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七、動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境(Animals, plants, the earth and environment) 【考綱要求】 1、自然（Nature） （1）動(dòng)物和植物（Animals and plants） （2）山川與河流（Mountains and rivers） （3）季節(jié)（Seasons） （4）宇宙（Universe） （5）人與自然（Man and nature） 2、世界與環(huán)境（The worls and the environment） （1） 國(guó)家與民族（Countries and nationalities） （2）環(huán)境保護(hù)（Environmental protection） （3）人口（Population） 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 1．掌握描述動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境的基本詞匯及其用法。 2．掌握基本句型： （1）We should/can do… （2）Wed better(not) do…； (3 ) 比較級(jí)； (4) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的靈活使用。 4．聽(tīng)： 能聽(tīng)懂簡(jiǎn)單的關(guān)于動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境情況的表述和詢問(wèn)相關(guān)情況的問(wèn)題。 5．說(shuō)： 能簡(jiǎn)單介紹動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境的情況。 6．讀寫綜合： 能讀懂介紹動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境情況的文章，并能用80個(gè)詞左右寫一篇介紹環(huán)保的小短文。內(nèi)容可以如下：動(dòng)物植物的名稱，國(guó)家的名稱，保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法等。 重點(diǎn)詞匯 1．Animals(動(dòng)物) 老虎tiger　　熊貓　panda　　　　海豚dolphin　　　　　獅子lion 2．Plants(植物) 樹(shù)木tree 花朵flower 植樹(shù)plant trees 3．Some words about environment(關(guān)于環(huán)境的一些單詞) (1)名詞 自然nature　 地球earth　 水　water 空氣air 天空　sky 天氣weather　 交通traffic　 動(dòng)物animals 垃圾　rubbish 人口population 　 疾病disease　 法律law 問(wèn)題　problem 保護(hù)(名詞) protection　 能源energy　 污染pollution (2)形容詞 干凈的clean　 臟的dirty　 糟糕的terrible　 受污染的polluted 不健康的unhealthy　 臭的smelly　 繁重的heavy　 奇怪的strange 嚴(yán)重的serious　 重要的important　 必要的　necessary 瀕臨滅絕的endangered 巨大的large 新鮮的fresh (3)動(dòng)詞 浪費(fèi)waste保護(hù)protect 循環(huán)使用reuse節(jié)省save處理deal污染pollute 殺死kill 扔掉throw 死die 傷害hurt 希望hope 合理利用make good use of 關(guān)燈turn off the light 少開(kāi)車drive the car less 節(jié)約水save water 循環(huán)利用紙張reuse paper 處理垃圾deal with rubbish 制定法律make laws 重點(diǎn)句型 1．“比較級(jí)＋and ＋比較級(jí)”或“more and more ＋原形” 水變得越來(lái)越臟。 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．We can do sth. 我們可以清潔干凈公園。 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．We had better not do sth. 我們最好不要向河里扔垃圾。 ________________________________________________________________________ 4．We had better do sth. 我們最好少開(kāi)車。 ________________________________________________________________________ 5．We have to do sth. 我們不得不在繁忙的交通中行走。 ________________________________________________________________________ 6．We must do sth. 我們必須保護(hù)好環(huán)境。 ________________________________________________________________________ 7．We should do sth. 我們應(yīng)該種更多的樹(shù)。 ________________________________________________________________________ 8．the ＋比較級(jí)…， the ＋比較級(jí)… 我們?cè)绞抢速M(fèi)水，我們就越少有干凈水可用了。 ________________________________________________________________________ 9．There will be… 將有更少的污染嗎？ ________________________________________________________________________ 10．protect the environment 我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能去保護(hù)環(huán)境。 ________________________________________________________________________ 一、短文填空 The smell on the street may be bad. However, it may be even __1__ in your own home. “People spend most of their time indoors, but the air indoors can be two to five times as polluted as the air __2__，” says the US Environmental Protection Agency. Poor indoor air quality(質(zhì)量) can __3__ health problems. And a lot of these problems are caused by something in your house. To __4__ your home healthy, here are some useful tips： Is the fan in your __5__ working well? Turn it on. Put a sheet of paper against it. If the paper sticks, the fan is strong enough. If not, it needs to be repaired. A good fan makes sure the air in the bathroom is __6__. Keep your gutters(水槽)clean and clear so that your kitchen or bathroom doesnt __7__ bad. And __8__ leave the litter in bags or bins in your home. The place for it is outside, waiting for collection. When you are at home, __9__ the windows to let fresh air in. Follow these simple steps, and youre sure to live in a __10__ environment. 