《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點態(tài)度題學案 牛津譯林版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點態(tài)度題學案 牛津譯林版（20頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

1、二、觀點態(tài)度題 (2018·浙江，C) Asculturalsymbolsgo，theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago，withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(裝配線) onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem. ModernAmeric

2、awasbornontheroad，behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture：theroadsidediner，thebillboard，themotel，eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury，thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel，theroadmovie，thesearethemosttypicalAmer

3、icanideas，bornofabundantpetrol，cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem，thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory. In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocie

4、tyintoanindustrialpower. ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990. Theproblemsofexcessive(過度的) energyconsumption，climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefea

5、rstheworst，buthopesforthebest. Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經濟)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign，buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater，cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.” 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。其主題是“人與社會”，介紹了美國經典的“汽車文化”，它

6、對美國各方面的影響是巨大而深遠的。汽車給美國人民帶來便利的同時，也帶來了很多問題，例如能源的過度消耗、氣候變化以及污染等。素材的選擇旨在向考生傳遞一種科學的世界觀：看待事物一定要一分為二，分析利弊，趨利避害，利用事物好的方面為人類服務。 28.WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2? A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar. B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture. C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmerican

7、s. D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroadsystem. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture...eventhehamburger.”可知，汽車塑造了某些最持久的美國文化，其中就包括漢堡。由此可知，汽車對于漢堡文化的形成，影響是非常大的。所以，在第二段中提及漢堡，就是為了表明汽車對于美國文化有相當大的影響。故選B項。 29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto? A.Declineofe

8、conomy. B.Environmentalproblems. C.Ashortageofoilsupply. D.Afarm-basedsociety. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段第一句“ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.”可知，驅動美國夢的汽車導致了全球性的生態(tài)災難，即汽車的使用引起了環(huán)境問題。故選B項。 30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture? A.Ambiguous. B.Doubt

9、ful. C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant. 答案　C 解析　觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經濟) isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，Friedman認為綠色經濟是使美國保持實力的一個機遇。由此可知，他對美國的未來充滿了希望。故選C項。 一、題型解讀 所謂作者的觀點和態(tài)度，就是表達作者對某個話題、行為、事件的看法、感覺或判斷。作者的觀點和態(tài)度一般分為三大類：支持、贊同、樂觀；客觀、中立；反對、批評、懷疑、悲觀。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里

10、行間。因此，在推斷過程中，應特別注意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞或副詞。此類試題往往讓考生推斷文章作者或文中人物對某事所持的態(tài)度、觀點或看法，或推斷文中人物的語氣、性格等。設問形式常有： 1.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowards...? 2.Whatistheauthor’sopinionon...? 3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...? 二、解題技巧——“忠于措辭”定選項 1.文章作者或文中人物對某事物所持的觀點或態(tài)度往往隱含在文章的字里行間或流露于修飾詞之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辭。 (1)正確掌握字

11、里行間所隱含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的觀點來代替作者或文中人物的觀點。 (2)留意那些描寫所處氛圍的語言及表達情感、態(tài)度或觀點的詞語或句子。 (3)結合平時所積累的有關英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風俗習慣等的背景知識來進行合理的推斷。 (4)關注首段首尾句，推斷文章主題，確定作者觀點。 2.要分清選項中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反對或否定的詞語，再以此對照文章內容。下面是一些常見的有關作者情感、態(tài)度的詞語： (1)表示支持或肯定的詞語 favorable贊同的，有利的；positive積極的，肯定的，確實的；supportive支持的；approval贊成，正式批準；reasonable合

12、理的；enthusiastic熱情的等。 (2)表示反對或否定的詞語 critical批評的；negative否定的，消極的；disapproval不贊成；impractical不實際的；radical激進的；prejudiced有成見的，偏頗的等。 例如：【真題感悟】中第30題，根據最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經濟) isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，Friedman認為綠色經濟是使美國保持實力的一個機遇。由此可知，他對美國的未來充滿了希望。故選C項。 A (2019·如皋市高三

