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1、藝考生課程——詞匯 第二十五講 Great Scientists 適用學(xué)科 英語(yǔ) 適用年級(jí) 高三 適用區(qū)域 全國(guó) 課時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)（分鐘） 60 知識(shí)點(diǎn) 名詞辨析；動(dòng)詞辨析；形容詞辨析；副詞辨析； 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析；完成句子；句子翻譯 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 知識(shí)：1快速?gòu)?fù)習(xí)掌握本單元詞匯。 2快速擴(kuò)詞匯量。 方法：1老師和學(xué)生一起翻譯短文并從中找出自己不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞匯。 2學(xué)生將不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞匯整理到筆記本上，并默寫(xiě)出所整理的詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思。 能力：1能根據(jù)老師所翻譯的文章快速記住生詞的漢語(yǔ)意思。 2 能通過(guò)不斷上漲的詞匯量快速提高閱讀能力。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

2、 課文中的重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)及相關(guān)句型的掌握和運(yùn)用。 教學(xué)難點(diǎn) 重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)的靈活運(yùn)用。 教學(xué)過(guò)程 一、課堂導(dǎo)入 The main idea of this passage is that John Snow found out the cause of the disease called cholera which was a deadly disease in London in the 19th century. With Snow' s great efforts, the disease was finally under control. 這篇短文的主要意思是

3、說(shuō)斯諾找到了一種叫做霍亂疾病的起因，這是19世紀(jì)發(fā)生在倫敦的一種致命的疾病。在斯諾的努力，該疾病終于得到控制。 二、復(fù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí) 1）The important words 1cartoon 2whichever 3attract - attraction 4tour - tourist - tourism 5unique - only 6length - long 7deed - do 8settler - settle down 9translate - translator 10minor - major 11create - creature【答案】

4、 1卡通 2無(wú)論哪一個(gè) 3吸引 - 吸引力 4旅游 - 游客 - 旅游業(yè) 5唯一的 - 唯一的 6長(zhǎng)度 - 長(zhǎng) 7行為 - 做 8移居者 - 安家定居 9翻譯 - 翻譯人員 10次要的 - 主要的 11中國(guó)制造，生物 2）The important phrases 1theme park 2central park 3various kinds of 4roller coaster 5fairy tale 6the fantasy amusement park 7no wonder 8the steam-engine t

5、rain 9the bald eagle preserve 10in deed - do with - deal with 11be modelled after 12fight with sword 13Another such injury will put an end on his athletic career. 14The interests of the minority should be protected. 15in advance 16the most advanced technology 17come to life 18a

6、shuttle service 19brand new experiences 20He brought back a cowboy hat as a souvenir of America.【答案】 1主題公園 2中央公園 3多種多樣的 4過(guò)山車(chē) 5童話故事 6奇妙的游樂(lè)場(chǎng) 7難怪 8蒸汽火車(chē) 9禿鷹保護(hù)區(qū) 10確實(shí) - 處理 - 處理 11模仿 12用劍戰(zhàn)斗 13再一次這樣的傷害將會(huì)終止他的運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯。 14少數(shù)人的利益應(yīng)該被保護(hù)。 15提前 16最高級(jí)的科技 17栩栩如生 18班車(chē)服務(wù) 19嶄新的經(jīng)歷 2

7、0他帶回來(lái)一個(gè)牛仔帽作為美國(guó)的紀(jì)念品。 三、知識(shí)講解 （一）翻譯下面由本單元詞匯所編成的故事 A Strange Disease When the construction of the firework factory came to the stage of painting, a pump was put in. Then, all the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a b

8、ad burn. An expert physician was instructed to attend to the victims and handle this case. He was enthusiastic, but he didn’t foresee that it was a hard challenge. After simple enquiry, he announced that the polluted paint was to blame. But without positive evidence, people suspected and rejected h

9、is view, saying the theory he put forward made no sense. Being much more strict with himself, he contributed himself to the case. Apart from making enquiries, he made detailed charts and analysed the data cautiously. Finally, he drew a scientific conclusion, linking the disease to the radium in the

