,上海交通大學出版社,Book 2,應用型大學英語系列教程,應用型大學英語綜合教程,Application-oriented college English Course,2,上海交通大學出版社,Back,Next,Language Skills Development,Language in Use,Enhancement of Language Abilities,Unit 4,Unit Four,Table of Contents,3,上海交通大學出版社,Focus1 content,Back,Next,Starter,Text: Bartleby,Working with words and phrases,Discussion,Practice: interpreting,Practice: translation,Practice: writing,Surfing the Internet,Highlights,Part 1 Language Skills Development,Table of Contents,4,上海交通大學出版社,focus1highlights,Back,Next,Highlights S: I dont want to get into an argument L: When you are feeling down R: Bartleby W: How to avoid combining unrelated ideas in one sentence Internet work: First psychiatrist appointment,Part 1 Language Skills Development,5,His second response showed that he mistook his teachers second question for and argument and he wanted to avoid arguing with him. On the other hand, his reply saved him the trouble of answering the difficult question.,上海交通大學出版社,focus1starter,Back,Next,1. Starter,A. Listen to a dialogue and answer the following questions.,1. Do you think the teachers questions were easy to answer? 2. What do you think of Tommys second reply?,The first question was easy to answer, but the second one was difficult.,6,“Tommy,” asked the teacher, “what is the shape of the earth?” “Its round,” answered Tommy. “How do you know its round?” continued the teacher. “All right, its square then,” he replied. “I really dont want to get into an argument about it!”,上海交通大學出版社,focus1starter,Back,Next,Tapescript,1.Starter,7,上海交通大學出版社,focus1starter,Back,Next,1.Starter,1. Do you sometimes not want to eat anything or have a bad sleep? If so, why? 2. How will you deal with the problem(s)?,B. Work in groups and discuss the following questions.,Yes, I do when I am badly sick or in a terrible mood, etc.,Omitted.,8,Back,Next,Focus1 Text lead in,Text Lead in,上海交通大學出版社,Look at the cartoon. Complete the officers sentence. Then answer the following question: Will one be mentally affected if they work in the dead letter office for a long time? And how?,9,Back,Next,上海交通大學出版社,Text Lead in,Text organization,10,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,1 I was an old lawyer, and I had three men working for me. My business continued to grow and so I decided to get one more man to help write legal papers.,2. Text: Bartleby,Back,Next,legal: a. 1)法律的 e.g. My legal adviser is my sister-in-law. Legal English is an elective for students of law. 2)合法的 e.g. Should euthanasia be made legal? Why shouldnt I take a holiday? Its perfectly legal.,Translation,巴特比 1 我以前是一個老律師，手下有三個人幫著干活。由于業(yè)務不斷壯大，我決定再多找一個人幫忙寫法律文書。,11,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,2 I had met a great many people in my days, but the man who answered my advertisement was the strangest person I have ever heard of or met. He stood outside my office and waited for me to speak. He was a small man, quiet and dressed in a clean but old suit of clothes. I asked him his name. It was Bartleby.,Back,Next,Question about Para. 2,Translation,2 在我整個律師生涯中，我見過很多人，但看了招聘廣告后來應聘的那個人，是我聞所未聞、見所未見的怪人。他站在我辦公室門口，一聲不吭，等著我開口。他個頭不高，沉默安靜，穿一身干凈但有些舊的衣服。我問他的名字，他回答說叫巴特比。,2. Text: Bartleby,12,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,1. What was the old lawyers first impression of Bartleby?,Bartleby was a small man, quiet and dressed in a clean but old suit of clothes.,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,13,3 起初，巴特比寫了大量的文書。他工作起來夜以繼日，通宵達旦。我對他的工作很滿意，但并不喜歡他的工作方式。他太安靜了。