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1、會計學1八年級下冊英語八年級下冊英語(yn y)Unit Grammar focus第一頁，共43頁。Unit 2Section AGrammar Focus第1頁/共43頁第二頁，共43頁。短語短語(duny)動詞動詞 短語(duny)動詞是指英語中有些動詞和其他詞類一起連用，構(gòu)成一個固定詞組，可看成一個整體，相當于一個單獨的動詞，這種組合稱之為短語(duny)動詞。第2頁/共43頁第三頁，共43頁。動詞動詞+ 介詞介詞此類短語動詞可以此類短語動詞可以(ky)用作及物動詞用作及物動詞, 后面必須接賓語。后面必須接賓語。 Look at the blackboard, please! 請看黑板

2、！請看黑板！此類短語動詞還有此類短語動詞還有l(wèi)isten to, depend on / upon, look for, deal with, look after, take after, wait for等。等。 短語動詞的構(gòu)成基本短語動詞的構(gòu)成基本(jbn)有下列幾種有下列幾種:第3頁/共43頁第四頁，共43頁。動詞動詞+ 副詞副詞 此類短語動詞既可以用作及物動詞此類短語動詞既可以用作及物動詞(j w dn c), 也可以用作不及物動詞也可以用作不及物動詞(j w dn c)。 I get up very early every morning. 我每天早晨都很早起床。我每天早晨都很早起

3、床。 第4頁/共43頁第五頁，共43頁。注意注意(zh y): 當此類短語動詞用作及物動詞時當此類短語動詞用作及物動詞時, 如果賓語如果賓語是名詞是名詞, 可以將其放在短語的后面可以將其放在短語的后面, 也可以放在也可以放在動詞和副詞之間；如果賓語是代詞動詞和副詞之間；如果賓語是代詞, 則必須將則必須將其放在動詞和副詞之間。其放在動詞和副詞之間。第5頁/共43頁第六頁，共43頁。 He put on his clothes quickly. = He put his clothes on quickly. 他快速他快速(kui s)地穿上了衣服。地穿上了衣服。 Please wake me u

4、p at five tomorrow morning. 請明天早晨五點鐘叫醒我。請明天早晨五點鐘叫醒我。第6頁/共43頁第七頁，共43頁。此類短語此類短語(duny)動詞還有：動詞還有：clean up, cheer up, give out, eat up, fix up, give up, give away, hand out, help out, put off, put up, take off等。等。 第7頁/共43頁第八頁，共43頁。動詞動詞+ 副詞副詞(fc)+ 介詞介詞 此類短語動詞可以用作及物動詞。此類短語動詞可以用作及物動詞。 Were running out of wa

5、ter. 我們的水快用光了。我們的水快用光了。此類短語動詞還有此類短語動詞還有come up with, do well in, look forward to, look down upon, look out of, put up with等。等。 第8頁/共43頁第九頁，共43頁。動詞動詞(dngc)+名詞名詞+介詞介詞 此類短語動詞此類短語動詞(dngc)的意義取決于名詞的意義取決于名詞,而而不是動詞不是動詞(dngc),修飾時不用副詞而用形容修飾時不用副詞而用形容詞。詞。 We should take good care of our parents. 我們應該好好照顧我們的父母。我

6、們應該好好照顧我們的父母。此類短語動詞此類短語動詞(dngc)還有還有make use of, take pride in, make friends with, pay attention to等。等。 第9頁/共43頁第十頁，共43頁。4a4aFill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.1. I want to _ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. Im too busy with my studies this year.2. She hopes

7、to _ at least five primary schools to ask if they need to volunteers for their after-school programs.put uphand outcall upcheer upcome up withgive output off第10頁/共43頁第十一頁，共43頁。put uphand outcall upcheer upcome up withgive output off3. Our class is trying to _ some ideas to _ sick children because th

8、ey are often sad.4. We decided to _ signs around the school and _ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _ the money from the sale to homeless people.第11頁/共43頁第十二頁，共43頁。 put up 張貼；搭建張貼；搭建 He put up some signs asking for old bikes. 他張貼了一些尋求舊自行車的告示。他張貼了一些尋求舊自行車的告示。 They quickly put up a

9、 tent. 他們他們(t men)迅速地搭建了一個帳篷。迅速地搭建了一個帳篷。第12頁/共43頁第十三頁，共43頁。 I bought a nice picture and _ on the wall. A. put up it B. put it up C. put up them D. put them up【點撥】選B。代替a nice picture 應用代詞(dic)it, 排除C、D兩項；put up 是“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，代詞(dic)作賓語時應置于短語中間。 第13頁/共43頁第十四頁，共43頁。put off 推遲；拖延推遲；拖延 We cant put off