10、pump. Exposed to radium, a kind of radioactive material in the universe, people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately. Spinning the pump backward, he took away the radium. This simple movement cured all the victims. 奇怪的疾病 當(dāng)那座煙花工廠的建設(shè)到了油漆階段時(shí)，一個(gè)水泵被安裝進(jìn)來(lái)，接著，在它附近的油漆 工都得了一種嚴(yán)重的疾?。?/p>

11、病擊敗油漆工），其特征與燒傷相似。 一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的內(nèi)科醫(yī)生被指定去照顧受害者并負(fù)責(zé)處理這一案例。他熱情地投入到工作中，但是卻沒(méi)有預(yù)見(jiàn)到這是一次艱難的挑戰(zhàn)。在簡(jiǎn)單的詢(xún)問(wèn)后，他就宣布說(shuō)罪魁禍?zhǔn)资鞘芪廴镜挠推幔ㄓ推釕?yīng)受責(zé)備）。但是沒(méi)有確實(shí)的證據(jù)，人們很懷疑并拒絕他的觀點(diǎn)，大家都說(shuō)他提出的理論毫無(wú)道理。他對(duì)自己要求更加嚴(yán)格，全身心地投入。除了詢(xún)問(wèn)，他還制作了詳細(xì)的圖表，謹(jǐn)慎地分析各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)，最后，他終于得出了一個(gè)科學(xué)的結(jié)論，把疾病和水泵中的鐳聯(lián)系起來(lái)。鐳是宇宙中的一種放射性物質(zhì)，當(dāng)暴露在鐳的輻射中時(shí)，人體吸收其射線，立刻染上疾病。 他把水泵向后旋轉(zhuǎn)，拿走了里面的鐳，這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)作治愈了所有的受害者。

12、 （二）重點(diǎn)知識(shí)總結(jié)與解析 1）The important words in this passage: 1 construction 2 firework 3 pump 4 painters 5 neighbourhood 6 defeat 7 severe 8 characteristic 9 alike 10 expert 13 physician 14 instruct 15 attend 16 victim 17 handle 18 enthusiastic 19 foresee 20 challenge 21 enquiry 22

13、 announce 25 pollute 26 blame 27 positive 28 suspect 29 reject 30 contribute 31chart 32 analyse 33 cautiously 34 radium 11 universe 12 absorb 23 spin 24 backward 35 movement 36 cure 【答案】 1 construction建筑 2 firework煙火 3 pump 泵 4 painters畫(huà)家 5 neighbourhood鄰居 6 defeat打敗 7 seve

14、re嚴(yán)重的 8 characteristic性格 9 alike 相似的 10 expert專(zhuān)家 11 universe宇宙 12 absorb吸收 13 physician生理學(xué)家 14 instruct指令 15 attend參加 16 victim受害者 17 handle處理 18 enthusiastic熱情的 19 foresee預(yù)見(jiàn) 20 challenge挑戰(zhàn) 21 enquiry詢(xún)問(wèn) 22 announce通知 25 pollute污染 26 blame責(zé)備 27 positive積極的 28 suspect懷疑 29 reject拒絕

15、 30 contribute貢獻(xiàn) 31chart圖表 32 analyse分析 33 cautiously好奇地 34 radium鐳 23 spin旋轉(zhuǎn) 24 backward向后地 35 movement運(yùn)動(dòng) 36 cure治愈 2）The important phrases in this passage: 1put forward 2made no sense 3strict with 4apart from 5draw a scientific conclusion 6link to 7expose to 【答案】 1put for

16、ward提出 2made no sense無(wú)意義 3strict with對(duì)...嚴(yán)格 4apart from除了 5draw a scientific conclusion得出科學(xué)的結(jié)論 6link to連接 7expose to暴露 （三）知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解 重點(diǎn)詞匯 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 詞匯 部分 詞語(yǔ) 辨析 1. character / characteristic 2. examine / check / test 3. cure / treat 4. blame / scold 5. reject / refuse 詞形 變化 1. sci

