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《Unit 4 Global warming》 一、單項(xiàng)選擇題 1.【原創(chuàng)】You are sure to learn English well you put your heart into it. A. as far as B. as long as C. as quickly as D. as well as 2. There is no doubt Mr. Wang is the best English teacher in our school. A. what B. that C. if D. whether 3. Its often less expensive to buy goods in ________ quantity，but youd better examine ________ quality before buying them. A．/；the B．the；/ C．a(chǎn)；the D．the；the 4. The prices of this kind of wine ________ from ten yuan to 100 yuan per bottle. A．ranged B．differed C．changed D．separated 5. It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it______that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up 6. The President ________ giving military aid to this country. A．is opposed B．objects C．opposes D．a(chǎn)gainst 7. For years，scientists have been worried about the________of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. A．effect B．result C．a(chǎn)ccount D．cause 8. Was it because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe ____ the flight had to be put off? A．which B．so C．why D．that 9. I find _____ hard to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me. A. them B. him C. that D. it 10. ___ makes me sick that she thinks so highly of herself. A. It B. That C. What D. This 二、完形填空【原創(chuàng)】 The continued warming of the earths climate is melting mountain glaciers and polar ice. This is 1 sea levels around the world to rise. Many scientists 2 sea levels could rise by more than one meter by the end of the twenty-first century. That could mean 3 for some island nations and coastal communities like New York City. As we hear from Faith Lapidus, New York officials are 4 ways to 5 with the rising waters. When super-storm Sandy 6 last October, New York got a taste of what its 7 could be. "The water was 8 to half of the 9, and then we had to get buckets and try to take out all the water. Until we opened the door, and we saw the refrigerator 10 on the water." In New York City, the waters rose more than four meters above the average high tide mark. Studies have found that sea levels around the 11 could rise up to 70 centimeters by the year 2100. Klaus Jacob is a scientist at the Lamont-Doherty Observatory at Columbia University. He 12 what New York would look like under those 13 . "It would look like that Wall Street doesnt have yellow taxis. 14 it may have yellow taxi 15 ." Scientists say sea levels have risen 20 to 30 centimeters over the past 100 years. Many believe the levels could rise 16 one-point-five meters by the end of this century. They say 17 cities and island nations face the greatest 18 . These areas will either have to develop ways to keep the ocean out 19 move to 20 ground. 1. A. leading B. causing C. resulting D. contributing 2. A. estimate B. agree C. believe D. argue 3. A. disaster B. fortunate C. death D. trouble 4. A. studying B. figuring C. finding D. measuring 5. A. work B. deal C. fight D. go 6. A. influenced B. struck C. happened D. affected 7. A. past B. present C. future D. tomorrow 8. A. down B. in C. at D. up 9. A. window B. room C. door D. floor 10. A. standing B. running C. throwing D. floating 11. A. city B. town C. state D. country 12. A. writes B. describes C reads D says 13. A. environments B. problems C. conditions D. matters 14. A. And B. So C. Or D. BUT 15. A. boats B. drivers C. signs D. signals 16. A. other B. another C. per D. the other 17. A. inland B. central C. remote D. coastal 18. A. risk B. opportunity C. anxiety D. change 19. A. and B. nor C. or D. so 20. A. deeper B. higher C. lower D. drier 1. 些的（higher）地方才能應(yīng)對水面的上升。 三、閱讀理解 A More than 1,000 decision makers and scientists, including dozens of heads of state and ministers from more than 150 countries are expected to attend the Third World Climate Conference. The week-long meeting, organized by the World Meteorological Organization, aims to help nations cope with climate change by improving the way climate information is collected and shared among governments. Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming. It will present measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions（排放）to slow this process. But, the World Meteorological Organization says mitigation alone is not enough. Largely overlooked in this process is the need for adaptation. WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes. "For the health sector, it will be to be ready to cope with a disease, which will spread in areas where they do not spread or which may become more serious," he said. He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions on climate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened. The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa. 1. According to the text, the purpose of the meeting is _______. A. to change the global climate. B. to discuss the environment pollution. C. to offer to help solve climate change D. to announce the latest climate information. 2. The underlined word “mitigate” in the paragraph 2 most probably means _______. A. ease B. strengthen C. balance D. change 3. What’s the basic and best way to deal with the extreme weather events? A. Learning more weather knowledge. B. Increasing the support of the government. C. Learning more about observation networks. D. Strengthening the sharing of weather information 4. