閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（3） 【由山東省棗莊市2020高考英語3月模擬試題改編】 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Parents used to rely on physical punishments to control their children's bad behavior, which has been proven to be very harmful．Therefore, most parents now choose to simply yell, thinking that language probably won't hurt as much．But is that really so? Using harsh words such as "lazy" or "stupid" is just as harmful as hitting, according to a new study carried out at the University of Pittsburgh, US．"It cannot reduce or correct their problem behavior," said Professor Ming - Te Wang, leader of the study, in an interview with The Wall Street Journal．"On the contrary, it makes it worse．" In the study, which involved 976 two - parent families, researchers asked the kids about their behavior problems, while asking their parents how often they had yelled at them． Nearly half of the parents admitted that they'd shouted at their children in the past year．Researchers noted that the kids whose parents used more harsh words experienced more behavior problems after-wards, including fighting, stealing, lying as well as symptoms of depression． "Adolescence is a very sensitive period when kids arc trying Lo develop their self -identities（個(gè)性）．When you yell, it makes them feel they are not capable, and that they are worthless and useless," Wang said．"This may explain why so many parents say that no matter how loud they shout, their teenagers don' t listen． While harsh yelling can stop bad behavior in the moment, it doesn' t teach children to be-have how parents want them to, according to Professor Alan Kazdin of Yale University, US．What parents need is to praise their children for good behavior．If parents really need to punish their kids, they should try things like taking away smartphones and reminding them that good behavior will get them back． After all, "we want to teach kids, not hurt them," said Kazdin． 1．How do most parents react to their children's misbehaving now? A．Letting them alone． B．Beating them． C．Shouting at them． D．Praising them． 2．The study finds that using harsh words ． A．can make things even worse B．inspires children to do better C．corrects children's bad behavior D．has a better effect than hitting 3．According to Professor Ming - Te Wang, ． A．physical punishments are sometimes necessary B．children are more self - centered in adolescence C．parents should never punish kids for misbehaving D．harsh yelling damages children's self - confidence 4．In Professor Alan Kazdin's opinion, parents should A．set good examples for their children B．take away their children' s smartphones C．praise their children for good behavior D．a(chǎn)lways think in their children's shoes 5．What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to? A．children B．bad behaviors C．parents D．smartphones 【參考答案】1—5、CADCD A A man, who sometimes takes my bus, is in rags. His life seems different from that of the others. He looks exhausted and carries nothing. He appears along a downtown street, seemingly out of nowhere. We sometimes want to know where he sleeps at night. A few weeks ago he boarded the bus. A few stops later, a young woman boarded. She swiped (刷) her bus-card, only to find the machine would not accept it. The driver told her to pay the $2.25 fare. “I just bought this card,” she said. “I paid the money...” The driver said she could take the card back to the sales office and explain the problem. In the meantime she would have to pay the fare for that day. The woman became confused and distressed. The rest of us just watched, wondering how the problem would be solved. Suddenly the man rose from his seat, dropped a few coins into the fare box. “You’re lucky,” the bus driver said quietly. “He paid for you.” Silence fell over the bus. The rest of us had watched the woman’s discomfort, but he felt it. We lawyers, journalists and business people headed downtown to help fix the world. He fixed her world. I haven’t seen him since that day. Some people believe angels occasionally drop down and move among us. All I know is that I have a new respect for the simple act of kindness. It speeds us along on our way. 21. According to the first paragraph, the author _______. A. thinks highly of the man B. often gives the man some help C. knows the man very well D. considers the man strange 22. What does the underlined word “distressed” probably mean? A. exited B. generous C. bored D. anxious 23. What did the writer learn from the man? A.to show concern for other people. B.to lead a happy life like the man. C.to share what he has with us. D.to believe that people are born kind. A篇 21.D 22.D 23.A B How the Grand Canyon (大峽谷) was created remains one of the geology’s greatest mysteries. Some evidence suggests that the process was a gradual one in which the Colorado River (which runs through the canyon) slowly cut deeper and deeper into the ground over millions of years. But volcanic rock samples taken from the canyon now suggest that the canyon was down-cut instead. Down-cutting is when a flood of water rushes over a landscape (地形) with enough force to cut deeply into the ground and leaves behind a canyon. Such a flood is usually released when a natural or man-made dam (堤壩) bursts. Robert Webb, a research geologist, says natural dams seem to have formed and broken across the Colorado River several times during the last million years. The dams were built when lava(熔巖) from the eruptions of nearby volcanoes flowed into the river. The lava hardened into hard rocks and blocked the river, causing it to back up and form a lake. Each time the lake grew so huge that it broke the rock dam, releasing a flash flood that furthered the down-cutting process and deepened the canyon. Down-cutting is not just an earthly event. Satellite photos sent back from Mars suggest that the process has happened there, too, say many other researchers. The photos, taken by the Mars Global Surveyor, indicate that an enormous lake existed on Mars 3.5 billion years ago. The lake spilled into a large nearby hole. One edge of the hole broke, releasing a flash flood that quickly carved out a grand canyon. The existence of down-cutting on Mars is just one more piece of evidence that the cold, dry planet was once warm and wet. 24. In the past, deep canyons were believed to have formed _______. A. as a result of a sudden break of volcanoes B. due to river flows over millions of years C. owing to the burst of artificial dams D. thanks to our ancestors’ creative work 25. