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1、Inventors and inventionsUnit 3Section Using LanguageUnit 3 詞匯過關(guān) 1freeze(vt/vi)(使)結(jié)冰，冰結(jié)；冷藏；呆住 _(adj)冰凍的；嚴(yán)寒的；極冷的/(n)冰點(diǎn)；凝固點(diǎn) _(adj)冷凍的；冷藏的；凍僵的；驚呆的 2_(v&n)輕敲，輕打，輕拍；輕輕地敲擊(聲)，(水)龍頭 3tri(前綴)angle(n)角，角度 _(n)三角形；三角形物體freezingfrozentaptriangle 4_(adj)穩(wěn)固的；穩(wěn)定的；安定的 _(adv)穩(wěn)固地；穩(wěn)定地；安定地 _(n)穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)5_(adj)清白的；無罪的

2、；天真的 _(n)清白；無辜；無罪；天真 6green(adj)綠色的grocer(n)食品雜貨商 _(n)蔬菜水果商，(pl)蔬菜水果店 7_(vt)聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系；交往/(n)同伴；伙伴 _(n)聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系；交往；協(xié)會；社團(tuán)stablestablystabilityinnocentinnocencegreengrocerassociateassociation 8extend(v)延長，延伸，擴(kuò)展 _(n)分機(jī)；擴(kuò)大；延伸 9_(n)能力；勝利；本領(lǐng) _(adj)能勝任的；有能力的；稱職的 10_(adj)實(shí)際的，實(shí)踐的，實(shí)用的 _(v)練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練 _(n)練習(xí)extensioncompete

3、ncecompetentpracticalpractisepractice 短語自查 1set out(to do)_ 2ring back _ 3ring off _ 4be associated with _ 5迅速把手伸入；一心投入 _ 6不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住 _ 7次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障 _ 8設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通 )；(設(shè)法)做完；通過 _開始(做)回復(fù) 掛斷 和有聯(lián)系dive intohang onout of orderget through 經(jīng)典句式 1_ you do you will be certain to find something that you have nev

4、er seen before 每次你這樣做時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你以前沒發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。2_，it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges 這種四面體非常穩(wěn)固，被證明是橋梁設(shè)計(jì)中的無價之寶。答案：1Every time2Being very stable 語篇理解 Read the passage and tell if the following statements are true(T)or false(F)1Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Boston，USA()2Bells mother wa

5、s completely deaf，but with the help of Bell，she could hear what Bell said()3It was Bells interest and curiosity that led to the invention of the telephone()4In order to improve his invention，Bell made Morse code()5Bell invented the telephone by chance because he had menat to improve the telegraph()6

6、Right after he invented the telephone，he successfully sent a message to his assistant Watson()7He invented the helicopter and other flying machines()8Bell is respected for he devoted all himself to improving everybodys life()答案：1F2F3T4F5T6F7F8T課堂要點(diǎn)探究課堂要點(diǎn)探究 1current n(水或氣)流；電流 He swam to the shore ag

7、ainst a strong current 他逆著急流游向岸邊。n趨向；思潮；潮流 Ministers are worried about this current of antigovernment feeling 部長們對這股反政府情緒感到擔(dān)憂。adj(通常作定語)現(xiàn)在的；當(dāng)前的；通用的；流通的 In its current state，the car is worth 1,000 按目前的狀況，這輛小汽車值1000英鎊。知識拓展(1)the current year 今年 a strong current 急流 air/electrical current 氣流/電流(2)curren

8、t fashions/events/prices 時裝/時事/現(xiàn)價 They are expecting profits of over$3 million in the current year 他們期盼著今年有三百多萬的利潤。She likes current fashions very much 她很喜歡時裝?；顚W(xué)活用(1)漢譯英 暴風(fēng)雨掀起了巨浪。_ 答案：The storm whipped up huge waves(2)用恰當(dāng)詞語填空 The_(水流)is strongest in the middle of the river 答案：current 2stable adj穩(wěn)定的；

9、穩(wěn)固的；安定的 The ladder doesnt seem very stable 這個梯子好像不太穩(wěn)。He was clearly not a very stable person 很明顯，他不是一個很沉穩(wěn)的人。This is a politically stable country 這是一個政治上穩(wěn)定的國家。知識拓展 stability n穩(wěn)定(性)stabilize v穩(wěn)定；穩(wěn)固 stably adv穩(wěn)定地；沉穩(wěn)地 比較網(wǎng)站 stable，firm與steady 這些形容詞都有“穩(wěn)固的”之意。(1)stable多指根基牢固，平衡良好，也指性格或位置等的穩(wěn)定，不可移動或改變。A stab

