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1、蘇州大學(xué)研究生英語(yǔ)讀寫佳境（研一）課后習(xí)題翻譯 Unit2 1、 The long simmering euthanasia issue has lately boiled boiled over into a sometimes fierce public debate, with both sides claiming the mantle of ultimate righteousness. 長(zhǎng)期激烈爭(zhēng)論的安樂(lè)死問(wèn)題最近已演變?yōu)榧ち业墓姶笥懻摚措p方都聲稱對(duì)維護(hù)最終的正義負(fù)有責(zé)任。 2、 And so the euthanasists have begun to pre

2、ss their case with greater force. 因此這些安樂(lè)死的支持者已經(jīng)開始更加大肆地宣揚(yáng)他們的依據(jù)是多么的確鑿。 3、Cancer patients and sufferers from multiple sclerosis are the most frequent subjects of euthanasia in Holland, … 癌癥病人和各種軟組織硬化的患者在荷蘭是最容易成為“安樂(lè)死”的對(duì)象人群。 4、 Last fall 19 distinguished British doctors wrote an open letter calli

3、ng for the legalization of euthanasia for AIDS patients in the advanced stages of their illness. 去年秋天有19位著名的英國(guó)醫(yī)生寫了一封公開信，號(hào)召對(duì)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入晚期的艾滋病病人實(shí)行安樂(lè)死合法化。 5、 Some zealous actions by pro-euthanasists have supplied ammunition to those who contend that legalizing active voluntary euthanasia would be the sin

4、edge of the wedge for a variety of abuses. 那些安樂(lè)死支持者某些狂熱舉動(dòng)反而為那些人提供了反擊他們的依據(jù)，那些人辯稱說(shuō)志愿安樂(lè)死的合法化會(huì)遭人肆意濫用爾釀成大禍。 6、 Even in the Netherlands, the proposals now before Parliament would restrict euthanasia to a small number of cases and would surround even those with elaborate safe guards. 即使在荷蘭，議會(huì)上的議案也只是將安

5、樂(lè)死局限在很少的病例上，甚至對(duì)那些已經(jīng)具備嚴(yán)密安全防范措施的病例也要圍繞它們反復(fù)論證。 Unit3 1、 Apart from marriage ,a journey to a new place , a drive on the road ,a ride in an airplane ,a business transaction ,even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy. 除了結(jié)婚之外，旅行去新的地方，在路上駕駛，乘坐飛機(jī)，簽署商業(yè)合約甚至是無(wú)意中說(shuō)的話都

6、可能很快的導(dǎo)致最終的悲劇。 2、 To many of us,gambling is,in many case ,a non-tosic drug against boredom and apathy,and may well help preserve good temper, patience and optimism, which will du us a world of good. 對(duì)我們很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，賭搏在許多的情況下，是抵制乏味和冷漠的無(wú)毒的藥，有助于我們保持良好的心態(tài)，具有耐心和樂(lè)觀向上，而這些能給我們帶來(lái)極大好處。 3、 As a matter of fact,

7、few of us have the right to condemn gambling as few of us can say that they never gamble——even if it is only investing a few pence in a football sweep or a “l(fā)ucky dip”. 事實(shí)上沒有人有權(quán)利譴責(zé)賭搏因?yàn)闆]有人敢說(shuō)曾他們從不賭搏，即使是花一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)錢投資在足球彩票上或是摸彩帶。 4、 If a man makes gambling an obsession—almost a form of insanity—he will no

8、t only lose his property gained through years of toil ,he will also lose his dignity and conscience . Far worse is the suffering of his dependents—his parents ,wife and children ,who are constantly deprived of their material comforts and mental peace . 如果一個(gè)人迷戀賭搏達(dá)到了瘋狂的程度，他不僅僅失去多年辛勤工作得來(lái)的財(cái)富，而且也會(huì)失去他的尊嚴(yán)

9、和良心。更糟的是他的家人，他的父母和妻兒，會(huì)飽受折磨，他們被奪去了物質(zhì)上的舒適和精神上的安寧。 5、 That is to say, if one sticks to his limits, it is more a game of fun than the root of all evils. 就是說(shuō)如果一個(gè)人賭之有度，那么賭博就是一個(gè)饒有趣味的游戲，而不是萬(wàn)惡之根源。 6、 We can accomplish this by encouraging an interest in so many other activities that gambling itself wil