17、entific adj.科學(xué)的 science n.科學(xué) scientist n.科學(xué)家 2. valuable adj.有價(jià)值的 value n. 價(jià)值 value v. 估價(jià), 評(píng)價(jià) 3. instruct v. 教導(dǎo)，命令 instruction n. 指示，用法說(shuō)明 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的 4. enthusiastic adj.熱心的，熱情的 enthusiasm n.狂熱，熱心 enthusiast n.熱心家，狂熱者 重點(diǎn) 單詞 1. conclude v. 斷定， 得出結(jié)論; 結(jié)束（正式）； 2. attend v. vt

18、. 出席, 參加, 照顧, 護(hù)理, 注意 vi.專(zhuān)心, 留意 3. expose vt. 使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露 4. absorb vt. 吸收;使(精神)貫注;吞并 5. blame n過(guò)失, 責(zé)備 vt.責(zé)備, 譴責(zé) 6. instruct vt .教, 教導(dǎo), 命令, 指示, 通知 7. contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)；投稿 重點(diǎn) 詞組 put forward 提出；提議以供考慮 in addition/ apart from 除……之外；另外 make sense 有意義 重點(diǎn) 句子 1. So many thousan

19、ds of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ….. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 1). character/characteristic n. 【解釋

20、】 character 性格，品質(zhì) （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字體，字符 characteristic 特點(diǎn)，特征（區(qū)別于其他事物） 2). examine/ check /test 檢查 【解釋】 examine仔細(xì)察看或觀察（以了解情況或是否有問(wèn)題或毛病） check檢查 （含有“校對(duì)”或“找錯(cuò)”的意思） test 檢查，檢測(cè)（以某種手段來(lái)試一試某人或某物是否達(dá)到了一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)） 3) cure/ treat 治療 【解釋】 cure 表示治愈的結(jié)果，treat 表示治療的過(guò)程 4) blame/scold 責(zé)備 【解釋】 blame 責(zé)備；譴責(zé)； 歸咎于強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)某

21、種可以解釋的失誤或不良行為的譴責(zé)或懲罰： scold 斥責(zé)”、“責(zé)罵”指大聲呵斥，責(zé)備，嘮嘮叨叨地說(shuō)，常用于長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩 5) reject /refuse 拒絕 【解釋】 reject 后接名詞，（含對(duì)被拋棄的東西不屑一顧） refuse 后接名詞，動(dòng)名詞 ，可表“謝絕” 知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 science n，科學(xué) scientific adj.科學(xué)的 scientist n.科學(xué)家 announce v．宣布 announcement n.宣布 announcer n，廣播員，告知者 instruct v.．指導(dǎo)，命令 instruction n.指

22、導(dǎo)，指示 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的 enthusiastic adj.熱心的，熱情的 enthusiasm n.狂熱，熱心 enthusiast n.熱心家，狂熱者 valuable adj.有價(jià)值的 value n. 價(jià)值 value v. 估價(jià), 評(píng)價(jià) 重點(diǎn)詞組 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 1．put forward 提出(建議等)；推薦某人或自己任職位；提名 [典例] 1）He put forward a new plan yesterday．他昨天提出一個(gè)新計(jì)劃。 2）May I put your name forward as a possibl

23、e chairman of the committee? 我能否提名你當(dāng)委員會(huì)主席? [短語(yǔ)歸納] put on穿上；增加 put on performances演出 put an end to結(jié)束；終止 put off推遲；延期； put one's heart into全神貫注于 put down寫(xiě)下 put out生產(chǎn)；撲滅 put back放回；送回 put up舉起；張貼 [練習(xí)]用put構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)填空: 1)You can take anything from the shelf，

24、but please _______ the books when you've finished with them． 2)He often _______ some useful advice. Keys: 1) put back 2) puts forward 2．a(chǎn)part from 除……之外;另外 [典例] 1）Apart from a few faults，he is a perfect teacher．除了幾個(gè)缺點(diǎn)之外，他是一個(gè)很好的老師。 2）Apart from the cost，the dress doesn't suit me．姑且不論價(jià)格，這件禮服也不適合

