語點點練 選詞填空 take off， take in， take up， take over， take on ①Since Jerry is absent today, let’s get someone else to take_up the work where it was left off yesterday. ②When Mr. Green retired, his son took_over the

42、business from him. ③The small village has_taken_on a new look since the kindhearted photographer came into it. ④Hurry up! The plane is taking_off in ten minutes. ⑤I listened to the speech carefully, but I still couldn’t take_in. 2．why/because面面觀 (1)單句語法填空 ①—Have you heard the news that he was

43、admitted into Beijing University? —Yes, that’s because he worked so hard all the time, so his efforts paid off. ②—You see, I’m poor in math, but good at English, while you are good at math, but weak in English. —That’s why we should help each other. ③The reason why Tom came late for the wedding

44、was that he was ill. (2)句型轉換 ④He had an urgent thing to deal with. That was why he didn’t attend the meeting. →He didn’t attend the meeting. That’s_because he had an urgent thing to deal with. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．To_keep (keep) up with a good state with your teachers and classmates, you should l

45、earn to be on good terms with them.　 2．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the period rang, which interrupted our heated discussion. 3．It is likely that they were trapped in a traffic jam at that time. 4．Rudolph just stood there, saying nothing. Apparently (apparent), he was a man of few wo

46、rds. 5．—I hear you’ve been looking for a job recently. —Yes, I’m applying for work at the library. 6．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice. 7．If a person is taken in,_he or she will be called “April fool！” 8．It just occurred to me that if we wanted to go to the sea

47、shore for our vacation, we had better make reservations in advance. 9．A good judge will try to make the punishment (punish) fit the crime. 10．Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip (slip) away? Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．They settled down in Canada and made new life for themselves.new前加a

48、 2．After the explosion, every means have been used to prevent the river from being polluted.have→has 3．Successful people are always very intelligent. They can discover that others easily ignore.that→what 4．The government has taken measures to make this custom live.live后加on 5．A large percentage of

49、 this hotel’s income are from the visitors to the lake nearby.are→is 6．Having punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.Having后加been 7．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were 8．This is believed that hard work can lead to success.This→It Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成下列寫作訓練

50、 (一)依據提示補全短文 Most of our class had decided to visit the Great Wall by_means_of (通過) bicycling on Sunday. ①It hit us that the Palace Museum was more appealing. On the way weteamed_up (合作) to carry our luggage and at the entrance we asked Tom to buy tickets. Just_as_is_apparently_indicated (正如明確顯示的一

51、樣) in their brochure, there are a lot of valuable collections. ②People believe that nowhere in the world can impress us so deeply as the Palace Museum. Now, I understand why so many people pay a visit to the Palace Museum every year. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑短語 (1)Most of our class→The majority of our class (2)a lot of→a_great/good_many 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用本單元所學句式改寫句① It_occurred_to_us_that the Palace Museum was more appealing. (2)用it作形式主語改寫句② It_is_believed_that nowhere in the world can impress us so deeply as the Palace Museum. 12