2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題十一 情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣 外研版 1．—I didn't apologize to him for being unable to inform him of the change in the plan. —But you________. A．ought to have　　　　　 B．have to C．should D．must have 答案 A [句意：——我并沒有因為沒能告訴他計劃中的變化而向他道歉?！悄銘?yīng)該道歉。根據(jù)but可知此處用ought to have＝ought to have done表示(過去)本該做卻未做；B.have to不得不；C.should應(yīng)該，表現(xiàn)在或?qū)碇猓籇.must have(done )(過去)一定做了某事。] 2．Do you know Herbie？I'm always running into him；he________live nearby. A．would B．need C．must D．should 答案 C [考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你認識Herbie嗎？我總是遇見他，他肯定住在附近，表示比較肯定的推測用must。] 3．________a little earlier this morning！I missed the bus by only a minute and waited half an hour for another. A．If I had got up B．If I got up C．If only I had got up D．If only I got up 答案 C [句意：今天早晨我如果早點起床的話就好了！那輛公共汽車我只耽誤了一分鐘，等另一輛車等了半小時。根據(jù)第二句可知第一句是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，所以空格處的謂語動詞應(yīng)用had done；if only...相當(dāng)于how I wish...，意為：要是……的話就好了，但愿……。] 4．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player? —If you can help do some housework the whole vacation，you________have one as a reward. A．must B．need C．would D．shall 答案 D [句意：——媽媽，你能給我買一個MP5嗎？——如果整個假期你能幫著做家務(wù)的話，你可以得到一個(MP5)作為獎勵。shall此處表允諾。must必須，need需要，would愿意，均不符合語境。] 5．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week? —The trees________well，but I didn't water them. A．might grow B．needn't have grown C．would have grown D．would grow 答案 C [句意：——我們上周種的小樹怎么了？——(如果我澆水的話)那些樹會長得很好，但是我沒澆水。根據(jù)but后的分句可知空格處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，補全原句為：If I had watered them，the trees would have grown well，but I didn't water them.。] 6．When he was there，he________go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A．must B．should C．would D．might 答案 C [考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：當(dāng)他還在那兒時，每天下班后都會去街角的咖啡店。根據(jù)語境可知此處應(yīng)用would表示過去常常。] 7．If he________that he________to work there then，everything would be OK now. A．insisted；be sent B．insisted；was sent C．had insisted；be sent D．had insisted；was sent 答案 C [考查動詞時態(tài)和虛擬語氣的用法。當(dāng)insist表示“堅持要求”時，其后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，從句的謂語動詞用(should)do，由此可以排除B、D兩項；另外，從句表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的虛擬，謂語動詞要用had done的形式，因此C項正確。] 8．________it rain tomorrow，we would have to cancel the football match. A．Were B．Would C．Will D．Should 答案 D [考查虛擬語氣和倒裝語序。句意：如果明天下雨，我們將不得不取消足球比賽。前半句是對將來情況的虛擬，正常語序是“If it should rain tomorrow”。省略if后，要將should提到主語之前，引起倒裝。] 9．I actually believe that we________in Xi'an now if you hadn't been caught drunk driving last month. A．would be B．would have been C．were D．had been 答案 A [考查虛擬語氣。句意：事實上，我認為如果上個月你沒因酒駕被逮住的話，我們現(xiàn)在就在西安呢。if從句中的時間狀語為過去時間(last month)，而主句的時間狀語為now，所以主句是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬，應(yīng)為would be。本題為“錯綜時間虛擬條件句”。] 10．The weather turned out to be fine.I________the trouble to carry the umbrella with me. A．should have taken B．needn't have taken C．mustn't have taken D．could have taken 答案 B [句意：結(jié)果天氣不錯，我本不必費那么大勁帶著雨傘的。根據(jù)turned可知是敘述過去的情況，根據(jù)語境可知用needn't have done本不必做卻做了；A表示本該做卻沒做；D表示本來能夠……，C項形式不正確。] 11．—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch. —Sorry，I________.I have another appointment. A．won't B．shan't C．can't D．mustn't 答案 C [考查情態(tài)動詞用法。根據(jù)下文“I have another appointment”可知，我不可能留下來吃午飯。can't意為“不可能”，符合題意。] 12．—Has your brother found a job? —Not yet.There are many jobs that he________do but he seems unwilling to do anything. A．shall B．could C．must D．should 答案 B [考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意：——你的哥哥找到工作了嗎？——還沒有。有很多他能做的工作，但是他似乎不愿意做任何事情。情態(tài)動詞could可以表示“現(xiàn)在的能力”，語氣較can委婉。] 13．If the first few sentences of your application letter fail to win the reader's attention，the rest of the letter________not be read at all. A．must B．shall C．may D．should 答案 C [考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，如果申請信的前幾句不能吸引讀者，那么其余部分可能也就不會被閱讀了。may表示“可能”，符合語境。] 14．—I________thank you enough for what you have done for me. —You're wele. A．may not B．will not C．must not D．cannot 答案 D [句意：——你為我所做的一切我感激不盡?！獎e客氣。cannot...enough/ cannot...to...“再……也不為過”，固定搭配。] 15．—What is a good boss like? —It's hard to say，but I think he________be responsible，determined and creative. A．can B．may C．should D．would 答案 C [考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：——一名好老板會是什么樣子？——很難說。但我認為他應(yīng)該是有責(zé)任心，有決心且具有創(chuàng)造性的。should應(yīng)該；can能夠；may可能，可以；would愿意。]