但他干活非常出色就像一臺機器，從不東張西望，也不多言多語。,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,3 At first Bartleby did an extraordinary quantity of writing. He worked through the day by sunlight, and into the night by candlelight. I was happy with his work, but not happy with the way he worked. He was too quiet. But, he worked welllike a machine, never looking or speaking.,Question about Paras. 2-3,3 起初，巴特比寫了大量的文書。他工作起來夜以繼日，通宵達旦。我對他的工作很滿意，但并不喜歡他的工作方式。他太安靜了。但他干活非常出色就像一臺機器，從不東張西望，也不多言多語。,extraordinary: a. 1)不同尋常地多（或大） e.g. Young children need extraordinary amounts of attention. 2)極不尋常的，令人驚奇的 e.g. Her talents are quite extraordinary. extra- 外，額外 e.g. extracurricular 課外的; extramarital 婚外的; extraterrestrial 外星球的,Meaning: Bartleby was too silent or we can say he was a man of few words. He worked like a machine because he concentrated just on his work, never doing anything else.,Back,Next,Translation,2. Text: Bartleby,14,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,2. How did Bartleby work in the law firm at the beginning?,He worked through the day by sunlight and into the night by candlelight, just like a machine, never looking or speaking.,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,15,rally: vt./vi.1) 使恢復，喚醒 e.g. They rallied their energies for the counterattack. 2) 召集，集合 e.g. The leader rallied his men round him. 3)復原；恢復健康；振作精神 e.g. He spent a bad night but began to rally by morning. n. C（尤指為支持某政治觀點或政黨的）公眾集會 e.g. a party rally 政黨集會 hold a peace rally 舉行擁護和平的群眾大會,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,4 One day, I asked Bartleby to come to my office to study a legal paper with me. Without moving from his chair, Bartleby, in a singularly mild, firm voice, replied, “I would prefer not to.” 5 I sat awhile in perfect silence, rallying my stunned faculties. Immediately it occurred to me that my ears had deceived me, or Bartleby had entirely misunderstood my meaning.,Back,Next,Translation,4 一天， 我叫巴特比來我的辦公室一起研究一份法律文書。他，巴特比，居然坐在椅子上動都不動一下，非常溫和卻異常堅定地回答道：“我不想去。” 5 有一會兒，我坐在那完全呆住了，試圖重拾被震驚的思緒。我第一個反應是會不會我聽錯了？抑或巴特比完全誤解了我的意思？,singularly: ad. in a way that is very noticeable or unusual異乎尋常地，非常 e.g. He came up with a singularly foolish plan. 他提出了一個極其愚蠢的計劃。 He has singularly failed to live up to his promises. 他居然沒有兌現(xiàn)承諾。,awhile: ad. 一會兒，片刻；暫時 e.g. Stay awhile before we are ready. The bus is not due yet awhile. Awhile = a while, for a while 但是，從不說 “for awhile”.,stun: vt. 使震驚，使目瞪口呆 e.g. The world was stunned by the attempted assassination.,faculty: n. C 1) 官能，能力 e.g. Man is the only animal that has the faculty of speech. 2)大學里的系部 e.g. the Faculty of Law法律系；the Engineering Faculty 工程系 3)大學里的全體教師 e.g. Both faculty and students oppose the measures.,it occurs to sb. that: （某人）想起來 e.g. It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her. I suppose it didnt occur to you to phone the police? “You prefer not to,” I echoed, rising in high excitement.,Meaning: Bartleby remained in his chair and said in an unusually soft but determined voice that he would not like to go to his bosss office.,2. Text: Bartleby,16,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,6 “You prefer not to,” I echoed, rising in high excitement. “What do you mean, are you sick? I want you to help me with this paper.” 7 “I would prefer not to.” 8 His face was leanly composed; his gray eyes were dimly calm. This is strange, I thought. What should I do? But, the telephone rang, and I forgot the problem for the time being.,Back,Next,Translation,6 “你不想來?！蔽抑貜椭脑?，激動得站立起來，“什么意思？