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專題一　閱讀理解 訓練1　事實認定 A(導學號59430054) If you are a traditional traveller who believes cameras are irreplaceable，here are some things you should pay attention to when looking for the perfect camera. Sensor size Along with the megapixel (百萬像素) count，the size of the sensor dictates the general image quality as well as the cameras performance in low light.It also determines whether the camera can electronically put the details it captures bigger enough to see—which is what makes the pictures not clear enough to see when you view the photos on a bigger screen. Portability “The important thing is that the camera isnt too big or heavy，and that you have a good zoom (變焦距鏡頭) range for both wide－angle and telephoto shots (遠距攝影照片)，”Atherton told CNN.A good choice would be a slim，light pocket camera with a high－qualified built－in optical zoom.“These are very popular for travel as they are light，but built with a telephoto lens that can zoom up to 60 times，” Atherton said. Zoom and shutter (快門) speed For action or crowd shots，a fast shutter speed is a key factor.“When dealing with anything thats active—wildlife or people in action on the street—faces change within a tiny part of a second，” said Arnold，“a fast shutter speed is helpful in shooting the several hundred photos you might need to get that single winning shot.” 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文，介紹了旅行者在選擇適合旅行的相機時應該注意的一些事情，以及該類型相機的特點。 1. According to Atherton，what isnt a requirement for an ideal camera? A．Portable shape.　　　B．Wide－ranged zoom. C．Good telephoto lens. D．Reasonable sensor size. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Portability部分中的“The important thing is that the camera isnt too big or heavy，and that you have a good zoom (變焦距鏡頭) range for both wide－angle and telephoto shots (遠距攝影照片)”和“a slim，light pocket camera”可知答案為D項。 答案：D 2．What will contribute to a satisfactory photo of a running lion in the wild? A．The sensor size. B．The zoom range. C．The shutter speed. D．The megapixel. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Zoom and shutter (快門) speed的內(nèi)容，尤其是“For action or crowd shots，a fast shutter speed is a key factor”可知答案為C項。 答案：C 3．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．How to choose ideal travel cameras? B．How to put a camera into good use? C．A fashionable camera—up for sale D．A high－quality camera—a modern lifes must 解析：標題判斷題。全文談的就是怎樣選擇適合旅行中使用的相機，具體介紹了該類型相機的相關(guān)特點，故A項最適合作為本文標題。 答案：A B(導學號59430055) When Tom Szaky sees a juice container thrown away，he doesnt see rubbish，but he sees a pencil case.Sweet wrappers? A beautiful kite! But these are not the imaginings of a dreamer.For the 28－year－old CEO of Trenton，New Jersey－based TerraCycle，theyre a business model. The fast－talking Szaky is leading the new industry of upcycling (升級改造)．Instead of recycling，TerraCycle takes packaging headed for landfills (廢物填埋地) and reuses it—more or less whole.TerraCycles 85 employees make nearly 200 products，sold at shops such as Petco，Kmart，Whole Foods Market，and Target. Szakys $7.4 million company，now also moving ahead in Mexico，Canada，the United Kingdom and Brazil，is quite different from the business he founded with his classmate Jon Beyer in 2002 as a freshman at Princeton University.The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell organic plant fertilizers made from worm waste.They lost the competition，but started the business anyway. With their goal—to make products entirely out of rubbish—suddenly clear，Szaky knew the time was right to drop out of Princeton. TerraCycles first product used dining－h(huán)all waste to feed the worms and thrown－away bottles to package the fertilizer.The result: a cheap，green breakthrough.Word spread，and in 2004，Home Depot began carrying the fertilizer in its Canadian stores. To Szaky，waste does not exist in nature.TerraCycle is a “second chance” employer of，say，a piece of furniture，an ice－cream container.As Szaky points out，“The biggest problem with most green，fair－trade，and organic products is that they tend to cost more.At TerraCycle，everything is made from rubbish，and rubbish is free.People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right.” 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了薩奇創(chuàng)立特拉循環(huán)公司對垃圾進行升級改造，從而制造出新產(chǎn)品的經(jīng)過及理念。 4．What is Tom Szaky now? A．The CEO of TerraCycle. B．An employee of Home Depot. C．A student at Princeton University. D．The manager of a food company. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“the 28－year－old CEO of Trenton，New Jersey－based TerraCycle”可知，湯姆薩奇是特拉循環(huán)公司的首席執(zhí)行官。因此，該題選A項。 答案：A 5．How did Szaky get the idea of upcycling? A．From his visits to foreign companies. B．From his studies at Princeton University. C．Through shopping at big stores in America. D．Through the experience of a business competition. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell organic plant fertilizers made from worm waste.They lost the competition，but started the business anyway”可知，薩奇從事升級改造產(chǎn)業(yè)的想法源于一次商業(yè)競爭的經(jīng)歷。因此，該題選D項。 答案：D 6．What is the goal of TerraCycle? A．To make cheap and green products. B．To recycle waste materials in another way. C．To make products completely out of rubbish. D．To change worm waste into organic plant fertilizers. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“With their goal—to make products entirely out of rubbish...”可知，特拉循環(huán)公司的目標是“完全用垃圾制造產(chǎn)品”。因此，該題選C。A、D兩項都是該公司做的具體事情，而非其目標。B項與第二段中的“Instead of recycling，TerraCycle takes packaging headed for landfills (廢物填埋地) and reuses it...”的表述不一致。 答案：C 7．What is the advantage of upcycling according to Szaky? A．The cost is kept rather low. B．More materials are available. C．It has a large promising market. D．Its products are environmentally friendly. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“At TerraCycle，everything is made from rubbish，and rubbish is free.People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right”可知，升級改造產(chǎn)業(yè)的優(yōu)勢在于原材料是免費的，制造成本相當?shù)土?。因此，該題選A項。 