1．________　　　2.________　　　3.________　　　4.________　　　5.________ 6．________　　　7.________　　　8.________　　　9.________　　　10.________ 二、 讀寫綜合 A)信息歸納。閱讀下面短文，完成信息卡。 A cleaner world —Now! Pollution is the poisoning(中毒)of the land, sea and air. Mainly industry and transport cause pollution. If you go to any city, youll see too many factories, insufficient(不足的)public transport, but too many cars with one or two people in each of them. Waste gases increase in the air, and dissolve(溶解)into raindrops, forming acid rain(酸雨). Acid rain can fall far away from the country which produces it, killing trees in forests and fish in lakes and rivers. If companies clean their waste gases before letting them into the air, therell be much less air pollution and no acid rain. But this can be expensive and it needs all the worlds companies to do it. Cars pollute the air. So try to walk, ride a bike and use public transport as much as possible. Only use your car when you really need to, and use unleaded petrol(無(wú)鉛汽油)if you can. Lead is one of the most dangerous things in petrol. Join us, and help us to fight for cleaner air for everyone. Information Card The defintion(定義) of pollution 1. The things that cause pollution mainly 2. The reason why acid rain is harmful 3. The thing that companies can do before letting gases into the air.to help protect the environment 4. The things that we can do to stop using cars from polluting the air 5. B) 書(shū)面表達(dá) 低碳生活對(duì)環(huán)境很重要，過(guò)低碳生活是我們每個(gè)人的責(zé)任，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇文章。 內(nèi)容要求：1.描述一下你身邊的污染現(xiàn)象； 2．作為一名中學(xué)生，該如何做到低碳生活(具體做法至少3點(diǎn)); 3．呼吁大家保護(hù)環(huán)境。 作文要求：1.不能照抄原文； 不得在作文中出現(xiàn)學(xué)校真實(shí)的名稱和學(xué)生的真實(shí)姓名。 2. 語(yǔ)句連貫，詞數(shù)80個(gè)左右。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 七 、動(dòng)物、植物、世界和環(huán)境 重點(diǎn)句型。 1．The water becomes dirtier and dirtier. 2．We can clean up the parks. 3．Wed better not throw rubbish into the river. 4．Wed better drive less. 5．We have to travel through the heavy traffic. 6．We must take good care of the environment. 7．We should plant more trees. 8．The more water we waste, the less clean water we will have. 9．Will there be less pollution? 10．We should do what we can do/try our best to protect the environment. 一、短文填空。 1．worse　2.outdoors　3.cause　4.keep　5.bathroom 6．fresh　7.smell　8.dont　9.open　10.healthy 二、讀寫綜合。 A)信息歸納。 1．Pollution is the poisoning of the land, sea and air 2．Industry and transport 3．Because it kills trees in forests and fish in lakes and rivers 4．Cleaning their waste gases 5．Trying to walk, riding a bike and using public transport B)書(shū)面表達(dá)。 My lowcarbon life The environment is becoming worse and worse.We can see dirty rivers, smell smelly air and hear noises around us.Something must be done for our earth. Lowcarbon life is very popular now.First of all, I will try to save energy(節(jié)約能源). For example, I wont turn on the light if not necessary. I will wash my clothes by hand.And I will eat less meat and wear cotton clothes. I will not use plastic(塑料)bags. I will take a bus or ride a bike to school.At school, I use the two sides of the paper.Besides, I will plant trees when spring comes. It is very important to take good care of our environment.And I believe we can save our earth if everyone lives a lowcarbon life.