你不舒服嗎？我要你來幫我研究這份文件?！?7 “我不想干?！?8 他面容瘦削，神情鎮(zhèn)定，灰色的眼睛暗淡中透出一股平靜。這太奇怪了，我想。該怎么辦？正好此時電話響了，我也就暫時忘了這件事。,echo: vi./vt. 1)（尤指表示贊同）重復（某人的話或觀點） e.g. They echoed their leaders every word. 2)回音，回聲 e.g. Their footsteps echoed on the wooden floor. n. C 回聲，回音 e.g. The walls threw back the echoes of his footsteps.,composed: a. 沉著的，平靜的 e.g. He appeared very composed despite the stress he was under. His composed face reassured the nervous passengers.,for the time being:.暫時 e.g. Lets forget about it for the time being. For the time being, we will have to use this tool.,Meaning: It could be seen from Bartlebys thin face and gray eyes that he was calm and cool, seemingly not affected by the boss.,Question about Paras. 4-7,2. Text: Bartleby,17,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,3. What happened when the old lawyer gave Bartleby an assignment?,Bartleby would reply, “I would prefer not to.”,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,18,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,9 A few days later, four long documents came into the office. They needed careful study, and I decided to give one document to each of my men. I called and all came to my office. But not Bartleby. 10 “Bartleby, quick, I am waiting.” 11 He came, and stood in front of me for a moment. “I would prefer not to,” he said, then turned and went back to his desk.,Back,Next,Translation,9 幾天后，辦公室收到了四份長長的文件，需要仔細研究，我決定給我手下四個人一人一份。我叫他們過來，都來了，除了巴特比。 10 “巴特比，快點，等你呢。” 11 他來了，在我面前站了一會后。他說：“我不想干?！痹挳叡戕D(zhuǎn)身坐回他的辦公桌前。,2. Text: Bartleby,19,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,12 I was so surprised; I could not move. There was something about Bartleby that froze me, yet, at the same time, made me feel sorry for him. 13 As time passed, I saw that Bartleby never went out to eat dinner. Indeed, he never went anywhere. At eleven oclock each morning, one of the men would bring Bartleby some ginger-nuts.,Back,Next,Translation,12 我震驚不已，呆若木雞。巴特比身上有種東西讓我覺得僵冷，但與此同時，也讓我為他難過。 13 時間一天天過去，我發(fā)現(xiàn)巴特比從不出去吃飯。事實上，他哪兒都不去。每天中午十一點的時候，就會有一個同事給他帶回一些姜汁餅干。,2. Text: Bartleby,20,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,14 “Umm. He lives on them,” I thought. “Poor fellow! He is a little foolish at times, but he means no mischief; it is plain he intends no insolence.”,Back,Next,Translation,14 “嗯，他就靠吃這個啊?！蔽蚁?，“可憐的家伙！這家伙有時候傻里傻氣的，但是，他并不想故意搗亂；很明顯他不是要故意冒犯我?！?at times:有時候 e.g. I scarcely understand myself at times. That lathe went out of order at times.,mischief: n. U 惡意，使壞的念頭 e.g. Tell the children to keep out of mischief.,2. Text: Bartleby,21,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,15 One Sunday I walked to my office to do some work. When I placed the key in the door, I couldnt open it. Quite surprised, I called out, when to my consternation a key was turned from within; and thrusting his lean visage at me, and holding the door ajar, the ghostly figure of Bartleby appeared, in his shirtsleeves, saying quietly that he was sorry, but he was deeply engaged just then, andpreferred not admitting me at present.,Back,Next,Translation,15 一個星期天，我去辦公室辦點事，但把鑰匙插進門鎖卻怎么也打不開。我很吃驚，大聲叫了起來，這時更讓我驚訝的是，有鑰匙從門里邊轉(zhuǎn)動，隨后一張瘦削的面孔從微開的門縫中探了出來，幽靈一般的巴特比出現(xiàn)在我面前。他穿著襯衣，平靜地說了聲抱歉， 但他現(xiàn)在有事正忙著，并且不能讓我進去。,thrust: vt./vi. 1) 伸，延伸 e.g. He thrust his head out of the window. 2) 用（劍或刀等）向某人刺去 e.g. The mugger thrust at his victim with a knife. 3) 將（某物/某人）猛然或用力推向某處 e.g. She thrust a letter into my hand.,ajar: a.（門）微啟，半開 e.g. The door was/stood ajar.,ghostly: a.