10、le government is essential to economic growth 穩(wěn)定的政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長是重要的。(2)firm指牢固不可動搖或意志、信仰的堅(jiān)定。I dont think the chair is firm enough to stand on 我覺得這椅子不夠穩(wěn)固，不能站人。(3)steady指保持平衡不動搖。用于有形物時，指沒有根基的穩(wěn)固，也指動中的穩(wěn)。The price of fruits remains steady 水果的價格保持穩(wěn)定。活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞語填空 Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat withou

11、t big changes in temperature，thus creating a _ environment 答案：stable句意：水能吸收和散發(fā)大量的熱而不會引起太大的溫度變化，這樣營造了一種穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。由句意知填stable“穩(wěn)定的”。1hang on不掛斷；緊緊握??；稍等不掛斷；緊緊握??；稍等 The line was engaged and the operator asked if Id like to hang on 占線了，話務(wù)員問我是否愿意等一下占線了，話務(wù)員問我是否愿意等一下(別掛別掛斷斷 )。Its hard work but if you hang on you

12、ll succeed in the end 這是件困難的工作，但如果你堅(jiān)持不懈，最這是件困難的工作，但如果你堅(jiān)持不懈，最后是能成功的。后是能成功的。知識拓展 hang on作“別掛斷，堅(jiān)持”講時等于hold on。hang back畏縮不前；退縮 hang up掛起；掛斷 hang about拖延；閑逛 hang out常去某處；泡在某處 get the hang of了解；熟悉 Dont hang back in the face of difficulties 不要因?yàn)槔щy而卻步。You hang out with that car more than you hang out with

13、your own son 你在那輛車上花的時間，比你用在兒子身上的時間還要多?；顚W(xué)活用(1)用hang的正確形式或相關(guān)的詞組填空 She _ the phone angrily before I could speak _ a minute，Im just coming I dont like to see all these youths _ street corners _ the rope；dont let it go 答案：hung upHang onhanging about Hang on to(2)補(bǔ)全句子 It is difficult for a foreigner to _

14、 _ _ _(掌握)English idioms 答案：get the hang of句意：對一個外國人來說，掌握英語習(xí)語很難。get the hang of“了解，熟悉，掌握”，符合句意。2out of order(機(jī)器或設(shè)備等)發(fā)生故障，失靈 My watch was out of order 我的手表出故障了。次序顛倒(紊亂)；排列錯誤 I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order 我檢查過案卷，其中有些未按順序編排。知識拓展(1)out of order的反義詞組：in order整齊，狀況良好，適宜，按順序(

15、2)類似的短語有：out of breath上氣不接下氣 out of control失去控制 out of danger脫離危險 out of date過時的，過期的 out of place不合適的(不相稱的，不適合的)out of question毫無疑問，一定，當(dāng)然 out of reach夠不著 out of sight看不見，在視野之外 out of touch失去聯(lián)系 out of work失業(yè) Ill see that everything is in good order when the guests arrive 客人來時我會把一切都料理得井井有條的。His idea i

16、s really out of date 他的想法太過時了。Im out of touch with most of the friends of my school days 我和大部分學(xué)生時代的朋友們都失去聯(lián)系了?；顚W(xué)活用 完成句子(1)狂風(fēng)暴雨使交通運(yùn)輸秩序太亂。The violent storm made the transportation system _ _ _(2)經(jīng)過搶救，病人終于脫險。The patient was finally _ _ _ after the emergency treatment(3)那男孩爬上樹，但仍夠不到樹上的蘋果。The boy climbed

17、the tree，but the apples were still _ _ _ _ 答案：(1)out of order(2)out of danger(3)out of his reach 3get through設(shè)法聯(lián)系上設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打尤指打 )；(設(shè)設(shè)法法)做完；通過做完；通過(考試考試)；成功；成功 I tried several times，but couldnt get through 我打了好幾次我打了好幾次 ，但都沒打通。，但都沒打通。We were very glad when we heard that you had got through your exam 聽說

18、你考試及格了，我們都很高興。聽說你考試及格了，我們都很高興。The government managed to get the new law through 政府終于通過了新的法案。政府終于通過了新的法案。These children got through with their homework at school 這些孩子在學(xué)校就把家庭作業(yè)完成了。這些孩子在學(xué)校就把家庭作業(yè)完成了。知識拓展 get across被理解，被傳達(dá)；把講清楚 get away with干了(壞事)而不受處罰 get down to開始認(rèn)真做(to為介詞)get over克服 get rid of擺脫；除去 Di