25、我穿。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] in addition to除……之外(還有,包括在內(nèi)) besides 除……之外(還有,包括在內(nèi)) except (for)除……之外除……之外(還有,不包括在內(nèi)) except that 除了…除……之外(還有,不包括在內(nèi)) [練習(xí)]選擇以上短語(yǔ)填空。 As a senior student, we study other subjects _________ English. Your article is well written ________ some spelling mistakes. Keys: 1) besides/ in

26、 addition to/apart from 2) except for 3、make sense講得通；有意義 [典例] What he says makes sense．他說(shuō)的有道理。 Can you make sense of this poem? 你能明白這首詩(shī)的含義嗎? What you say is true in a sense．你所說(shuō)的在某種意義上是真實(shí)的。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] make no sense講不通；無(wú)意義 make sense of 了解,明白 in a sense就某種意義而言；在某種意義上 重點(diǎn)句型 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 1. So many

27、 thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次瘟疫爆發(fā)，數(shù)以千計(jì)的人們?cè)诳謶种兴廊ィ? [解釋] every time可作連詞使用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“每次，每當(dāng)”immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“一……就……” [典例] 1）Every time I meet him，I always think of the things happened between us． 每次見(jiàn)到他，我就想起發(fā)生在我們之

28、間的事情。 2）Immediately he saw the message, he knew he misunderstood his best friend. 一見(jiàn)到紙條，他就知道他誤會(huì)了他最好的朋友。 [練習(xí)] 漢譯英 １）每次我去找他，他都在專(zhuān)心看書(shū)． _______________________________________________________________________________ ２）我一見(jiàn)到她就把這本書(shū)給了她。 _________________________________________________________________

29、______________ ３）我一見(jiàn)到他就把這封信給他。 _______________________________________________________________________________ ４）我一接到你的信就來(lái)了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) Every time I went to see him, he was absorbed in reading. 2) I gave the book

30、 to her the moment I saw her． 3) I will give the letter to him immediately I see him． 4) I came directly I got the letter． 2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)的清楚． [解釋]Only 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)放在句首，句子需用半倒裝． ［練習(xí)］漢譯英 １) 只

31、有用這種方法，你才能輕松地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題． _______________________________________________________________________________ ２) 就在你失去它的時(shí)候，你才會(huì)懂得時(shí)間的寶貴． _______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) Only in this way, can you deal with the problem easily. 2) Only when you lost i

32、t, will you understand how valuable the time is. 3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ….. 他把太陽(yáng)固定在太陽(yáng)系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)． [解釋]with + 賓語(yǔ)+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中通常作為狀語(yǔ)，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等． ［典例］ 1）With the o

33、ld man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的帶路下，我們向森林進(jìn)發(fā)。 2）She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face. 她不停地奔跑，汗珠順著臉頰流下來(lái)。 [練習(xí)] 漢譯英 隨著考試的結(jié)束，我們的假期開(kāi)始了． _______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: With the test finished, we bega

34、n our holiday. 四、例題精析 【例題1】 選擇character 或characteristic 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁? 1） He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others. 2） People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in _________ . 3） What are the ________

35、__that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese? 4） Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world. 5） The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as possible. 【答案】 1) character 2) character 3) characteristics 4) character 5) c

36、haracter 【解析】 character 性格，品質(zhì) （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字體，字符 characteristic 特點(diǎn)，特征（區(qū)別于其他事物） 1) character 性格，品質(zhì) 2) character 品質(zhì) （本身具有的） 3) characteristics 特征（區(qū)別于其他事物） 4) character 品質(zhì) （本身具有的） 5) character 角色，人物； 【例題2】 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1) The _________ took a very ________ approach to _________.