幽靈似的，似鬼的 e.g. a ghostly figure in a white dress There are some ghostly shapes of bats flitting about in the dark.,engaged: a. 1)忙的，沒空的 e.g. He was deeply engaged in conversation. I couldnt get him as the line was engaged. 2) 訂婚的 e.g. Theyve been engaged for 5 months.,2. Text: Bartleby,22,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,16 The idea of Bartleby living in my law office had a strange effect on me. I slunk away much like a dog does when it has been shouted atwith its tail between its legs. 17 Was anything wrong? It was out of the question that Bartleby would keep a woman in my office. But for some time he must have eaten, dressed and slept there. How lonely and friendless Bartleby must be.,Back,Next,Translation,16 巴特比住在我的律師事務所里這件事，讓我產(chǎn)生了一種怪異的感覺。我活像一只被人呵斥的狗，夾著尾巴溜走了。 17 怎么回事？巴特比當然不可能帶了個女人住在我的事務所里。但他肯定吃穿住在那里有一段時間了。巴特比一定十分孤單，缺朋少友。,effect: n. 1) C, U結(jié)果，作用，影響 e.g. Punishment had very little effect on him. C, U外觀，聲響，效果 e.g. Its the music to heighten the dramatic effect. vt. 實現(xiàn)，實行；造成，導致 e.g. Many parents lack confidence in their ability to effect change in their childrens behaviour.,slink: vi.鬼鬼祟祟地走，偷偷溜走 e.g. Dont slink away without apologizing. He slunk into the house by the back door.,時間狀語 “for some time”如果不是為了強調(diào)，一般放在句尾: But he must have eaten, dressed and slept there for some time.,2. Text: Bartleby,23,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,24,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,18 I decided to help him. The next morning I called him to my office. “Bartleby, can you tell me anything about yourself?” 19 “I would prefer not to.”,Back,Next,Translation,18 我決定幫幫他。第二天早晨我把他叫進我辦公室，對他說：“巴特比，隨便給我談談你的情況，好嗎？” 19 “我不想談?！?2. Text: Bartleby,25,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,20 I sat down with him and said, “Bartleby, never mind then about revealing your history; but I am pleading with you, as a friend, to comply with the regulations of this office. Say now you will help to examine papers tomorrow or next day: in short, say now that in a day or two you will begin to be a little reasonablesay so, Bartleby.”,Back,Next,Translation,20 我陪他坐下，說：“巴特比，那就先不說你的過去了；但是，我以一個朋友的身份，請求你遵守本所的規(guī)定。答應我明后天你就會幫我審閱那些文件?？傊?，告訴我再過一兩天你就會開始變得理性一些。你說呀，巴特比?！?reveal: vt. 1)揭示，揭露 e.g. The survey revealed that the house was damp. 2)顯出，露出 e.g. A microscope will reveal much that cannot be seen with the naked eye.,comply with: 遵守 e.g. I recommend you to comply with safety regulations. Everyone should comply with the law.,regulation: n. C 規(guī)章，規(guī)則 e.g. You will be fined if breaking the traffic regulations. Too many rules and regulations may in fact achieve little effect.,2. Text: Bartleby,26,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,21 “I have decided not to write any more,” he said. And left my office. 22 What was I to do? Bartleby would not work at all. Then why should he stay on his job? At length, priority went to the consideration of the necessities of my business. Decently as I could, I told Bartleby that in six days time he must unconditionally leave the office. I warned him to take measures, in the interval, for procuring a place to stay.,Back,Next,Question about Para. 22,Translation,be to do sth. 用于正式或官方的安排，指示或命令 e.g. We are to receive a pay rise in line with inflation in September. You are not to leave this house without my permission. Is that clear? 這一結(jié)構(gòu)還可以用于報紙廣播電視報導中，表示不久的將來，而且，按預期一定會發(fā)生的場合。 