19、d your speech get across to the audience？你的演說聽眾都懂了嗎？It is time that they got down to doing their work 是他們該開始認(rèn)真干活的時候了。Lets get rid of this old furniture 咱們把這件舊家具扔掉吧?；顚W(xué)活用(1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕楦痹~填空 Once you want to do something，you must get down _ doing it well Your meaning didnt really get _ He decided to get rid _

20、 his bad habit himself I rang you several times but couldnt get _ 答案：toacrossofthrough(2)用get短語填空 I tried phoning her office，but I couldnt_ _ 答案：get through句意：我試著給她辦公室打 ，但打不通(couldnt get through)。4ring sbback 回復(fù)回復(fù) You can ring him back if you are free 如果你有空的話給他回個如果你有空的話給他回個 。I didnt get through just

21、 now but soon he rang back 剛才我沒接通剛才我沒接通()，但很快他就打了回來。，但很快他就打了回來。知識拓展 ring off掛斷 ring out發(fā)出響亮而清晰的聲音 ring sbup給某人打 ring round給各處打 Ill ring you up tonight 今晚我要給你打 。A pistol shot rang out 發(fā)令槍響了。活學(xué)活用 完成句子(1)I will_ _(回復(fù) )as soon as I find something wrong(2)John rang you；he wanted you to_ him _(給回 )(3)Ill

22、have to_ _(掛斷 )nowI have a train to catch(4)Can you_ _(別掛斷)？Ill try to find her 答案：(1)ring back(2)ring；back(3)ring off/hang up(4)hold on/hang on 1Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before 每次你這樣做的時候，你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)你從未見過的東西。本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，其中every time在此句中引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；that引

23、導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為something。知識拓展 every time，each time，next time，immediately，the moment，the minute等可用從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。The moment I got off the train，I saw my father 我一下火車就看到了我的父親。Every time he comes here，he asks me for money 每次來，他都向我要錢。Immediately he turned up at the airport，he was surrounded by the reporters 他

24、一出現(xiàn)在機(jī)場，就被記者包圍了?；顚W(xué)活用 補(bǔ)全句子(1)我一看見她就把她認(rèn)出來了。I recognized her _ I saw her 答案：immediately/instantly/directly(2)每次我看見她，她都是一幅幸福的樣子。_ _ I see her，she looks happy 答案：Every time 2Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind 跟蹤下去，不斷探索

25、，不知不覺中，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)某種值得思考的東西盤踞在你的頭腦。本句中含有重要結(jié)構(gòu)：“祈使句and(表結(jié)果的)簡單句”，祈使句表示“條件”，簡單句表示“結(jié)果”，通常使用一般將來時。句型“祈使句and(表結(jié)果的)簡單句”的意義為“干某事，那么就會”；“祈使句or/or else/otherwise(表結(jié)果的)簡單句”的意義為“干某事，否則就會”，連詞or可用 or else/otherwise替代。Work hard and(If you work hard)you will pass your examinations 你若用功，考試就能及格。Arrive late once more and(If

26、 you arrive late once more)youre fired 你再遲到一次，就把你開除。Turn the heat down or your cake will burn 把熱度調(diào)低吧，要不蛋糕就要糊了。Run or else youll be late 快跑，不然你要遲到了。Put the cap back on the bottle，otherwise the juice will spill 把瓶蓋兒蓋好，要不汁液就灑出來了?；顚W(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞語或形式填空(1)(真題改編大綱卷)_(call)me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab

27、 result 答案：Call本題考查固定句式。句意：明天上午給我打 ，我會讓你知道實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。由語境可知，此處是“祈使句and一般將來時態(tài)”這一固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)，故填call。(2)You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you 答案：or本題考查連詞的用法。句意：你需要離開這條車道，否則卡車不能從你旁邊過去。or意為“否則，要不然”，符合語境。3One day as he was experimenting with one end of a straw joined to a deaf mans ear drum

28、and the other to a piece of smoked glass，Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear，the straw drew sound waves on the glass 有一天做實(shí)驗(yàn)，他把一根干草的一端和一個聾子的耳鼓膜連接起來，干草的另一端與一塊被煙熏過的玻璃相連接。貝爾發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他對著耳朵說話的時候，這根干草就把聲波畫在玻璃上。本句的主語是Bell，謂語是noticed，that引導(dǎo)了一個賓語從句，在這個賓語從句中又有一個由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；as引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，過去分詞短語joined to a

29、 deaf mans ear drum作后置定語，修飾straw；the other to a piece of smoked glass是個省略句，可補(bǔ)充為the other end of the straw joined to a piece of smoked glass。知識拓展 并列句中的省略常有以下幾種情況：如果主語不同，而謂語動詞中的一部分相同，則省略謂語動詞中相同的那部分。John must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework 約翰一定在踢球，而瑪麗一定在做作業(yè)。主語相同，謂