37、(science) 2) The ______ make a(n) ________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce) 3) It is ______ and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of each page.(instruct) 4) “You don’t seem very ______ about the idea.” “I don’

38、t mind,” she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm) 5) There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information. (value) 【答案】 1) scientist; scientific; science 2) announcer; announcement; be announced 3) instructive;instructions 4) enthusiastic; enthusiasm 5) value;valuable

39、 【解析】 1) scientist科學(xué)家; scientific approach 科學(xué)方法; science 科學(xué) 2) announcer廣播員; announcement通知; be announced 被通知 3) instructive具有指導(dǎo)性的; instructions 指導(dǎo) 4) enthusiastic熱情的; enthusiasm 熱情 5) value評(píng)估價(jià)值;valuable 有價(jià)值的 五、課堂運(yùn)用 【基礎(chǔ)】 選擇 check , examine 或 test，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁? 1. I was being _______ for a driv

40、ing license for the third time. 【答案】tested 【解析】tested 被測(cè)驗(yàn) 2. The doctor _________ him carefully. 【答案】 examined 【解析】 examined 檢查身體 3. The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor. 【答案】 checks 【解析】 checks 檢查 選擇cure 或treat 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁? 4. After being ________ for

41、 such a long time, the wound ___________ at last. 【答案】treated; cured 【解析】treat被對(duì)待; cure治愈 選擇blame或scold并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁? 5. Don't _______ it on him, but on me. 【答案】blame 【解析】blame sth on sb 6. The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once. 【答案】scolded 【解析】scolded責(zé)備

42、【鞏固】 選擇refuse 或reject 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁? 1. The Christian Church ________ his theory, saying it was against God’s idea. 【答案】rejected 【解析】reject書(shū)面語(yǔ)，較正式 2. I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office. She just ________to stop talking while she works. 【答案】refuses 【解析】refuse拒絕 用expose的恰當(dāng)形式填空。 3

43、. The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock． 【答案】exposing 【解析】exposing非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞doing表伴隨 4. The baby was left ____________the wind and rain． 【答案】exposed to 【解析】exposed to 暴露于 5. This medicine is not?_________________?daylight. 【答案】to?be?exposed?to 【解析】expose to 暴露于 6. T

44、he _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life． 【答案】exposure 【解析】exposure 名詞做主語(yǔ) 用contribute的恰當(dāng)形式或短語(yǔ)填空。 7. Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discussion. 【答案】contribute to 【解析】contribute to 貢獻(xiàn) 8. Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficul

45、t subject. 【答案】contributed to 【解析】contributed to 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 9. She has __________ poems to literary magazines． 【答案】contributed 【解析】contribute + 名詞，及物動(dòng)詞 10. Each will?____________ 20 yuan. 【答案】contribute 【解析】contribute 每人攤20塊錢(qián)。 【拔高】 一）英譯漢 1. John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert

46、, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 【答案】約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生——他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成為照料維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。 2. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 【答案】人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。 3. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around unt

47、il it found its victims. 【答案】一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖著，像一股危險(xiǎn)的氣體到處漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者為止。 4. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 【答案】第二種看法是人們?cè)诔燥埖臅r(shí)候把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。 5. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in

48、ten days. He was determined to find out why. 【答案】他發(fā)現(xiàn)特別在兩條街道上霍亂流行的很?chē)?yán)重，在10天之內(nèi)就死去了500多人。他決心要查明其原因。 二）漢譯英 課文原句仿寫(xiě) 【原句】John Snow was a well-known doctor in Landon－( and he was) so famous, indeed (插入語(yǔ)), that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 1. 張老師是個(gè)熱心的老師，他那么善良我想當(dāng)他的學(xué)生生病時(shí)他一定樂(lè)

49、意幫助他們的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mr. Zhang is a warm-hearted teacher in our school—so kind, I think/ I believe/ I suppose/ I dare say (插入語(yǔ)), that he is sure to help his students when they are ill. 2. 李平是我們班一位用功的學(xué)生。他那么勤奮我想晚上不到11點(diǎn)他不會(huì)上床睡覺(jué)的。

50、 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Li Ping is a hard-working boy in my class－so diligent, I suppose, that he never goes to bed until 11 at night. 【解析】[模仿要點(diǎn)]兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并成一句，很好地運(yùn)用了插入語(yǔ)和符號(hào)來(lái)壓縮句子。 課文原句仿寫(xiě) 【原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all his m