e.g. Due to the financial crisis, GMC has announced that it is to cut down six thousand jobs worldwide.,at length: 1)最后，終于 e.g. I arrived at that city at length. 2)詳細地 e.g. He talked at length about his work.,procure: vt. 獲得，取得，得到 e.g. Can you procure some specimens for me? The book is out of print and difficult to procure.,2. Text: Bartleby,necessity: n. 1) C 無奈的事物，不好卻必要的東西 e.g. Taxes are a regrettable necessity. 2) C必需的事物，必需品 e.g. We went to buy the basic necessities for our stay. 3) U必然；必要 e.g. the necessity for decent, affordable housing,21 “我已經(jīng)決定什么都不再寫了。”說完，他就離開了我的辦公室。 22 我該怎么辦？巴特比什么都不愿意做了，那他干嗎還呆在這里？最后，以本事務所的業(yè)務實際需要為重，我盡量用一種體面的方式告訴巴特比，六天之內(nèi)他必須無條件離開。我還警告他在這期間，想辦法找個落腳的地方。,27,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,4. What was the main reason for the old lawyer to fire Bartleby?,The necessities of his business.,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,28,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,23 At the expiration of that period, I peeped into the office Bartleby used. He was still there. 24 The next morning, I went to the office early. All was still. I tried to open the door, but it was locked. Bartlebys voice came from inside. I stood as if hit by lightening. I walked the streets thinking, “Well, Bartleby, if you will not leave me, I shall leave you.”,Back,Next,23 期限到了，我向巴特比辦公室里偷偷張望了一下：他還在那里。 24 第二天上午，我早早就去了辦公室。周遭一片靜寂。我試圖把門打開，但發(fā)現(xiàn)門被鎖住了，從里面?zhèn)鱽戆吞乇鹊穆曇?，我如同遭到雷擊般呆立在那里。走在大街上時我思忖道：“好吧，巴特比，你不走，我走?！?Translation,expiration: n. U 期滿 e.g. The expiration of the contract is due in two days. This ticket has passed its expiration date, and so it is now invalid.,peep: vi. 偷看，窺視 e.g. She was caught peeping at a secret document He was accused of peeping through the keyhole of his neighbors door.,walk the streets:在街上散步，閑逛 e.g. It was not safe to walk the streets at night. I heard him walking the floor. He walked his bike up the hill. She usually walks her dog in the evening.,2. Text: Bartleby,walk the streets:在街上散步，閑逛 e.g. It was not safe to walk the streets at night. I heard him walking the floor. He walked his bike up the hill. She usually walks her dog in the evening.,29,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,25 I paid some men to move all the office furniture to another place. Bartleby just stood there as the men took his chair away. 26 “Goodbye, Bartleby, I am going. Goodbye and God be with you. Here take this money.” I placed it in his hands. It dropped to the floor; and then, strange to say, I had difficulty leaving the person I wanted to leave.,Back,Next,Question about Paras. 24-26,25 我雇來幾個人把辦公室所有的物品搬到另一個地方。巴特比就站在那兒，看著他們把他的椅子搬走。 26 “再見了，巴特比，我要走了。再見，愿上帝保佑你。拿著，這是給你的錢?！蔽野彦X放在他的手里，錢卻掉在地上。這個時候，我莫名其妙地居然有點難以離開這個我想離開的人了。,Translation,God be with you = “God bless you” e.g. Goodbye, darling and God be with you/God bless you. 再見，親愛的，上帝保佑你。,God be with you = “God bless you” e.g. Goodbye, darling and God be with you/God bless you. 再見，親愛的，上帝保佑你。,2. Text: Bartleby,30,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,5. What did the old lawyer decide to do when Bartleby refused to leave the office?,He left Bartleby in the office and moved to another place.,Back,Next,2. Text: Bartleby,31,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,27 A few days later, a stranger visited me in my new office. “You are responsible for the man you left in your last office,” he said. “The owner of the building has given me a court order which says you must take him away. He persisted in occupying the entry after being dismissed from the office.” 