30、語動詞也相同，則二者都可以省略。His suggestions made John happy，but(his suggestions made)Mary angry 他的建議使約翰高興，卻使瑪麗很生氣。主語相同，而謂語不同，則可以省略主語。Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but(he)soon returned to his old ways 老邁克唐納戒了一陣子煙，可很快又抽上了。在并列復(fù)合句中，如果that從句從屬于第二個并列句且它的謂語動詞和賓語等其他一些成分與第一個并列句相同時，這個that從句通?？梢允÷赃@些相同的部分。Jack w

31、ill sing at the party，but I know John wont(sing at the party)杰克將在晚會上唱歌，但我知道約翰不會在晚會上唱歌?；顚W(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞語或形式填空(1)The police still havent found the lost child，but theyre doing all they _ 答案：can考查情態(tài)動詞與省略。句意：警察仍然沒有找到那個失蹤的孩子，但他們在盡他們所能去尋找他。can“能”，與句意相符。本句完整結(jié)構(gòu)為：theyre doing all they can do to look for him。(2)It is

32、 worth considering what makes“convenience”foods so popular，and _(introduce)better ones of your own 答案：introducing句意：什么東西使得“方便”食品如此流行值得考慮，引進(jìn)你自己的更好的(方便食品)也值得考慮。introducing better ones of your own是“It is worth considering introducing better ones of your own”的省略形式。4But he found the problem difficult to

33、solve 但是他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個問題很難解決。findn(賓語)adj(賓補(bǔ))to do(to do作狀語修飾adj)是finditadj(賓補(bǔ))to do sth(it是形式賓語，to do sth是真正的賓語)的變式 注意：“to do”形式中當(dāng)“do”為不及物動詞時，應(yīng)在后面加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。并且動詞不定式使用一般式。The man found the river dangerous to swim inThe man found it dangerous to swim in the river 這個人發(fā)現(xiàn)在這條河里游泳很危險。知識拓展 find后的賓語可以是名詞或代詞，而補(bǔ)語則可由許多成分充

34、當(dāng)：(1)find賓語形容詞/副詞/介詞短語。如：I seldom found him out 我很少發(fā)現(xiàn)他外出。When I woke up I found myself in a hospital 當(dāng)我醒來時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。(2)find賓語現(xiàn)在分詞。如：They found the lost boy hiding in the cave 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個失蹤的男孩藏在洞里。(3)find賓語過去分詞。如：We found the place outside greatly changed 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)外面全變了。(4)find賓語名詞。如：I find him an easy man to

35、 work with 我覺得他是個容易共事的人。活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)形式填空(1)I found him easy _(get along)答案：to get along with句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)他很容易相處。本題屬于findn(賓語)adj(賓補(bǔ))to do結(jié)構(gòu)，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中要求to do使用一般式，并且當(dāng)do為不及物動詞時，應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。(2)I like getting up very early in summerThe morning air is so good_(breathe)答案：to breathe句意：在夏季，我喜歡早起。呼吸早晨的空氣有益于身心。本句還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：It is

36、so good(for us)to breathe the morning air不定式(短語)修飾作表語或補(bǔ)足語的形容詞時，通常采用主動形式表示被動含義。(3)They found the lecture hard_(understand)；they all felt sleepy 答案：to understand句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個講座很難懂，所以他們都有懨懨欲睡的感覺。不定式修飾作表語或補(bǔ)足語的形容詞時，如果和句子的主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，不定式通常采用主動形式表示被動含義。如何寫求職信(Letter of application)寫作指導(dǎo) 求職信屬于應(yīng)用文中的書信類。寫作時，要注意

37、書信的一些基本格式。首先，要注意開篇交代句、末尾總結(jié)句和常識性語句，提高文章的呼應(yīng)性。開篇句往往交代得知消息的渠道，并表明求職心愿。如：Ive learned from the newspaper that you are employing a.and Im very interested in it末尾句往往表達(dá)希望能很快收到答復(fù)的迫切愿望并表明感激之情。如：I would be very thankful if you would give me an early reply 第二，求職信往往需要介紹自己的姓名、年齡、身高、健康狀況、業(yè)余愛好、特長、工作態(tài)度及人際關(guān)系等。常見的短語有be