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. All the countries should work together. B. Cooperation is important between rich countries. C. Developing countries depend on developed countries much. D. Rich countries play a more important role than poor countries. 5. Which of the following is right according to passage? A. Adaptation is necessary for all the countries all over the world. B. Adaptation is necessary for developed countries than developing countries. C. Developed countries produce more greenhouse gas than developing countries. D. Developing countries produce more greenhouse gas than developed countries. If you are having trouble falling asleep, you are in good company. About 65% of Americans said they have sleeping problems a few nights each week, according to a recent study by the National Sleep Foundation. Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed(沮喪的). But before you go to a doctor for advice, it is worth examining your sleeping habits one more time. Some of your favorite evening habits may have something to do with the sleeping problems. Setting a Bright Alarm Clock The light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you from falling asleep. You can make your room as dark as possible. Cover the bright numbers with a book or consider buying a small travel clock. Your cellphone alarm may also do the trick. Counting Sheep When you just can’t fall asleep, it’s useless to stay in bed to count sheep. If you’ve been trying to fall asleep for more than 30 minutes, the National Sleep Foundation suggests you get up to do some reading or watch TV for a while. Such activities will make you sleepy. Before you know it, you’ll be going back to bed really tired. Exercising Late at Night? Daytime workouts(鍛煉) will keep you full of energy for hours. That’s why you don’t want to exercise within three hours of hitting the sack. Fierce(劇烈的) physical activity raise your body temperature and pumps your energy level—both are bad for a good night’s sleep. 6. What can we learn from the first sentence of the passage? A. It’s not good to fail to fall asleep at night. B. People in a good company often have sleeping problems. C. There are many people who have sleeping problems. D. You should find someone to talk to if you can’t fall asleep. 7. The underlined part “hitting the sack” in the last paragraph means “______”. A. going back home B. going to bed C. going to the gym D. falling asleep 8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. The bad results of getting too little sleep. B. Why the bright alarm clock keeps you awake. C. What to do if you can’t fall asleep after 30 minutes. D. Why watching TV and reading books make people sleepy. 9. By writing the passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us _______. A. why so many people can’t sleep well at night. B. how to enjoy a good night’s sleep. C. that sleeping problems are troubling more and more people. D. that people may solve their sleeping problems by some habits. C Let’s face it. No one drinks diet soda for the taste. People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it. Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect, according to a new study. Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didn’t drink diet soda. “What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were likely to gain,” said Sharon Fowler. The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large, continuing research project, where the participants were followed for nearly l0 years. While the findings are surprising, they also offer some explanations. Nutrition expert, Melanie Rogers, who works with overweight patients in New York, has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet soda, they don’t lose weight at all. “We weren’t seeing weight loss necessarily, and that was confusing to us,” said Rogers. So why would diet soda cause weight gain? No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so over-compensate (過度補(bǔ)償) for the missing calories. A related study found some sweeteners (甜味劑) raised blood sugar levels in some mice. “Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion (推廣) of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky,” said Helen P. Hazuda, professor at the University of Texas’s school of medicine. “They may be free of calories, but not of consequences.” 10. People drink diet soda to _____________. A. enjoy its taste B. stay in fashion C. gain more energy D. achieve weight loss 11. The new study suggests that drinking diet soda _________________. A. makes people much thinner B. helps people to be healthier C. causes people to become heavier D. offers people more calories 12. We can learn from the passage that ____________________. A. regular soda makes people lose more weight B. diet soda does help reduce calories C. diet soda drinkers tend to eat more food D. most blood diseases come from diet soda 13. The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph probably refers to ___________. A. sweeteners B. diet sodas and artificial sweeteners C. sodas D. diet soda drinkers and sweetener takers 四、書面表達(dá)： 假如你是校學(xué)生會主席，為了更好地保護(hù)環(huán)境，你代表學(xué)生會向全校學(xué)生發(fā)出倡議。請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，寫一份倡議書： 1 保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的職責(zé)。 2 我們要養(yǎng)成環(huán)保的習(xí)慣：(1)盡量步行上學(xué)或騎自行車上學(xué)(2)離開房間前關(guān)燈和其他電器(3)不隨地扔垃圾(4）節(jié)約用水 3 發(fā)出環(huán)保的號召。 