10、l lose its fascination as an opiate to a colorless and dreary existence. 我們?yōu)榱诉_(dá)到能夠控制賭博的目標(biāo)，我們鼓勵(lì)了如此多的活動(dòng)的興趣，以致于賭博本身也會(huì)丟掉他的吸引力，不能成為調(diào)節(jié)無(wú)聊乏味生活的一個(gè)良方。 Unit5 1、 The search for an answer brings you face to face with (直面)problems that are at once both the bane and lifeblood of virtually all researc

11、h into human emotions. You may think the social context of the emotion is obvious; but then you realize that people laugh when they’re nervous as well as amused, disappointed as well as joyous, and sometimes simply because someone else is laughing. 對(duì)這個(gè)答案的搜尋使得我們直面這樣的問(wèn)題：對(duì)人類情感好壞的研究。你可以想象情感的社會(huì)環(huán)境顯而易見，但是

12、你會(huì)意識(shí)到人們?cè)谒麄兙o張、高興、失望、快樂(lè)時(shí)，甚至有時(shí)僅僅因?yàn)槠渌嗽谛σ矔?huì)笑。 2、 You may also set out with the belief that the emotion has evolved into something rather sophisticated, requiring the brain’s conscious, cognitive centers to respond to subtle social indications like punch lines; but then you realise that most people can

13、not will themselves to laugh command or suppress an unwanted attack of the giggles. 你也許開始相信這種情感已發(fā)展為某種相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的東西。要求大腦的變化，認(rèn)知中心對(duì)像妙語(yǔ)這樣的微妙的話語(yǔ)作出回應(yīng)。然后你會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到大多數(shù)人不能強(qiáng)迫自己笑或者壓抑不必要的自然而然笑的來(lái)襲。 3、 Indeed ,studies have shown that people are thirty times more likely to laugh in social settings than when they are alon

14、e, in the absence of pseudo-social stimuli like television. Even nitrous oxide, or laughing gas , loses much of its power if taken in solitude , says Willibald Ruch, a psychologist at the University of Dusseldorf. 實(shí)際上，研究表明，人們?cè)谏缃粓?chǎng)合比他們獨(dú)處時(shí)笑笑三十倍，在缺少電視機(jī)這樣的虛擬社會(huì)刺激物的情況下。如果一個(gè)人在獨(dú)處時(shí)吸入的話，甚至，氧化氮或是說(shuō)笑氣，也會(huì)失去它的作用，

15、 4、 To many researchers, laughter is about strengthening social bonds. ……This feedback “l(fā)oop” of bonding-laughter-more bonding, plus the desire not to be singled out from the group, may explain why laughter is often contagious—sometimes dramatically so . 對(duì)很多研究者而言，笑正在加強(qiáng)社會(huì)溝通與聯(lián)系?！爱?dāng)人們舒適的與其它人在一起，當(dāng)他們開

16、放和自由的時(shí)間笑就會(huì)發(fā)生。笑得越多，彼此間的聯(lián)系就越密?！盡ahadev Apte說(shuō)的。人們之間緊密聯(lián)系會(huì)造成人們更多緊密的聯(lián)系，這樣環(huán)環(huán)相扣的循環(huán)，加上人們不愿意單單從組織上挑出的愿望，有助于解釋笑是有傳染性的，又非常的強(qiáng)。 5、 Politicians and other public speakers understand the power of laughter to break down harriers and forge a connection with their audience. …… By inviting the audience to join him in

17、 laughter, Kennedy bridged much of the social gapbetween his wealthy ,noble status and ordinary voters. Almost every atter-dinner speaker opens with a joks for similar reason. 政治家和其他的公共研究者明白笑的力量能消除隔閡并和觀眾建立聯(lián)系。Morreall說(shuō)肯尼迪總統(tǒng)很大部分魅力是自嘲。通過(guò)讓觀眾與他一起笑，肯尼迪消除了他富有、高貴的身份與普通選民之間的社會(huì)差異。幾乎每次餐后演講者以笑話作開場(chǎng)白是因?yàn)橄嗨频脑颉?