38、 in good health，be good at，be expert in，have rich working experience，enjoy doing sth，in ones spare time，be strict with，be kind to，get on well with等。此外，要防止遺漏要點(diǎn)。如果是針對廣告招聘的求職信，應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀廣告，明確招聘要求，并對照自己的條件，逐一加以介紹，同時還要注上自己的通訊地址和聯(lián)系方式。注意：1篇幅不宜太長，要簡明扼要。2態(tài)度要誠懇，實(shí)事求是。3所展示的信息要精煉且有針對性。4語氣要客氣、禮貌。5可用各種時態(tài)，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時

39、。常用句型 1開頭。說明寫求職信的緣由與動機(jī)。I would like to apply to become a(an).in your company In todays newspaper I noticed your advertisement for.Im writing this letter to apply for.2正文。介紹個人情況。I graduated from.I am majoring in./My major is.I am experienced in./I have experience of.I have had four years experience i

40、n my present post as.I believe that both my education and experience are directly related to your requirements 3結(jié)尾。表達(dá)你希望早日得到回音并提供你的聯(lián)系方式。I hope to have the pleasure of an interview I would appreciate your call at.I hope that you will give my application careful attention An early reply would be appre

41、ciatedThank you I would be most grateful if my request receives your favorable consideration 話題導(dǎo)入 假定你是李華，即將從浙江大學(xué)畢業(yè)，從人才周刊上看到了某公司的招聘廣告，請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容用英語寫一封求職信。1即將畢業(yè)，主修國際貿(mào)易；2通過了大學(xué)英語六級考試，擅長文字處理；3熱情樂觀，容易相處。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；3可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：人才周刊Talent Weekly；秘書secretary；大學(xué)英語六級考試CET6 寫作表達(dá)練習(xí) 1回應(yīng)_ 2

42、從畢業(yè)_ 3除了_ 4在方面有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)_ 5至于_ 6與相處融洽_ 7期待著_ 寫作表達(dá)練習(xí) 1我在人才周刊上看到貴公司6月8日的招聘廣告，特來應(yīng)聘秘書一職。_ _ 2除了專業(yè)課程，我還努力學(xué)習(xí)英語，并在2015年通過了大學(xué)英語六級考試。_ _ 3至于我的性格，我熱情樂觀，這使得我和同學(xué)相處融洽。_ _ 4您能給我打 安排一次面試嗎？_ 參考答案：寫作表達(dá)練習(xí) 1respond to2graduate from3apart from4have rich experience in5as for6get on well with7look forward to 寫作詞匯熱身 1I am resp

43、onding to your advertisement in the Talent Weekly on June 8 for the position of secretary 2Apart from courses in my major，I learned English hard and passed the CET6 in 2015 3As for my character，Im enthusiastic and optimistic，which makes me get on well with my classmates 4Would you please call me to

44、set an interview？Would you please call me to set an interview？I am looking forward to hearing from youThank you very much Sincerely yours，Li Hua課堂達(dá)標(biāo)驗(yàn)收課堂達(dá)標(biāo)驗(yàn)收 單詞拼寫 1He was sure that the man was _(無罪的，清白的)of any crime 2The famous movie star has longing for a _(穩(wěn)定的)marriage 3He gave a positive _(鑒定)of t

45、he killer 4Be _(務(wù)實(shí)的)！We cant afford the car and the vacation 5She is a _(精力充沛的)young artist 6How long will she keep her _(現(xiàn)在的)job？7He is _(聯(lián)系)with MrBrown in business 8That girl _(輕敲)her fingers on the desk impatiently 9He found their address in the telephone _(簿)10His leg was now capable of full _(

46、伸展)答案：1innocent2stable3identification4practical5dynamic6current7associated8tapped9directory10extension 用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 dive into；set out；be associated with；hang on；out of order；get through；ring back；ring off 1Sorry，I have to_Its time for me to go to work 2Im sorry but my cell phone is_It cant work n

47、ow 3With face masks，air tanks and diving suits，men can_deep water and be at home with the fish 4These concerns may_strong feelings such as anger or shame 5Whats wrong with your telephone？I cant_all the time 6Know your choices when you_to research a paper 7Please_I will write down your telephone numb

48、er and let him ring back later 8Hes not in；why dont you_after 6 oclock？答案：1ring off2out of order3dive into4be associated with5get through6set out7hang on8ring back 完成句子 1I dont wish to _ _ _(把我自己和聯(lián)系在一起)what has been said 2After we finished the work，we _ _ _ _(動身回家)3Much of the information you have gained is _ _ _ _(沒有實(shí)用性)4It took me ten minutes to persuade her to _ _(回 )later 5I _ _ _ _(接通了他的 )and he told me that he had _ _ _ _(通過了考試)答案：1associate myself with2set out for home3of no practical use4ring back5got through to him；got through the exam