13、二模) Oursocietyisgenerallybecomingoneof6giantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall，well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages，Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic，andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts；yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanha

14、sbecomepowerless，thatheisboredwithit.Infact，theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement. Theworkerandemployeeareanxious，notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob，butalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionof

15、interestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthe1fundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings. Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsome10resp

16、ects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob，theyaretestedfor2intelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofobedienceandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—bythepsychologists，forwhomtest

17、ingisabigbusiness，andbytheirsuperiors，whojudgetheirbehavior，sociability，capacitytogetalong，etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress，theverycausesofunhappinessandillness. AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproduc

18、tionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism？Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhich

19、manandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend，andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman. 語篇解讀　本文為說明文。人們的工作和生活條件在逐漸變好，但人在社會中卻變得無足輕重。雇員憂慮的不僅是失業(yè)，還因為他們無法獲得生活的真正樂趣，生活在各種各樣的憂慮與壓力之中，才無幸?？裳?。因此作者建議將社會體系由一個以最大

20、限度的生產和消費為目的的官僚主義管理下的產業(yè)體系過渡到一個以充分發(fā)揮人的潛能為其全部社會工作之目的的人道主義產業(yè)體系。 1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis. A.anecessarypartthoughthefunctionofeachisinsignificant B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofsociety C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofsociety D.

21、anirreplaceablecomponentofsocietywhenworkingsmoothly 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。文章第一段指出，人成了社會大機器中微小的、潤滑良好的齒輪，高工資和通風良好的廠房便是潤滑油，但事實上人是無能為力的，藍領工人和白領階層都是毫無自主權的經濟傀儡。由此推斷，雖然工作生活條件不錯，但人在社會中卻是無足輕重的，故選C。 2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat. A.theyaremorelikelytolosetheirpresentwork B.theyhavenor

22、ealsatisfactionorinterestinlife C.theyareconfrontedwiththefundamentalrealities D.theyaredeprivedofindividualityandindependence 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。文章第二段點明了工人和雇員憂慮的原因，分析上下文可知，其真正原因是情感與理智上獨立的個體、富有創(chuàng)造性的人的生存狀態(tài)被忽視，分析選項可知，A和B只是部分原因，不全面；C項與文章內容相悖。故選D項。 3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelo

23、ngstothose. A.whoalwaysliveatthebottomofthesociety B.whotendtobehigherupintheirsocialstatus C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellowcompetitors D.whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由文章第二、三段可知，社會底層者、社會上層者和競爭中的勝利者都無法脫離充滿競爭的生存環(huán)境，因而都生活在各種各樣的憂慮與壓力之中，所以都無幸福可言，只有遠離這個充滿競爭的社會的人才可能獲得幸福，故選D。

24、 4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof. A.approval B.dissatisfaction C.suspicion D.sensibility 答案　B 解析　觀點態(tài)度題。文章最后一段提到，作者建議將社會體系由官僚主義下的產業(yè)體系過渡到人道主義的產業(yè)體系，由此可知，作者對現有產業(yè)體系的態(tài)度是不滿的。dissatisfaction不滿意。故選B。 B (2019·南京高三三模) Babieshaveanastonishingtalentthatadultsentirely

25、lose.Bytheageofone，theycanrecognisethe3significantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.11Whenwehavelostthis7capacityasadults，itbecomesenormouslydifficultto4distinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker.ItallsoundsGreektous.Thisisbecausetherangeofpossiblesoundsthathumansuseto

26、conveymeaningmaybeashighas2,000，butfewlanguagesusemorethan100andeventhenthesignificantnoises—thephonemes(音素) ofalanguage—eachcoverarangeofsoundsandsovague5distinctionswhichwouldchangethemeaningofawordinotherlanguages. Butwheredothesephonemescomefromandwhydothey8shiftovertime？Newresearchsuggeststhat

