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1、2022高考英語一輪達標 Unit 3 Life in the future練題（含解析）新人教版必修5 一、閱讀理解。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 Tea，the most typical English drink，became established in Britain because of the influence of a foreign princess，Catherine of Braganza，the queen of Charles Ⅱ.As a lover of tea since her childhood in Po

2、rtugal，she brought tea-drinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the_beverage in the 17th century.The fashion soon spread beyond the circle of the nobility to the middle classes，and tea became a popular drink at the London coffee houses where people met to do business and discuss event

3、s of the day.Many employers served a cup of tea to their workers in the middle of the morning，thus inventing a lasting British institution，the“tea break”．However，drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of British people.It came with a high price tag

4、 and tea was taxed as well. Around 1800，the seventh Duchess of Bedford，Anna Maria Russell，began the popular practice of“afternoon tea”，a ceremony taking place at about four o'clock.Until then，people did not usually eat or drink anything between lunch and dinner.At approximately the same time，the Ea

5、rl of Sandwich popularized a new way of eating bread—in thin slices，with something like jam or cucumbers between them.Before long，a small meal at the end of the afternoon，involving tea and sandwiches, became part of the British way of life. As tea became much cheaper during the 19th century，its pop

6、ularity spread right through all corners of the British society.Thus，tea became Britain's favorite drink.In working-class households，it was served with the main meal of the day，eaten when workers returned home after a day's labor.This meal has bee known as“high tea”．Today，tea can be drunk at any tim

7、e of the day，and accounts for over two-fifths of all drinks consumed in Britain—with the exception of water. 1．What is mainly discussed about tea in the text? A．Its development in Britain. B．Its traditional ways of drinking. C．Its influence around the world. D．Its popularity in Europe. 2．What

8、do the underlined words“the beverage”probably refer to? A．Tea drinking. B．A small meal. C．A way of eating bread. D．A choice of drinks. 3．Why was tea unable to be accepted as a mon drink in Britain in the 17th century? A．It was merely served in London. B．It was taxed as an alcoholic drink. C．

9、It was forbidden in business settings. D．It was too expensive for most people. 4．How is the text organized? A．By cause and effect. B．By parison. C．In time order. D．In frequency order. 【解題導語】本文介紹了茶在英國的發(fā)展歷史及其受歡迎的原因。 1．A　考查主旨大意。從文章第一段的“in the 17th century”、第二段的“Around 1800”及第三段的“during the 19th

10、 century”可知，本文主要介紹了茶在英國的發(fā)展。故選A項。 2．A　考查詞義猜測。從文中的“she brought tea-drinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the_beverage”可知，她把喝茶的習慣帶到了英國皇室并開啟了英國人喝茶的潮流，故選A項。 3．D　考查細節(jié)理解。從文章第一段的“However, drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of Britis

11、h people.It came with a high price tag and tea was taxed as well”可知，17世紀，在英國茶不能作為一種普遍的飲料的原因是對大多數(shù)英國人來說，它的價格高并被征稅。故選D項。A項錯在“merely”，文中未提及；B項錯在“alcoholic”，文中并未提及；C項錯在“forbidden in business settings”，與文章第一段的內(nèi)容不符。 4．C　考查細節(jié)理解。從文章第一段的“in the 17th century”、第二段的“Around 1800”及第三段的“during the 19th century”可知，

12、文章是按照時間順序來組織的。故選C項。 二、單句語法填空 1．She can't tolerate ________(treat) that way. 答案：being treated　tolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主語she與treat之間為被動關系，故填動名詞的被動形式，即being treated。 2．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep ________(impress)． 答案：impression　leave sb. a deep impressi

13、on “給某人留下深刻印象”。 3．________(devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things. 答案：Devoted　本句中含有be devoted to的結構，結合句子結構可知，應用過去分詞短語作狀語，描述一種狀態(tài)，即“潛心于研究工作”，故填devoted。 4．Please pass the papers on to the students ________(seat) at the back of the classroom. 答案：seated　分析句子結構可知，設