10、making a plan. 我們不能推遲制訂計劃。我們不能推遲制訂計劃。(1)put off “推遲；拖延推遲；拖延”，是由，是由“動詞動詞+副詞副詞(fc)”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，其后可接名詞、構(gòu)成的短語動詞，其后可接名詞、代詞或動詞代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語。形式作賓語。(2)當代詞作賓語時，要放在動詞和副詞當代詞作賓語時，要放在動詞和副詞(fc)中間。類似的短語動詞還有：中間。類似的短語動詞還有：put up, fix up, call up, cheer up, write down, give out, hand out等。等。第14頁/共43頁第十五頁，共43頁。 The meeti

11、ng is very important. We cant _. A. put off it B. put it offC. put it up D. put it away【點撥【點撥(din bo)】選】選B。句意：這次會議非。句意：這次會議非常重要，我們不能推遲。常重要，我們不能推遲。put off “推遲；拖推遲；拖延延”，代詞作賓語時，要置于，代詞作賓語時，要置于put與與off之間之間。第15頁/共43頁第十六頁，共43頁。第16頁/共43頁第十七頁，共43頁。4b4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in

12、 the box.help move do make visit spendMost people today are only worried about getting good jobs _ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _ others. 第17頁/共43頁第十八頁，共43頁。There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volun

13、teering our time to help these people is a good way _ our free time. For example, we can make plans _ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help

14、people there.第18頁/共43頁第十九頁，共43頁。4c4cComplete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.1. Id like to volunteer _.2. At 12:00 a.m., I called my friend _.3. Im very busy but I could help _.4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want _.5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not) _.第19頁/共4

15、3頁第二十頁，共43頁。根據(jù)句意及括號內(nèi)的漢語提示根據(jù)句意及括號內(nèi)的漢語提示, 用短語用短語(duny)的正確形式填空。的正確形式填空。1. Cant you _ _ (想出想出) a better excuse than that?2. Your desks are too dirty. You should _ _ _ (打掃它們打掃它們) at once.3. The school has _ _ (開辦開辦) a special class to help poor readers. think up cleanthem up set up 第20頁/共43頁第二十一頁，共43頁。4.

16、 We should try our best to _ _ _ (使她開心起來使她開心起來). 5. Who can _ _ _ (想出想出) a good idea for our party?6. The teacher _ _ (掛起掛起) a Chinese map on the wall of the classroom yesterday.7. There are some people _ _ (分發(fā)分發(fā)(fnf) papers at the shopping center every day. cheer her upcome up with put up giving ou

17、t / handing out第21頁/共43頁第二十二頁，共43頁。 根據(jù)漢語根據(jù)漢語(Hny)意思完成下列句子。意思完成下列句子。 1. 這房間太臟了這房間太臟了, 請把它打掃干凈。請把它打掃干凈。This room is too dirty. Please _ _ _. 2. 讓我?guī)湍阕黾覄栈畎?。讓我?guī)湍阕黾覄栈畎伞et me _ you _ your housework. 3. 露西露西, 你能幫我把地圖張貼到墻上嗎？你能幫我把地圖張貼到墻上嗎？Lucy, could you help me _ _ the map on the wall? cleanit uphelp with p

18、ut up第22頁/共43頁第二十三頁，共43頁。根據(jù)句意根據(jù)句意, 從方框從方框(fn kun)中選擇正確的中選擇正確的短語短語, 并用其正確形式填空。并用其正確形式填空。hang out write down hand out take after fix up work out ask for run out of take away from第23頁/共43頁第二十四頁，共43頁。1. Dont worry. I will help you _ your computer. 2. The problem is too difficult for me to _. 3. Who is h

19、elping the teacher _ the students homework? hang out, write down, hand out, take after, fix up, work out, ask for, run out of, take away fromfix upwork outhand out第24頁/共43頁第二十五頁，共43頁。4. I have two children. My son looks like me and my daughter _ her mother. 5. Please wait a minute! Ill get a pen to

20、_ your telephone number. 6. If you have any problems, you can _ help.hang out, write down, hand out, take after, fix up, work out, ask for, run out of, take away fromtakes afterwrite downask for第25頁/共43頁第二十六頁，共43頁。7. These books mustnt _ the library.8. I like _ with my friends after school. 9. Have