27、theapparentlyarbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexplainedbydiet.Thisisunexpected.We’dratherthinkoflanguageastheproductofourthought，ratherthanofthearrangementofourteeth.9Inreality，though，anygivenlanguagemustbeboth. Huntergathererlanguagesseldomusethesoundsknownaslabiodental

28、s(唇齒音)—thosesuchasfandv—thataremadebytouchingthelowerlipwiththeupperteeth.OnlytwoofthehundredsofAustralianaboriginallanguagesusethem，forexample.Butinculturesthathavediscoveredfarming，theseconsonants(輔音) aremuchmorecommon.Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodandmoredairythanhuntergatherers.Eith

29、erway，theyneedtochewmuchless，andtobitelesswiththeirfrontteeth.Sofarmersgrewupwithsmallerlowerjawsandmoreofanoverbitethantheirancestorswhohadtobitethroughharderfoods.Itbecameeasierforthemtomakethelabiodentalconsonantsinsteadofpurelylabial(唇音) ones：oneexampleisthatfcametotaketheplaceofp.Romanssaid“pat

30、er”butEnglishspeakers (unlessthey’reRees-Moggs) say“father”. Beyondtheseparticularchanges，thestoryhighlightsthewayinwhicheverythingdistinctivelyhumanisbothmaterialandspiritual：speechmustcombinesoundandmeaning，andthemeaningcan’texistorbetransmittedwithoutarealobject.Butneithercanitbereducedtothepure

31、lyphysical，asourinabilitytounderstandoreventorecogniseforeignlanguagesmakesclear.Thefoodweeatshapesourjaws，andourjawsinturnshapethesoundsofourlanguage.Theeasewithwhichweeatprobablyshapesourthoughttoo，asanyonewhohassufferedtoothachecouldtestify.12Whatweeatmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowwee

32、atchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress.Afamilymealisverydifferentfromasandwichattheofficedesk，evenifthecalorieisthesame.FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeepingusaliveandpleasingthePalate (味覺). 語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。主要敘述了人們一直以來認為語言是思想的產物，但是有新的研究表明飲食對于語言也會產生一些影響。且以f和v的發(fā)音為例，揭示了農民們發(fā)“f”和“v”音的原因是他們喜歡吃

33、更多的熟食。同時這也強調了人類特有的一切都是物質和精神的結合：語言必須把聲音和意義結合起來，沒有真實的物體，意義就不可能存在或傳播。 5.Comparedwithadults，babiescouldmoreeasily. A.createsignificantnoises B.classifytheformsofnoises C.understandtheGreeklanguage D.distinguishmeaningfulsounds 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第二句“Bytheageofone，theycanrecognizethesignificantn

34、oisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.”可知，一歲的嬰兒和成人相比更能識別出周圍的重要聲音，故選D。 6.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingfactorshelpshapelanguage? A.Lipsandteeth. B.Jobsandhabits. C.Ageandregions. D.Foodandthinking. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段內容，尤其是其中的diet，productofthought和“Inreality，though，anygivenlangua

35、gemustbeboth.”可知，食物和思想都有助于塑造語言。因此答案選擇D。 7.Thereasonforfarmers’makingsoundsof“f”and“v”is. A.enjoyingmorecookedfoods B.bitingmorewithfrontteeth C.constantlychewingharderfoods D.growingupwithlagerlowerjaws 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodandmoredairythanhuntergat

36、herers.”可知，農民比狩獵采集者吃更多的熟食和奶制品，即農民們發(fā)“f”和“v”音的原因是他們喜歡吃更多的熟食。故選A。 8.Bywritingthispassage，theauthorintendstoreveal. A.jawshelpshapeourthought B.fooddeterminesourthought C.diethassomeinfluenceonlanguage D.languageconsistsofsoundandmeaning 答案　C 解析　觀點態(tài)度題。根據第二段中的“Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparentlya

37、rbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexplainedbydiet.”和文章最后的“FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeepingusaliveandpleasingthePalate (味覺).”可知，作者寫這篇文章想要揭示的是：飲食對語言有一定的影響，故選C。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1.Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.根本的，基礎的 2.Useyourintelligence，