14、空處作定語，修飾the students，因此用所給詞的形容詞形式表示“入座的，就座的”這種狀態(tài)。故填seated。 5．Sales director is a position ________munication ability is just as important as sales skills. 答案：where　設空處所填詞引導定語從句，指代表抽象地點的先行詞position，關系詞在從句中作狀語，意為“在此職位上”，故填where。 6．In ________(e) the headmaster, followed by a group of students. 答案：

15、came　表示方向的副詞位于句首，且句子主語為名詞，句子應采用全部倒裝結構。 7．He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself ________(surround)． 答案：surrounded　本句中賓語himself和surround存在被動關系，應用過去分詞作賓補，故填surrounded。 8．The old man got on the bus, ________(support) by a girl. 答案：supported　the old man與support之間為被動關系，故填過去分詞supported

16、，在此處作方式狀語。 9．He is always ready to take ________heavy responsibilities. 答案：up　take up “開始擔當(新的責任)”。take up responsibility “承擔責任”。 10．No one in the carriage had ________(previous) spoken to the ticket owner before. 答案：previously　句意：事先車上沒人和這個持票人說過話。副詞作狀語修飾動詞短語had spoken to。 三、完形填空。 There was o

17、nce a widow who had two daughters.The __1__ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didn't love the other，who resembled her __2__，although she was pretty and friendly. The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister

18、.Among her other __4__ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day __5__. One day __6__ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she __7__. Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a(

19、n)__8__ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty __9__ your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel.” When the girl reached home，her ill mother __10__ her for her long absence.“Pardon me fo

20、r being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her __11__. “What is this I see，child？” asked the __12__ widow. The poor girl was so happy to be __13__ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her __14__ with the old woman at the fountain.The

21、 widow immediately __15__ her favorite daughter to do as the __16__ girl had done. When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the __17__，a beautiful lady appeared and __18__ a drink of water from the girl. “I have not e here to serve you，” she __19__ replied. The lady，who was the f

22、airy，said，“I will make you a gift to __20__ your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)．” 1．A.good-tempered B．bad-tempered C．kind D．beautiful 2．A.daughter B．teacher C．mother D．father 3．A.plain B．play C．work D．study 4．A.easy B．hard C

23、．interesting D．boring 5．A.within reach B．with ease C．without hesitation D．from a great distance 6．A.when B．while C．once D．before 7．A.hesitated B．a(chǎn)greed C．left D．a(chǎn)rgued 8．A.boy B．old woman C．old man D．fairy 9．A.although B．but C．while

24、 D．a(chǎn)nd 10．A.scolded B．praised C．thanked D．forgave 11．A.waist B．hair C．lips D．hands 12．A.amused B．interested C．a(chǎn)stonished D．frightened 13．A.awarded B．called C．showed D．taught 14．A.difficulty B．thought C．experiment D．experience 15．A.ad

25、vised B．got C．forced D．invited 16．A.slim B．tall C．elder D．poor 17．A.river B．pool C．fountain D．well 18．A.asked for B．a(chǎn)sked of C．a(chǎn)sked about D．a(chǎn)sked after 19．A.rudely B．jokingly C．proudly D．hurriedly 20．A.deserve B．face C．equal

26、 D．repay 【解題導語】本文主要講述了兩個性格和外表不同的姐妹對給予他人幫助的不同反應及她們得到的相應的結果，彰顯了善有善報的道理。 1．B　根據(jù)下文中的“her ill mother”并結合下文她訓斥小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。 2．D　根據(jù)語境中的轉折可知，此處與“herself”形成對比。小女兒不像她而是像父親。 3．C　根據(jù)下文中的“Among her other __4__ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day __5__”并結合“l(fā)ive upon the leftovers of her elder sis

27、ter”可推知，小女兒整天要做許多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。 4．B　根據(jù)上文中的“The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day”可推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。 5．D　根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過得很艱難。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女兒還得每天從很遠的地方挑水，這與其艱難的生活境況呼應。 6．A　此處應用when引導定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語，修飾先行詞One day。 7．B　根據(jù)空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the o

28、ld woman”可推知，小女兒答應了老婦人的請求。 8．D　根據(jù)下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老婦人是仙女變過來的。 9．D　根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關系，故選D。 10．A　與“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼應并結合下文小女兒的道歉可知，此處表示小女兒受到母親的訓斥。 11．C　根據(jù)上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel”可知，小女兒以后說話會口吐花兒或者寶石，故選C。lip“嘴唇”，符合