答案：A C Christmas in the United States is traditionally a time of gift－giving and family gatherings.But small towns across the country have their own traditions. Middleburg，a small town in the state of Virginia，is known for its horses.For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行)．Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields.They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox.But first，these hunters ride in the yearly parade，wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats. John Hale，a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town.“We have a lot of people from an urban area that come to visit，but it incorporates a lot of the old traditions.” The nighttime hayride is one such tradition.Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay.The passengers sing as farm horses pull the wagon slowly across the fields. There are some newer traditions，too.Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort.He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day.He says Middleburg can be a calming，peaceful place without tension. “Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back，to take a deep breath，and understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace，theres really an opportunity where youre allowed to step off for a little bit.” Parade organizers say more than 13，000 people attend even in below freezing weather.But if you ask，you will hear many different reasons why people come to watch the parade： “I come here because Im from a small town.I like how everybody comes together.” “I live right down that street，right there.And thats my dog.” Middleburg looks its best at Christmastime.That may be why so many people return each year. 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了弗吉尼亞州的一個小鎮(zhèn)米德爾堡的圣誕傳統(tǒng)。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Middleburgs Christmas parade B．A small town known for horses C．Christmas traditions in Middleburg D．Newer traditions at Christmastime 解析：標題判斷題。本文主要介紹了弗吉尼亞州的一個小鎮(zhèn)米德爾堡的圣誕傳統(tǒng)，C項最具概括性。 答案：C 9．At Christmas，people in Middleburg usually ________． A．visit friends and families B．feed farm horses with hay C．hunt for dogs in the woods D．ride in the yearly parade 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行)．Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields”可知，在圣誕節(jié)，米德爾堡的人們會在一年一度的游行中騎馬。 答案：D 10．According to Trey Matheu，why do people visit Middleburg? A．To relax themselves. B．To enjoy the fresh air. C．To escape competition. D．To challenge themselves. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四、五段可知，特里馬修認為游覽米德爾堡會讓人感到放松、平靜，可以暫時逃離快節(jié)奏的生活，因此選擇A項。 答案：A 11．What do we know about the small town Middleburg? A．It makes a large profit from tourism. B．It attracts many people each year. C．It is a good place for family gatherings. D．It doesnt respect Christmas traditions. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“Parade organizers say more than 13，000 people attend even in below freezing weather”可知，這個小鎮(zhèn)每年吸引很多人游覽。 答案：B D India is a country with 1.2 billion people，of which 30% still live in poverty，and 56% of the workforce is engaged in agriculture even though it contributes only 18% of GDP.Reforming Indias economy will therefore require more than just the relaxation of business regulations; it will require a massive reallocation of labour and the retraining of farm workers for other professions through better education and vocational training.In addition，only 29% of women in India are in the workforce even though they make up 50% of the population，which represents the severe underuse of a valuable resource，and a barrier to progress. The government with Modi as the Premier will have to create a basic construction to correct the problem of these inefficiencies.It is also important to note that the reorganization of Indias labour force will take years，if not decades，to produce results for the economy.All this can push returns down for investors in the short and medium term. Another major challenge for Indias free market experiment will be the foundation of BJP (人民黨)，which has its roots in religion.Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society，and the conservative social and political philosophies (思想體系) of Modis party could prevent that from happening. The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government.While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform，they are also the easiest to be exploited by some corporations and may require state－sponsored welfare for existence.This creates an obvious contradiction for the government and a real free market in India.To lift the country economically，capitalist principles must be accepted completely，but without state control，Indias poor and middle class may be left behind. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了印度的政治環(huán)境以及目前所面臨的經(jīng)濟改革問題。 12．To change Indias economy more effectively，________． A．business regulations should be restricted B．farm workers deserve retraining and reallocating C．more people should be engaged in agriculture D．women should make up 50% of the workforce 解析： 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“it will require a massive reallocation of labour and the retraining of farm workers”可知，需要重新分配勞動力和重新培訓農(nóng)民工，即B項正確。 答案：B 13．Free market economics can function well with ________． A．traditional social structures B．a(chǎn) society full of liberty C．conservative political philosophies D．the basic policy of BJP 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society”可知，自由市場經(jīng)濟能夠正常運轉(zhuǎn)需要一個真正自由的社會，即B項正確。 答案：B 14. Under the control of the government，________ will benefit from the economic reform. A．both commerce and industry B．both state factories and local firms C．both middle－class people and poor people D．both urban and rural areas 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform”和“but without state control，Indias poor and middle class may be left behind”可知，經(jīng)濟改革將使中產(chǎn)階級和窮人都受益，即C項正確。 答案：C 15．The tone of the author towards Indias economic reform is ________． A．favourable B．disapproving C．optimistic D．doubtful 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第三段和第四段的“The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government”可知，印度的經(jīng)濟改革挑戰(zhàn)巨大、困難重重，作者對其持懷疑態(tài)度，即D項正確。 答案：D