38、andyouaresuretoachievesomething.聰明才智 3.Theelevator’sroleinAmericanhistoryhasbeennolesssignificantthanthatofcars.重要的 4.Beforebirth，babiescandistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.分辨 5.Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.區(qū)別，區(qū)分 (二)同義詞語替換 6.Itcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgian

39、tfishareterrifyingthe drivers.huge/big/large 7.Wecan’timaginehowpowerfulachild’scapacityforlearningis.ability 8.Weneedtoshiftthefocusofthedebate.change 9.Outwardlysheseemedconfidentbutinrealityshefeltextremelynervous. in(actual)fact/ineffect/intruth/actually/asa matteroffact (三)一詞多義 10.respect

40、vt.尊敬；尊重；遵守n.尊敬；尊重；問候；關系；方面 (1)Tomisreallygoodatcomputer.Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.n.方面 (2)Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme，andIrespectherforthat.vt.敬重 (3)Intheworldeveryoneisequalandeveryoneshouldrespectthelaw.vt.遵守 (4)Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.n.尊重 (5)Givemyrespectstoyourparents

41、.n.問候，致意 Ⅱ.長難句理解 11.Whenwehavelostthiscapacityasadults，itbecomesenormouslydifficulttodistinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker. [句式分析]　本句為主從復合句，when引導的是時間狀語從句；thatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker為that引導的定語從句。 [精美譯文]　當我們作為成年人失去這種能力時，要區(qū)分截然不同于母語者的聲音就變得相當困難。 12.Whatweea

42、tmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowweeatchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress. [句式分析]　本句話是but連接的兩個并列句；在前一分句中Whatweeat是主語從句；在后一分句中howweeat是主語從句；howwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress是兩個并列的賓語從句。 [精美譯文]　我們所吃的食物可能已經塑造了我們語言的發(fā)音，但是我們吃的方式改變了我們的感覺和我們用語言來表達的東西。 強化練(二十) Ⅰ.單項填空 1.Onlythehop

43、ethattherescuersweregettingnearerthetrappedminers. (2019·蘇州八校高三聯考) A.suspended B.subscribed C.sustained D.suspected 答案　C 解析　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為：救援者越來越近，這唯一的希望支撐著深陷井下的礦工們(生存的信念)。suspend懸，掛；subscribe訂閱；sustain維持，支撐；suspect懷疑。分析句子可知，thattherescuersweregettingnearer為同位語從句解釋說明hope，根據句意，希望支撐著礦工，故選C。 2.Itis

44、evidentthatJameshasmadeasimplemistakeinhisjob，butdon’tscoldhimtoomuch；heisagreenhand.(2019·海安縣高三期末) A.bycontrastB.moreof　C.atrandomD.atbest 答案　D 解析　bycontrast相比之下；moreof更大程度上的；atrandom任意地；atbest最多，充其量。句意為：很明顯，詹姆斯在工作中犯了一個小錯誤，但不要過于責備他，他充其量就是個新手。故D項正確。 3.—Whatdoyouthinkofhersuggestion? —，itwouldbe

45、muchmoresensibletotalkaboutitlater. A.UsuallyB.Generally　C.ActuallyD.Exactly 答案　C 解析　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：——你覺得她的建議怎么樣？——事實上，稍后再談論這件事情會更明智一些。usually通常地，平常地；generally普遍地，廣泛地；exactly恰好，精確地；actually事實上，實際上，一般用于說明個人觀點或者糾正他人觀點。故選C項。 4.—Ihadmycomputerstoleninmyoffice，butluckilythepolicegotitbacktome. —Howunb

46、elievable！Thethiefit. A.needhavesold B.mighthavesold C.shouldhavesold D.musthavesold 答案　B 解析　考查虛擬語氣。句意為：——我的電腦在辦公室被偷了，但幸運的是警察把它還給了我?！y以置信！小偷本來可能賣掉它的。mighthavedone在句中表示過去本可能發(fā)生但實際上并沒有發(fā)生的事。故選B。 5.tofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildrenisMsThompsonwithatouringcompanyofprofessionalmusicians