18、 6、 But laughter can exclude as well as include, as another American president learnt to his cost. 笑不僅僅增強(qiáng)聯(lián)系也要可以讓人排除在外，這是另一位美國(guó)總統(tǒng)付出代價(jià)意識(shí)到的。 7、 Gruner believes that laughter originated from(起源于＝come from) the cry of triumph and mock that a fighter might utter when he defeats his foe . Grune他相信笑起源于

19、勝利的吶喊聲和一個(gè)戰(zhàn)士擊敗敵人后發(fā)出的嘲弄的叫喊聲。 8、 In the end,though, a convincing explanantion of why people laugh must wait for more and better data. 最后，人們?yōu)槭裁葱Φ牧钊诵欧慕忉尡仨氂写喔玫臄?shù)據(jù)來(lái)證明。 Unit7 1、 That cultural imperialism is said to impose American values as well as products, promote the commercial at the

20、expense of the authentic, and substitute shallow gratification for deeper satisfaction. 文化帝國(guó)主義據(jù)說(shuō)是將美國(guó)的價(jià)值觀念以及文化產(chǎn)品強(qiáng)加于人，真實(shí)的促進(jìn)商業(yè)的而犧牲，并且用膚淺的得意來(lái)取代更高層次的滿足。 2、 Globalization not only increases individual freedom, but also revitalizes cultures and cuntural artifacts through foreign influences, technologie

21、s, and markets. Thirving cultures are not set in stone. 全球化不僅增加個(gè)性自由，而且通過(guò)國(guó)外影響技術(shù)和市場(chǎng)。繁榮上升的文化并非一成不變。 3、In some ways,America is an outlier, not a global leader. Most of the world has adopted the metric system borm from the French Revolution; America persists with antiquated measurements inherited fro

22、m its British-colonial past. 從某種意義上講，美國(guó)只是個(gè)局外人，而不是一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。世界大部分地區(qū)已采用了源于法國(guó)大革命時(shí)期的公制；而美國(guó)堅(jiān)持使用來(lái)自英國(guó)殖民地過(guò)去的老掉牙的度量衡。 3、 Local fare glues more eyeballs to TV screens than American programs. Although nearly three-quarters of television drama exported worldwide comes from the United States, most countries’ fav

23、orite shows are homegrown. 當(dāng)?shù)毓?jié)目遠(yuǎn)比美國(guó)的電視節(jié)目吸引更多的眼球。雖然世界上出口的電視劇中接近四分之三來(lái)自美國(guó)，大多數(shù)國(guó)家的最受喜愛的節(jié)目仍然是國(guó)產(chǎn)的。 4、 With one big exception:cinema. Yet Hollywood’s hegemony is not as worrisome as people think. Note first that Hollywood is less American than it seems. …To some extent, then, Hollywood is a global indus

24、try that just happens to be in America. Rather than exporting Americana, it serves up pap to a global audience. 只有一個(gè)大的例外，那就是電影，然而好萊塢的一統(tǒng)天下并非如人們認(rèn)為的那樣可怕。要首先注意好萊塢并不像他看起來(lái)那樣美國(guó)化。從某種程度上講，好萊塢剛巧在美國(guó)是一個(gè)全球性產(chǎn)業(yè)。它不是在出口美國(guó)價(jià)值觀念，而是在服務(wù)大眾，吸引全球觀眾。 5、 Germans once objected to soccer because it was deemed English; Now t

25、heir soccer team is emblematic of national pride. 德國(guó)人曾抵制過(guò)英式足球，因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)為是英國(guó)的東西，現(xiàn)在他們的足球隊(duì)是民族自豪的象征。 6、 English may be all-conquering outside America, but in some parts of the United States, it is now second to Spanish. 英語(yǔ)在美國(guó)之外的地區(qū)興許是所向披靡的，但是在美國(guó)的某些地區(qū)，它現(xiàn)在屈從于西班牙語(yǔ)。 9、 Individuals are forming new communi

26、ties, linked by shared interests and passions, that cut across national borders. Friendships with foreigners met on holiday. Scientists sharing ideas over the Internet. Environmentalists campaigning together using e-mail. House-music loves swapping tracks online. Greater individualism does not spell