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TURE? A. Several volcanoes broke out on Mars directly creating grand canyons. B. Several great lakes existed on the upper parts of the Colorado River. C. People built high dams on the upper parts of the Colorado River. D. The Colorado River crossed the Grand Canyon to form down-cutting. 26. From the last three paragraphs we learn that _______. A. there are great lakes on Mars B. there are active volcanoes on Mars C. there might be cities on Mars D. there might be life on Mars 27. The passage can be titled as _______. A. Lakes on Earth and Mars B. The Cause of Lake Formation C. The Force of Dam Breaking D. Canyons—Results of Flood Cutting B篇 24-27 B B D D C Teen Climbing Camp 2020 This 5-day climbing camp is suitable for teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 who have an interest in rock climbing. The climbing days are designed for beginners and those who have some basic experience in a gym or outdoors. Participants will find themselves challenged physically and mentally. Rock Dimensions camps are designed to be a positive and memorable experience by providing healthy communication between participants, individual goal setting, and challenges that lead to personal growth. Dates: Monday, June 29-Friday, July 3 Monday, July 27-Friday, July 31 Locations: Climbing Tower at Footsloggers Linville Gorge and Table Rock area Local climbing areas near Boone Responsibilities: Participants will meet Rock Dimensions guides at our location each morning and at the end of each day. Rock Dimensions will provide all climbing items, including a safety rope, a helmet and climbing shoes for each participant. Participants are responsible for bringing their own lunch, water, small backpack, appropriate clothing, and personal items like sun cream, etc. Pre-camp planning: Participants will receive the following information in their registration(注冊(cè)) packet: Medical Form, Responsibility Agreement, Clothing/Equipment List, and Directions. Cost: $575/person for the 5-day camp $325/person for the first 3 days Anyone interested in participating in just the last two days of the camp should call to discuss pricing and necessary skills/experience. 28. According to the text, Rock Dimensions camps will _______. A. probably impress participants deeply B. provide a few competitions C. help the participants set their life goals D. check the records of personal growth 29. What of the following do participants need to bring with them? A. A safety rope. B. A helmet. C. Climbing shoes. D. Appropriate clothing. 30. If Paul wants to participate in the climbing camp from July 27 to July 29 and his brother from July 27 to July 31, it will cost them _______. A. 575 dollars B. 650 dollars C. 900 dollars D. 1,150 dollars 31. What can we infer from the text? A. Some experience is required of the participants. B. It’ll be hard for teens to experience the climbing. C. Parents are required to stay with their children. D. Guides will talk about the prices with parents. C篇 28-31 ADCB D Something that makes sense is happening in Washington, D.C! Public school kids surrounded by museums and monuments are putting the ready-made learning tools to use — and actually learning. A trip to see painter Jacob Lawrence’s Migration Series is one of almost 200 trips that Wheelock will organize this year through the nonprofit group Live It Learn It. “For many kids, school is disconnected,” says one of four full-time workers and tour leaders. “With the program, they see how what they are learning is connected to their communities.” Seven years ago, Wheelock changed a job as a lawyer for one as a four-grade teacher. When he learned that D.C.’s public schools ranked behind those of other cities in many ways, he knew he had to do something different. He took his class to Capitol Hill for a lesson on the three branches of government — and saw his students’ interest develop quickly. With seed money from a local couple, Wheelock developed detailed lesson plans for trips to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Lincoln Memorial. The group also has classes for trips to the Anacostia River, boat rides to historical forts. Word spread, and now fourth, fifth, sixth graders from the neediest public schools in the District participate. “I’m not brave enough to take my class to a museum for over an hour!” says teacher Cathy McCoy, gesturing toward her students. “But look: With Live It Learn It, what the kids learn today they’ll remember for a lifetime.” 32. Matthew Wheelock once had an occupation as a _______. A. teacher B. printer C. leader D. lawyer 33. According to the first two paragraphs, public school kids in Washington D.C. _______. A. like to have school disconnected B. are warmly welcomed by museums and monuments C. are making the resources at hand available D. are learning by going to different communities 34. Matthew Wheelock started the new change for the reason that _______. A. he saw his students’ interest develop quickly B. more graders from the neediest public schools wanted to participate C. D.C.’s public schools ranked behind in many ways D. a local couple sponsored him a sum of seed money 35. What will the lessons be like with Live It Learn It in Cathy McCoy’s opinion? A. Eye-catching. B. Challenging. C. Forgettable. D. Impressive. D篇 32-35 DCCD