2022年高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 定語從句 北師大版
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1、2022年高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 定語從句 北師大版 一、關(guān)系代詞的用法 1.that和which的用法 (1)限制性定語從句中,必須用關(guān)系代詞that的情況: ①當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one時。 You should hand in all that you have. ②當(dāng)先行詞前面被the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all等詞修飾時。 This is the only thing that has been tried
2、. ③當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或先行詞的前面有形容詞最高級修飾時。 This is the best that has been used against pollution. ④當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前面有序數(shù)詞修飾時。 This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. ⑤當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ⑥當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時。 Which is the bike that you lost?
3、⑦有兩個定語從句時,其中一個關(guān)系代詞已用which,另外一個宜用that。 They secretly built up a small factory,which produced things that could cause pollution. ⑧當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語,而關(guān)系代詞也在從句中作表語時。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. (2)定語從句中必須用which的情況: ①在非限制性定語從句中,只用which,不用that。 Helen was much kinder to her youngest
4、son than to the others,which,of course,made the others envy him. ②當(dāng)動詞短語中的介詞提前時,只用which,不用that。 This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived. 2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時,關(guān)系代詞只能用which(指物)或whom(指人),即:介詞+which/whom。 They may start as a group of high-school students,for whom practising their m
5、usic in someone’s house is the first step to fame. He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall apple tree. 3.a(chǎn)s和which的區(qū)別 (1)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,既可在主句前,又可在主句后,有時還可插入主句中,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句之后。相同的是兩者都可替代主句的整個內(nèi)容,而不是主句中的某一個詞。 The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we
6、could expect. (2)當(dāng)非限制性定語從句放在主句前面時,只能用as。 As is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month. (3)當(dāng)定語從句放在主句后面時,也并不是as就永遠(yuǎn)等于which。 ①當(dāng)定語從句是否定句或表示否定時,只能用which。 He came here very late,which was unexpected(not expected). ②當(dāng)非限制性定語從句的謂語后跟一個復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時,只能用which引導(dǎo)定語從句。 Betty always tell
7、s a lie,which her parents feel strange. 二、關(guān)系副詞的用法 1.當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時,要用關(guān)系副詞。 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.(when=on which) Can you tell me the office where he works?(where=in which) 2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)=where/when。有時為表達(dá)清楚,還可以在關(guān)系副詞where/when前加介詞from,to等。 China is the birthplac
8、e of kites,from where kites spread to Japan and Korea. 3.高考對關(guān)系副詞where的考查。 高考試題中對于where的考查趨于復(fù)雜,從先行詞為明顯的“地點”轉(zhuǎn)為“地點的模糊化”。事實上,對于where這個詞,考生不能只理解為表地點。當(dāng)先行詞表示某人/物的situation,或某事所發(fā)展的stage,或表達(dá)某事的某個方面時都可用where這個關(guān)系副詞。 The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in. 1.Steph
9、en Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet________life has developed gradually.(xx·福建,24) A.that B.where C.which D.whose 2.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.(xx·江西,31) A.where B.who C.w
10、hich D.what 3.That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.(xx·山東,24) A.that B.which C.whose D.what 4.—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber’s________I go.It’s only 15.(xx·天津,8) A.a(chǎn)s B.which C.where D.that 5.The old temple____
11、____roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.(xx·陜西,11) A.where B.which C.its D.whose 一、選擇合適的關(guān)系詞填空 1.—The authors of puter viruses are geniuses. —I agree.They should apply their wisdom to other net technology from ________(which/that) human beings can benefit. 2.During World War Ⅱ,h
12、e took many photos,________________(of which/by which) some captured the emotions of both the soldiers and the civilians in the war-torn Europe. 3.We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people,most of ________(which/whom) are healthy. 4.That is the small house less than 20 square meters,unde
13、r ________(which/whose)roof lives a large family of three generations. 5.Tom took the police to the spot ________(which/where) the accident happened. 6.The lazy boy is expecting a way ________(that/which) he can get through the exams without hard work. 7.Since 1995,________(when/which) people cal
14、l the Year of the Internet,the world has turned flat thanks to the network. 8.This is the same watch ________(that/which) I lost. 二、單項填空 1.It is morning ________ we have four classes,not afternoon. A.when B.which C.that D.why 2.Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrive
15、d,many of ________ even cried with joy. A.those B.them C.whom D.who 3.The appearance of a super skyscraper in the desert is far beyond our imagination,________ throws great doubt on the height of the tall building. A.that B.one C.which D.it 4.He saw her ing,and advised me to hide behind th
16、e door,________ advice I took at once. A.whose B.what C.that D.which 5.With the reform of educational system,the teachers ________ school I worked before have greatly changed their way of teaching. A.in whose B.whose C.in which D.which 6.She’s in a hopeless situation,________ we will keep
17、 a very close eye on. A.where B.when C.which D.that 7.Ms.Claire is a strict but kind teacher,________ I respect and appreciate most. A.that B.what C.one D.which 8.The good situation came at last ________ we had been expecting in the past two years. A.where B.that C.when D.in which 9.
18、On the top of the mountain stands an old temple,inside ________ is an old tower. A.what B.that C.which D.where 10.The National Education Department says school safety has set off alarm bells with frequent serious accidents ________ students got injured or even killed. A.that B.in which C.by
19、 which D.when 答案 感悟高考 1.B [句意為:斯蒂芬·霍金認(rèn)為:地球不大可能是有生命進(jìn)化現(xiàn)象的唯一星球。限制性定語從句中缺少地點狀語,where在此處引導(dǎo)定語從句并作地點狀語,修飾先行詞planet。A、C和D三個選項都不能在從句中作狀語。] 2.A [句意為:這個女孩安排在培訓(xùn)中心和她的妹妹上鋼琴課,在那兒她要待上一個小時。where在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞the training centre。] 3.C [句意為:那是臺新機器,它的零件小得都看不見。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作parts的定語。] 4.C [答句前句句意為:——你應(yīng)該去我去的那
20、家理發(fā)店嘗試一下。where引導(dǎo)定語從句,在定語從句中作狀語,并替代先行詞the barber’s(理發(fā)店)。其余選項不能在定語從句中作地點狀語。] 5.D [句意為:那座房頂在一場暴風(fēng)雨中被毀壞的古老的寺廟現(xiàn)在正在維修。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,并在定語從句中作定語,修飾roof。] 領(lǐng)悟語法 一、1.which 2.of which 3.whom 4.whose 5.where 6.that 7.which 8.that 二、1.A [when引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞morning并在從句中作時間狀語。] 2.C [whom引導(dǎo)定語從句指代先行詞thousands of Haitia
21、ns。] 3.C [which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代前一句的內(nèi)容且在從句中作主語。] 4.A [whose引導(dǎo)定語從句指代先行詞he且在從句中作advice的定語。] 5.A [whose指代先行詞the teachers,in whose school在定語從句中作地點狀語。] 6.C [which指代前一句的內(nèi)容,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且在從句中作on的賓語。] 7.C [one作a strict but kind teacher的同位語,I respect and appreciate most作one的定語,其前省略了關(guān)系詞。] 8.B [that指代先行詞the good situation,引導(dǎo)定語從句且在從句中作expect的賓語。] 9.C [which指代先行詞an old temple且引導(dǎo)定語從句。] 10.B [in which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞accidents且在從句中作地點狀語。]
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