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1、 八年級英語下冊單元知識點總結(jié) Unit3 Could you please clean your room? 一．重要詞組及短語 1. could you please do sth.? 你能……嗎？/ 請你干……好嗎？ 2. do the chores 做雜務(wù) 3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清掃地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾 6. make one's bed 鋪床 7. fold one's clothes 疊衣服

2、 8. clean the living room 清掃客廳 9. stay out late 晚歸 10. come over 過來 11. have a test 考試 12. get a ride 搭車 13. use one's computer 使用某人的電腦 14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 討厭某事/做某事 15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服

3、 17. wash the car 刷車 16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做飯 18. work on 從事，忙于 work at 學習、致力于、在……上下工夫 19. borrow some money 借一些錢 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借給某人某物(借出) 20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事 invite sb to a place 邀

4、請某人去某地 21. go to the store 去商店 22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見 disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意見 23. take care of = look after 照顧、照看、照料 take good care of = look after … well 把……照管得好 26. take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步 27. pla

5、y with sb. 和某人玩 28. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(做過) 29.關(guān)于 to 的短語總結(jié)： have to do sth. 不得不，必須做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事 hate to do sth. 討厭做某事 like to do sth. 喜歡做某事 want to do sth. 想做某事 love to do sth. 熱愛做某事 forget to do sth. 忘記做某事 start to

6、do sth. 開始做某事 begin to do sth. 開始做某事 ask sb to do sth. 請某人做某事 二、重點短語句型 1. Peter ,could you please take out the trash? Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。 Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an. ---Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. ---Sorry ,

7、 I can’t 2、take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊 e.g. His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out . 【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛 3. Can you do the dishes.？ do the dishes 洗碗 【結(jié)

8、構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生 【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè) 【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物 e.g. Could I at least finish watching this show? 1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎？ 用于

9、表達請求，語氣比較委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過 Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school. 3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 e.g. Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.

10、5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 How time is flies! Three years __is_____(be) really a short time. 作形容詞 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語） 【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me. 作 副詞

11、 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）The river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others. 【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。 6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 【解析】take out

12、 拿出；取出 take 的用法： 拿；取 Please take some books to the classroom. 吃；喝；服用 Take this medicine three times a day. 乘（車；船等） take They usually take the bus to work. 花費（時間；金錢）

13、 It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語： take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫 7. The minute I sat down in front of t

14、he TV, my mom came over . 【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析2】 in front of in front of 指在物體外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom. in the front of 【辨析】

15、 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car. The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car. 【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進餐

16、 in hospital 住院 at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。? 【解析3】come over 過來 【拓展】 come 短語： come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于 come in/into進入,進來 com

17、e on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點 come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 8. I’m just as tired as you are! as...as ... 和......一樣...... 9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不” ⑴ neither兩者都不 ne

18、ither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定 e.g. Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” e.g. —The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second. 10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 【解析】find +賓語+賓語補足語 【注】

19、find → found →found v尋找 (1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很 11.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 12. Could you please pass me the salt? 【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on

20、 傳遞 e.g. Please pass the paper on to the other students. ⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home. ⑶ v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam. 13.Could I borrow that book? Could you lend me some money? 【解析】borrow /lend/keep (1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】 borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 e.g.

21、You can borrow the book from the library. (2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人 e.g. He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】 14. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。 hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。 I hate to trouble him.

22、 hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性行為或動作。 She hates smoking in her room. 15.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 請求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語： 短語

23、 含義 ask sb. to do sth 請某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth 不讓某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 尋求幫助 16. . Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？ 【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地點 邀請某人去某地 1

24、7.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事 make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得 (1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh. 18.They don’t have time to s

25、tudy and do housework，too. 【解析】have time to do sth.有時間做某事 have time =be free 有空 19. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家務(wù)是在浪費他們的時間。 【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢 20.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get int

26、o a good university. 為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應(yīng)該把時間用在學習上。 【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花費...... spend/pay/cost/take 花費 (1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人 ◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付 He spends too much time on the computer games. Remember to s

27、pend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人 ◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. — How much did you __pay__ for this computer?

28、— Five hundred dollars. (3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事 ◆sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花費 ◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間 It takes him 3 hours

29、 to do his homework. 【解析2】get into =enter 進入 【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語： get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車 get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖 get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事get well康復 get a cha

30、nce 有機會、得到機會 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) 21. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 【解析】provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物 provide 為應(yīng)急等做好準備而“提供； 供給” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物 offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意

31、給予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事 supply 定期“供應(yīng)” , 強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物 21. Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself. take care of 照顧Thanks fo

32、r your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home. 【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語： take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出) take care當心 take a walk散步 take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生take one’s temperature量體溫 take one’s time別著急 第 6 頁 共 6 頁