51、athematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. 3. 雖然她不相信別人說(shuō)的話，可她所收集的證據(jù)得出這樣的結(jié)論：她的男朋友騙了她。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Though she didn’t believe what other people said, the evidences

52、that she collected led to the conclusion: that her boy friend cheated her. 4. 盡管他很聰明，但他不勤奮。他這學(xué)期所經(jīng)歷的失敗得出這樣的結(jié)論：不勞不獲 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Though he was very clever，he didn’t work hard and all his failure ( that she experienced) this te

53、rm led to the conclusion: that no pains no gains. 【解析】[模仿要點(diǎn)] 冒號(hào)加that從句 課文原句仿寫(xiě) 【原句】He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 5. 當(dāng)你步入校園，在你面前是一個(gè)種著各種花草的大花壇。在花壇的兩邊是兩個(gè)高大的樓房：左邊是教學(xué)樓，右邊是圖書(shū)館。 ___________________

54、____________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you enter the school, you can see in front of you a big flower bed with various kinds of flowers and grass growing in it and with two large buildings standing on both sides— the library on your right and the teaching building on

55、your left. 【解析】 [模仿要點(diǎn)] 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞。 課程小結(jié) 本節(jié)課主要圍繞必修五一單元詞匯進(jìn)行多方位記憶，將精心挑選出的詞匯、短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行匯編串聯(lián)，構(gòu)成趣味文章。需要重點(diǎn)掌握的是除了本單元的詞匯外，還有文章中出現(xiàn)的其他詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思。盡可能多的擴(kuò)大詞匯量，盡可能快的記住每個(gè)生詞的意思，近年高考對(duì)詞匯的考查越來(lái)越重視，因此，同學(xué)在通過(guò)詞匯量的增大，快速提高了閱讀能力，使整個(gè)高考題的卷面分?jǐn)?shù)全面提高。 課后作業(yè) 【基礎(chǔ)】 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 1. When was the pump put

56、 in? A. 2014 B. When all the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease. C. When the construction of the firework factory came to the stage of painting. D. 2015 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)文章第一段當(dāng)那座煙花工廠的建設(shè)到了油漆階段時(shí)，一個(gè)水泵被安裝進(jìn)來(lái)，所以本題選擇C 2. What did the disease look like? A.a cold

57、 B. a flu C.a bad burn D. a fever 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a bad burn，所以本題選擇C 3. Which is the main cause of the disease？ A.the paint B. the radium in the pump C.the pump D. the soil 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)Finally, he drew a scientific conclu

58、sion, linking the disease to the radium in the pump，所以本題選擇B. 【鞏固】 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫(xiě)和詞語(yǔ)用法： In the times of Queen Victoria, so-called "King Cholera" hit Londoners, which often 1 （導(dǎo)致）large numbers of 2 (dead). Thanks to John Snow, a then well known 3 , this deadly dise

59、ase finally got controlled. John Snow thought 4 most important was to find its 5 . So he began to gather the information, for which he made a map, on which he marked 6 the 7 （受害者）had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8 (污染) water was the cause of cholera and sugge

60、sted that the source of all water supplies 9 （檢查）immediately. Finally "King Cholera" 10 (defeat). 【答案】 1. resulted in 2. deaths 3. doctor 4. the 5. cause 6. where 7. victims 8. polluted 9. be examined 10. was defeated 【拔高】 英譯漢 1.

61、 First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. 【答案】首先，他在一張地圖上標(biāo)明了所有死者住過(guò)的地方。 2. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. 【答案】他馬上叫寬街上驚慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。這樣，水泵就用不成了。 3. He had shown that ch

62、olera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. 【答案】他證明了霍亂是由病菌而不是由氣體傳播的。 4. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 【答案】有一位婦女是從寬街搬過(guò)來(lái)的，她特別喜歡那里的水，每天都要派人從水泵打水運(yùn)到家里來(lái)。 5. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 【答案】為了防止這種情況的再度發(fā)生，約翰·斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過(guò)檢測(cè)。