47、. A.Devoting B.Devoted C.Beingdevoted D.Havingbeendevoted 答案　B 解析　考查固定搭配和倒裝。固定搭配：bedevotedtodoing...?；謴统烧ＵZ序是MsThompsonisdevotedtofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildren...，把be動詞后面的部分提前就變成了devotedto...is...，選B。 6.—Andwhathaveyougottosay? —ThereisonepointI’dlikeyouradvice.(2019·江蘇江都、華羅庚等中

48、學聯考) A.whichB.what　C.whereD.that 答案　C 解析　考查定語從句。句意為：——你有什么要說的？——有個我想聽聽你建議的地方。先行詞為point，從句中不缺主謂賓，所以關系詞作地點狀語，用where引導這個定語從句。故C項正確。 7.Thereisonlyonewaytoobtainhappinessandthatistoworryingaboutthingswhicharebeyondthepowerofourwill. A.ceaseB.recall　C.acknowledgeD.guarantee 答案　A 解析　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為：獲得幸

49、福的唯一方法就是停止擔心超越我們意志力的事情。cease停止；recall回憶；acknowledge承認；guarantee保證。根據句意可知，選A項。 8.Thepolicehaveanyonewithinformationtocomeforwardandtalktothem. A.appealedtoB.attendedto　C.respondedtoD.attachedto 答案　A 解析　appealto呼吁；attendto出席，參加；respondto做出反應；attachto附屬于。句意為：警方呼吁任何知道信息的人站出來與他們交談。由句意知選A。 9.Membersh

50、ipofthisclubisopentothosewhoareitsaim. A.insaluteto B.inhonourof C.inlinewith D.insympathywith 答案　D 解析　句意為：這個俱樂部的會員對那些贊同其宗旨的人開放。insaluteto向……致意，贊揚；inhonourof為紀念，為慶祝；inlinewith跟……一致，符合；insympathywith贊同，和……一致。根據句意，故選D。 10.—Whatwouldyouliketodothisweekend? —.It’suptoyou.(2019·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三聯考) A.Whate

51、verB.Definitely　C.GoaheadD.Goodidea 答案　A 解析　考查情景交際。Whatever無論什么；Definitely明確地；Goahead前進；Goodidea好主意。句意為：——這個周末你想做什么？——做什么都可以。由你決定。故選A。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A High-sugardietsraiserisksforheartdisease，obesityanddiabetes，butwedolovethesweets，sohealthexpertshavetriedtosuggestalternatives，andhoneyhasbeenforemosta

52、mongthem. Honeyisactuallysweeterthansugaris，whichmeans，intheoryatleast，thatyoucouldenhanceflavorequallywithasmallerquantityofhoney.Buthoneyactuallyhasahighercaloriecount.Itmayhavemoreminerals，whichlooksbetteronalabelbut，inreality，thesearesuchtraceamountsthattheydon’tofferanyrealadvantages. Honey’s

53、reputationasamedicineisnotwhollyunfounded.Somehoneydoesindeedhaveantibacterialproperties.Onebyproductofenzymesinhoneyishydrogenperoxide，apowerfulgermkiller.Plus，honey’stextureandconsistencyaregoodforkeepingwoundsclean，andbadforbugsthatmightwanttoinfectthem.Honeyismoistanditsgooeyconsistencymeansitca

54、neasilyspreadoverandstayoverwoundswhilekeepingthetissuefrombecomingdryandfragile.Thestickysubstancemeansbacteriacannotaccumulateandmultiplyeasily.Itisparticularlywell-knownforfightingbacterialikestaph，salmonella，E.Coliandcertainbacteriathatcaninfectthegutandcauseulcers. However，scientistscanonlysay