28 I went back to my old office and found Bartleby sitting on the empty floor.,Back,Next,27 幾天后，一個陌生人造訪我的新辦公室。“你必須對你留在舊辦公室的那個人負責?！蹦侨苏f，“大樓業(yè)主讓我?guī)砹朔ㄍブ噶?，你必須把他帶走。那家伙被趕出辦公室以后卻賴在入口處不走?！?28 我回到我的舊辦公室，發(fā)現(xiàn)巴特比正坐在空蕩蕩的地板上。,Translation,persist: vi. 1) 堅持，執(zhí)著地做 e.g. If you persist, you will annoy them even more. He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle. 2) 持續(xù)存在，維持，保持 e.g. Trends are not likely to persist.,dismiss: vt. 1)（正式）讓某人離開，遣散 e.g. He was dismissed from the hospital a week later. 2) 開除，解雇 e.g. He was dismissed for his underperformance.,2. Text: Bartleby,32,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,29 “Bartleby, will you come home with me and stay there until we decide what you will do?” He answered softly, “No, I would prefer not to make any changes.” 30 Despairing of all further efforts, I fled. I rode around the city and visited places of historic interest, anything to get Bartleby off my mind.,Back,Next,29 “巴特比，跟我一塊回去住在我家吧，直到我們定下來你可以干點什么再說，好嗎？”他輕聲回答：“不，我不想有任何改變?！?30 知道再做什么努力也沒用，我只好走開。我坐著馬車滿城亂跑，逛那些歷史古跡，只為把巴特比從腦海中趕走。,Translation,despair of: 對感到絕望 e.g. She has despaired of her youngest son. Weve despaired of seeing him again; nothing has been heard about him for ten years.,flee: vi./vt.逃離某處，擺脫危險處境 e.g. Many German artists fled to America at the beginning of World War II. He was lucky to flee the burning hotel.,2. Text: Bartleby,33,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,31 When I entered my office later, I found a message for me. Bartleby had been taken to prison. 32 I found him there, and when he saw me he said, “I know you, and I have nothing to say to you.” 33 “It was not I that brought you here, Bartleby.” I was deeply hurt. I told him I gave the prison guard money to buy him a good dinner. 34 “I do not want to eat today,” he said. “I never eat dinner.”,Back,Next,Questions about Paras. 31-32,31 等我回到辦公室，有人給我留了一條消息：巴特比被送進了監(jiān)獄。 32 我去探訪他，看到我后他說：“我了解你，我沒什么好跟你說的?！?33 “不是我把你送到這兒來的，巴特比。”我十分傷心地說道。我告訴他我給了獄警一些錢，給他買一份豐盛的晚飯。 34 “我今天不想吃飯?！彼f，“我從來不吃晚飯?！?Translation,2. Text: Bartleby,34,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,6. What happened to Bartleby in the end as a result of his refusal to leave the old lawyers office building?,He was taken to prison.,Back,Next,7. How did the old lawyer feel when Bartleby said to him “I know you, and I have nothing to say to you”? Why did he feel that way?,The old lawyer was deeply hurt because he thought it was not he that brought Bartleby to prison.,2. Text: Bartleby,35,35 Days passed, and I went to see Bartleby again. I was told he was sleeping in the prison yard outside. 36 Strangely huddled at the base of the wall, his knees drawn up, and lying on his side, his head touching the cold stones, I saw the wasted Bartleby. But nothing stirred. I paused; then went close up to him; stooped over, and saw that his dim eyes were open; otherwise he seemed to be profoundly sleeping.,上海交通大學出版社,focus1text,Back,Next,35 幾天后，我再次去監(jiān)獄探訪巴特比，被告知他正在牢房外的院子里睡覺。 36 巴特比以一種奇怪的姿勢蜷縮在墻根處，雙腿彎曲，側(cè)臥在地，頭部枕在冰冷的石頭上，我看到他已經(jīng)形銷骨立。但是，他紋絲不動。我遲疑了一會，終于還是走近他，彎下腰，看到他黯然無光的雙眼睜著，若不是這一點，他倒真的像是在熟睡。,Translation,huddled: a. （因寒冷或恐懼而）蜷縮著；堆在一起 e.g. We found him huddled on the floor. huddled 派生自動詞huddle。huddle意為“（因寒冷或恐懼而）蜷縮著身體”。 e.g. We all huddled around the radio to hear the news. The clothes lay huddled up in a pile in the corner.,stir: vi./vt. 1)（使）微動 e.g. The general didnt stir an eyelid when a bullet hit his cap. 2) 攪動，攪拌（液體等） e.g. Stir your coffee with a