29、語境。 12．C　小女兒突然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親自然很吃驚。astonished“吃驚的”。 13．B　根據(jù)上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡婦很震驚，對小女兒的態(tài)度突然轉變，柔和了很多，稱她為“孩子”。 14．D　小女兒迫切地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。 15．B　get sb.to do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語境。 16．D　與上文中的“The poor girl”呼應可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。 17．C 　與上文中的“One day __6__ she had just filled h

30、er pot at the fountain”呼應可推知，大女兒也來到噴泉那里。 18．A 　與上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼應可推知，一個漂亮的女士向大女兒討水喝。 19．A　與下文中的“your rudeness”呼應可推知，當時大女兒舉止很粗魯，與上文的“the impatient girl”呼應，故選A。 20．C　結合語境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的粗魯相匹配的禮物。equal“比得上”。 四、單句改錯 1．Despite his lack experience, he

31、 got the job. _____________________________________________________ 答案：lack后加of　lack of... “缺少……；……的缺乏”，該短語中l(wèi)ack為名詞，常與of連用。 2．As far as I know, the government will speed the pace of our economic reform. _____________________________________________________ 答案：speed后加up　speed up “加速”。 3．Giving

32、another hour, I can also work out this problem. _____________________________________________________ 答案：Giving→Given　give與I之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，故應用過去分詞作狀語，表被動意義。 4．The place was so crowded and we soon lose sight of him. _____________________________________________________ 答案：lose→lost　and連接兩個并列的簡單句，由前

33、一句中的was可知，后一分句應用一般過去時。 5．At sight of the snake, the girl burst into tears. _____________________________________________________ 答案：sight前加the　at the sight of “一看見……”。 五、七選五 Imagine that you're an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time.You've learned all your lines and you k

34、now where to walk on stage.Waiting behind the closed curtain，you can hear the audience whispering.Then your big moment arrives！The curtain goes up，and the crowd falls silent.All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you.__1__ The inside of your mouth is dry，and your hands are wet. If you've

35、experienced a moment like this，you know all too well what it means to have stage fright.It's one of the most mon types of fear.__2__ You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports，giving a talk，or even speaking in class. __3__ The experience differs from person to person，but the same chem

36、ical process occurs on each of us.In reaction to anxiety，our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly.Scientists refer to this as our bodies' “fight for fright” reaction.As a result，we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat，our hearts race and knees sh

37、ake. __4__ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.Firstly，dress fortably and appropriately.Secondly，before the performance，take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body.Thirdly，stay away from drinks that co

38、ntain caffeine(咖啡因)．__5__ Instead，try a banana！Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body.Finally，when you look into a crowd，try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group.These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fea

39、rs. A．They might make your heart race even faster. B．Maybe you don't have to be onstage to get stage fright. C．Stage fright is really part of the body's reaction to stress. D．With practice，we can learn how to relax while playing sports. E．Then you try to speak your lines，but nothing seems to e

40、out. F．There's a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage. G．However，the good news about stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it. 【解題導語】本文主要介紹了人們經(jīng)常會經(jīng)歷的舞臺恐懼及應對舞臺恐懼的幾種方法。 1．E　上文提到了站在舞臺上的所聽所見，下文提到了舞臺恐懼的表現(xiàn)，所以中間連接句也應是在舞臺上的表現(xiàn)，所以選E項。 2．B　下文提到在參加體育運動、演講甚至在課堂上發(fā)言都可能會經(jīng)歷這種恐懼，所以空處應講的是有時這種恐懼不一定只出現(xiàn)在舞臺上，所以選B項。 3．C　本段講的是舞臺恐懼產(chǎn)生的過程及身體對壓力的反應，所以空處應該解釋舞臺恐懼與身體反應的聯(lián)系，所以選C項。 4．G　下文講的是應對舞臺恐懼的方法，所以空處應統(tǒng)領本段內(nèi)容，所以選G項。 5．A　上文提到要遠離含有咖啡因的飲料，下文應該陳述原因，所以選A項。