55、thisforsureaboutMakunaandMalaysianTualanghoney.Wedon’tknowyetwhetherlocalhomegrownhoneyhasthesamepotencyorsafety.Ahotcupofteawithsomehoneystirredincertainlysoundslikeitwouldmakeyoufeelbetter.Butit’sdifficulttosayforsurethatitwill. Whenyouhaveacold，contactwithwarmwater (fromtea) mayhelptobustupphleg

56、m(痰)thatblocksyourairways.Butsomesuspecttherealsecrettothequalitiesofacuppaisinthehoney.Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin. Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbythemedia.Oneofthefindingsthat

57、seemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegscamefromastudythatsaidtherewas“nodifference”，statisticallyspeaking，betweenhoneyandoneparticularcoughsuppressant. 11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.Honeyhasmoremineralsthansugar. B.Honeycanbeusedtotreatwounds. C.Thesweetnessinhoneycanfightbacteri

58、a. D.Allkindsofhoneycanactasmedicines. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段第四句“Plus，honey’stextureandconsistencyaregoodforkeepingwoundsclean，andbadforbugsthatmightwanttoinfectthem.”可知，蜂蜜可以用來治療傷口。故選B。 12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudewhenitcomestothefunctionsofhoney? A.Objective.B.Critical.　C.Supportive.D.Skeptical.

59、 答案　A 解析　觀點態(tài)度題。根據第五段最后一句“Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin.”和第六段第一句“Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbythemedia.”可知，作者對蜂蜜的作用持客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。 13.Whatmightbetalkedaboutnext? A.Honeywillbewidel

60、yusedinotherfields. B.Honeywillnotberecommendedinmedicaltreatmentanymore. C.Otherstudiesshowedhoneyworkedbetterthansomecoughmedicines. D.Otherstudiesshowedneitherhoneynorsomecoughmedicinesfunctionedwell. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Oneofthefindingsthatseemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegs

61、camefromastudythatsaidtherewas‘nodifference’，statisticallyspeaking，betweenhoneyandoneparticularcoughsuppressant.”可知，文章接下來講述的應該是“蜂蜜將不再被推薦用于醫(yī)療。”故選B。 B (2019·蘇州高三期中) Whetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend，atleastinpart，onwhichemergencymedicalservices (EMS) agencyshowsuptotreatyou，anewstudysuggests

62、. ResearchersfoundawidevariationincardiacarrestsurvivalratesdependingonwhichEMSagencyprovidedinitialtreatment，accordingtothestudypublishedinJAMACardiology.Theoddsofsurvivingtohospitaldischarge(出院)couldvarybymorethan50percentfortwosimilarpatientstreatedbytworandomlyselectedEMSagencies.“Wefoundlargeo

63、utcomevariationsbetweenEMSagenciesthatcomeafteracardiacarrestevenafteradjustingformanyfactors，”saidleadauthorMasashiOkubo，aninstructorofemergencymedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh. ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterthanothers，however.“Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderly

64、ingfactors，”O(jiān)kubosaid. Cardiacarrest“istheabruptlossofheartfunction，andifappropriatestepsarenottakenimmediately，itmostoftenisfatal，”explainedGreggFonarow，aprofessorofcardiovascularmedicineandscienceattheDavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Healsoisco-directoroftheUCLAP

65、reventiveCardiologyProgram.“EachyearintheUnitedStates，morethan350,000cardiacarrestsoccuroutsidethehospitalsetting.” Altogether，theresearchersstudied43,656patientstreatedfrom2011to2015by112EMSagencies.Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital，variationsamongagenc

66、ieswerequitelarge：theworstperformingagencyhad0survivorsoutof36patientstreated，or0percent，ascomparedwith66survivorsoutof228patientstreated，ornearly30percent，forthebest-performingagency. Thepatternwassimilarwhenitcametorecoveryoffunctionbythetimeapatientwasdischargedfromthehospital.Theworstperformingagencyinthiscategoryhadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin0outof87patients，whilethebesthadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin11outof54patients，or20percent. “Thesefindingssuggesttheremaybeimportantdifferencesinth