21、you _ all of your money? hang out, write down, hand out, take after, fix up, work out, ask for, run out of, take away frombe taken away from hanging out / to hang out run out of 第26頁/共43頁第二十七頁，共43頁。短語動詞短語動詞(dngc) 單項選擇單項選擇1. You are so handsome. I think you might _ your father. A. look after B. take

22、after C. look up D. look for第27頁/共43頁第二十八頁，共43頁。2. My pet dog is lost. Could you please help me _? A. look it for B. look them for C. look for it D. look for them 3. The computer doesnt work. Lets _. A. fix up it B. fix it up C. fix up them D. fix them up第28頁/共43頁第二十九頁，共43頁。4. Bob cant buy any new b

23、ooks because he has _ his money. A. run out B. run out ofC. ran out D. ran out of5. The tree is very tall. I cant _ now. A. get down B. turn downC. get out D. turn off第29頁/共43頁第三十頁，共43頁。6. Im going on vacation. Could you please _ my dog while I am away? A. take care B. take care of C. took care D. t

24、ook care of第30頁/共43頁第三十一頁，共43頁。7. You must pay attention _ your pronunciation. A. at B. with C. to D. in8. I think parents should be strict _ their children. A. is B. about C. of D. with第31頁/共43頁第三十二頁，共43頁?！?011山東濟寧】山東濟寧】18. -Could you please provide us _ some information about the students health ?

25、 -Of course, its my pleasure. A. to B. of C. from D. with答案：答案：D【解析】介詞的用法。【解析】介詞的用法。provide sb. with sth.意為意為“向某人提供某物向某人提供某物”，為固定，為固定(gdng)短短語。故選語。故選D。第32頁/共43頁第三十三頁，共43頁。【2012 福建福州】福建福州】 It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _ again and again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing 【解析】考查固定搭配

26、?！窘馕觥靠疾楣潭ù钆洹ant help doing sth. 意為意為“禁不住做某事禁不住做某事”，此處句意為：，此處句意為：這是一場如此有趣這是一場如此有趣(yuq)的表演的表演,以至于以至于人們?nèi)滩蛔⌒α艘淮斡忠淮巍９蔬x人們?nèi)滩蛔⌒α艘淮斡忠淮?。故選C。 第33頁/共43頁第三十四頁，共43頁。【2012貴州貴陽】貴州貴陽】 When you leave the reading room, you should remember to _ the lights. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off 【解析】考查動詞短語的用法?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~短語的用

27、法。turn on意為意為“打開打開”；turn down意為意為“關(guān)小關(guān)小”； turn off意為意為“關(guān)上關(guān)上”。根據(jù)。根據(jù)(gnj)句意：當你離開閱覽室時句意：當你離開閱覽室時，你應該記住把燈關(guān)上。故選，你應該記住把燈關(guān)上。故選C。第34頁/共43頁第三十五頁，共43頁?！?012安徽省】安徽省】- Smoking is bad for your health. -Youre right. I decide to_. A. take it down B. find it out C. turn it off D. give it up 【答案【答案(d n)】D 第35頁/共43頁第三

28、十六頁，共43頁?！?012 甘肅雞西市】甘肅雞西市】 My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please _ the radio? A. turn down B. turn up C. turn on 【答案【答案(d n)】A第36頁/共43頁第三十七頁，共43頁?！?012 湖北黃石湖北黃石(hun sh)】We should learn how to _ well with people around us. A. get along B. get down C. get to D. get up 【答案】【答案】A 第37頁/共43頁第三十八頁，共43頁。

29、【2012湖北湖北荊州荊州(jn zhu)】 I dont think we can find a new day to work out the problem. But wed better not _. A. end up B. hand out C. give up D. put out 【答案】【答案】C 第38頁/共43頁第三十九頁，共43頁?！?012 浙江浙江(zh jin)杭州】杭州】 He failed in the math test and looks sad. Lets _. A. put him up B. set him up C. cheer him up D. clean him up 【答案】【答案】C第39頁/共43頁第四十頁，共43頁?！?012 重慶市】重慶市】 You dont have to worry about me. Im old enough to _ myself. A. look after B. look for C. look up D. look at 【答案【答案(d n)】A第40頁/共43頁第四十一頁，共43頁。Do the other exercises in this part.第41頁/共43頁第四十二頁，共43頁。第42頁/共43頁第四十三頁，共43頁。