注意：1 詞數(shù)：120左右 2 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫 參考詞匯：電器electrical applicance （可數(shù)名詞） Dear friends， As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Thank you! The students’ Union 參考答案 一、 1.【答案】B【解析】as long as “只要”。只要你全身心的投入，你一定能學(xué)好英語。【教材原句】It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off! 2.【答案】 B【解析】There is no doubt that...“毫無疑問。。?！? 【教材原句】There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 3.【答案】A【解析】句意：大宗購物經(jīng)常不是很貴，但在購買之前你最好檢查一下(你要買的商品的)質(zhì)量。in quantity大量地，很多；第二空后的quality表示特指，故用定冠詞。 【教材原句】The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 4.【答案】A【解析】句意：這種酒的價格每瓶從十元到一百元不等。range“(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動，變化”，常見搭配range from...to...或range between...and...。 【教材原句】...it will encourage a greater range of animals ... 5.【答案】C【解析】come about發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生。句意：已經(jīng)10點(diǎn)了。不知為何這么短的路程她卻遲到了兩個小時。 【教材原句】So how has this come about and does it matter? 6.【答案】C【解析】句意：總統(tǒng)反時對該國實(shí)行軍事援助。oppose (doing) sth.＝be opposed to (doing) sth.反對。如選B項(xiàng)應(yīng)在object后加to，如選D項(xiàng)應(yīng)在against前加is?！窘滩脑洹縊n the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 7.【答案】A【解析】句意為：許多年來，科學(xué)家們一直擔(dān)心空氣污染對地球的自然環(huán)境帶來的影響。effect影響；result結(jié)果；account敘述，賬目；cause原因，事業(yè)。根據(jù)句意及on可知此處為effect。 【教材原句】The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15℃. 8.【答案】D【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句，正常的語序是：“It was because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe that the flight had to be put off.”，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是表示原因的狀語。 9.【答案】D【解析】it作形式賓語。真正賓語是to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me. 10.【答案】A【解析】此處it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的主語主句that she thinks so highly of herself. 二、完形填空 2. B 冰山和極地冰川融化導(dǎo)致（cause）全世界海平面上升。 3. C 許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為（believe）。。。。 4. D 那會給像紐約一樣的島國及臨海地區(qū)帶來麻煩（trouble）。 5. A 紐約的官員們在研究（study）對付（deal with）水面上升的辦法。B 同上。 6. B 當(dāng)去年十月份超級颶風(fēng)襲擊（strick）紐約時。 7. C 紐約嘗到了未來（future）可能要品嘗的味道。 8. D The water was up to half of the door 水位上升到門的中間。Up to 高達(dá)，多達(dá)。 9. C 下文有提示。Until we opened the door, 10. D 人們看到冰箱漂浮（float）在水里。 11. A 這里著的是紐約市。 12. B 下文是這個人對在這種情形（conditions）下的描述（describe）。 13. C 同上。 14. D 上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 15. A 因?yàn)槌鲎廛囋谒?，所以是小船了? 16. B 還會再上升1.5米。Another 再一個；又一個 17. D 海平面上升，所以沿海的（coastal）城市會面臨著危險(xiǎn)。 18. A risk 冒險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn) 19. C either ...or 或者。。?；蛘? 20. B 只有搬到高一 三、 本文為一記敘文，主要講述了世界氣象組織號召各國減少排放溫室氣體，同時也要適應(yīng)氣候變化等以共同應(yīng)對全球變暖。 1. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句，可知C項(xiàng)正確。 2. A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本詞所在句子的句意及下一句的句意，可知本詞意為“減輕，緩和”，A項(xiàng)正確。 3. D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句，可知，應(yīng)對極端天氣的方法就是加強(qiáng)信息共享，D項(xiàng)正確。 4. A。推理判斷題。通過閱讀本段，可知全球變暖是一個世界性問題，需要所有國家相互合作。 5. A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段，可知除了要努力減少排放溫室氣體外，適應(yīng)現(xiàn)在的氣候狀況對每個國家來說也是必須的。 B 6【答案】C 【試題解析】文章的一開始就點(diǎn)明了主題，后面的內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步陳述說美國65%的人有睡眠問題。 故選的是C項(xiàng)。 7.【答案】B 【試題解析】本段描述的就是夜晚鍛煉與睡眠的關(guān)系，此處指的是鍛煉容易使人興奮，不愿上床睡覺。 所以此處應(yīng)該指的是go to bed，故選的是B項(xiàng)。 8.【答案】D 【試題解析】文章的第一段中的Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed.講的是睡眠缺乏的不良影響；第二段中的第一句The light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you from falling asleep. 講的是鬧鐘光線影響人的睡眠；第三段中If you’ve been trying to fall asleep for more than 30 minutes, the National Sleep Foundation suggests you get up to do some reading or watch TV for a while.則講的是上床后半個小時還睡不著的解決建議；并沒有論述看電視和看書為什么使人犯困； 故選的是D項(xiàng)。 9.【答案】D 【試題解析】本文的中心主題就是論述導(dǎo)致人們睡眠不好的幾個生活習(xí)慣問題。故選的是D項(xiàng)。 10.【試題解析】由第一段的No one drinks diet soda for the taste.可知A項(xiàng)錯誤；B和C項(xiàng)文章中未提及。第一段第二句話 People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.可知D項(xiàng)正確。 11.【答案】C 【試題解析】由第五段when patients are switched from regular to diet soda, they don’t lose weight at all.可知A項(xiàng)錯誤。由第二段的“What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were lik ely to gain,” 可知C項(xiàng)正確 12.【答案】C 【試題解析】由倒數(shù)第二段的“No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so over-compensate (過度補(bǔ)償) for the missing calories.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。 13.【答案】B 【試題解析】由最后一段的Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion (推廣) of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky,” said Helen P. Hazuda, professor at the University of Texas’s school of medicine. 可判斷They指這句中的diet sodas and artificial sweeteners。所以B項(xiàng)正確。 四、 Dear friends， As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Our life and health have been affected greatly.The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it, not only for ourselves but also for our future generations. Fortunately, more and more people have become aware of this problem.Many effective meaures have been taken to deal with it by the government. I think we should follow the following advice.First, go to school on foot or by bike as often as possible.Second, turn off the light and other electrical applicances before leaving the room. Third, never throw rubbish here and there. Fourth, save water. It’s time that we shoud do something to protect our environment. Only by taking good care of our earth today will it be more beautiful tomorrow. Thank you! The students’ Union