27、 the end of community. 個(gè)人正在形成新的社區(qū)，通過(guò)由共同的興趣和激情連接起來(lái)，與跨越國(guó)界，與在假期中遇到的外國(guó)人結(jié)成友誼。科學(xué)家們通過(guò)因特網(wǎng)互享思想。環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者通過(guò)伊妹兒共同行動(dòng)。家庭音樂(lè)愛好者在網(wǎng)上互相交換網(wǎng)址。更大的“個(gè)體主義”并不意味著社團(tuán)的終結(jié)。 10、 People may lament the passing of old ways. Indeed, many of the worries about globalization echo age-old fears about decline, a lost golden age, and so

28、on. 人們或許哀嘆老方式的逝去。實(shí)際上很多對(duì)全球化的擔(dān)憂只是重復(fù)了由來(lái)已久的擔(dān)憂關(guān)于對(duì)逝去的黃金時(shí)代的擔(dān)憂。 Unit9 1、Few understand the magniude of the potential tragedy; fewer still have a good idea of what to do sbout it. 沒有幾個(gè)人能理解這場(chǎng)潛在的悲劇的深度和廣度，更沒有人知道該如何面對(duì)這問(wèn)題。 3、 The Titanic’s passengers were mainly innocent victims, but the dilemma no

29、w facing society is largely of our own making.And for us,there is still hope. 泰坦尼克上的乘客主是無(wú)辜的受害者，但人類社會(huì)現(xiàn)今所面臨的困境很大程度上是我們自己造成的。對(duì)我們而言，仍然有希望。 4、 The 20 years since that meeting have seen the birth of a worldwide environmental movement, the emergence of thousands of grass-roots environmental organizatio

30、ns, and the proliferation of environmental laws and regulations in nations around the world. 自從那次會(huì)議的20年里，目睹了全球環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)的產(chǎn)生，數(shù)千個(gè)草根階層環(huán)境保護(hù)組織的出現(xiàn)，在世界范圍內(nèi)普及了環(huán)境保護(hù)法律法規(guī)。 5、 These fundamental assaults on the atmosphere are caused almost entirely by rich nations that use most of the fossil and ozone-depleting che

31、micals. Yet, the long-term costs will be borne by humanity as a whole. 對(duì)大氣造成的根本性攻擊破壞主要是富國(guó)造成的起因，富國(guó)使用大量的石化燃料和化學(xué)物品促使臭氧層的耗盡，然后長(zhǎng)期的代價(jià)卻要整個(gè)人類來(lái)承擔(dān)。 5、I many nations, environmental degradation is now recognized as a key barrier to governments’ ability to meet basic needs and sustain living standards. 在許多國(guó)

32、家，環(huán)境惡化現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)作制約政府滿足基本需要，維持生活水平的關(guān)鍵因素。 6、 Stabilizing the climate, for example, depends on restructuring national energy policies. Getting the brakes on population growth requires fundamental changes in social values and services. So far, only a handful of countries have undertaken such initiatives.

33、 但是這些措施本身并不能恢復(fù)地球健康穩(wěn)定氣候。例如，重新建構(gòu)國(guó)家能源政策，減緩人口增長(zhǎng)要求我們從根本性轉(zhuǎn)變社會(huì)價(jià)值觀和政府服務(wù)部門職能。目前，一把抓的很少，只有少數(shù)幾個(gè)國(guó)家采取行動(dòng)。 7、 The growth in Third World jobs has fallen short of population growth, leaving tens of millions unemployed and hundreds of millions underemoployed. Even more people lack access to clean water, adequate h

34、ealth care, and a full and balanced diet. 第三世界的工作崗位低于人口增長(zhǎng)，有千萬(wàn)的人口沒有就業(yè)，有百萬(wàn)的人沒有充分就業(yè)，更多的人們?nèi)狈Ω蓛舻乃?，充分的醫(yī)療條件，和充足的平衡的飲食。 8、 Once the self-reinforcing trends of environmental degradation and deepening poverty are too deeply established, only a superhuman effort could break the cycle and reverse the trend. 一旦環(huán)境惡化和日益加劇的貧困之間形成的自我強(qiáng)化趨勢(shì)根深蒂固，只有超人的力量，才能打破惡性循環(huán)，扭轉(zhuǎn)局勢(shì)。