【機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯】離合器5,機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯,機(jī)械類,畢業(yè)論文,中英文,對(duì)照,對(duì)比,比照,文獻(xiàn),翻譯,離合器 附 錄 A Clutch between engine and transmission installed in the car to travel from the start the whole process, often need to use the clutch. Its role is to make the engine and transmission can be gradually between the joint, thus ensuring a smooth start car; temporarily cut off the link between the engine and transmission to shift at the time of shift and reduce the impact; When the car when emergency braking from Separate role in preventing the transmission and other drive system overload, play a protective role. Clutch similar to the switch, splice or break away from the power transmission and, accordingly, have any form of auto clutch, but the form is different. By the friction plate clutch, springs, pressure plate and the power output shaft composed, arranged between the engine and gearbox, the engine flywheel to the torque is passed to the stored transmission, to ensure that vehicles in different driving conditions passed to the driver Wheel driving force and the right amount of torque, is the scope of the powertrain. In the half-time of linkage, clutch and power input power output allowed speed difference, that is, the speed error to achieve through its transfer an appropriate amount of power. Clutch is divided into three work status, ie the clutch all connections, some of the half clutch linkage and the clutch is not linked. When a vehicle in normal driving, the pressure plate is jammed against the friction plate on the flywheel, pressure plate and friction plate at this time the friction between the largest between the input shaft and output shaft remained relatively static friction, both the same speed . When the vehicle is started, the driver depresses the clutch, clutch pedal movement by pulling back pressure plate, which is the separation of the pressure plate and friction disc, pressure plate and flywheel at this time no contact, but also the relative friction does not exist. Last one, that is, half of the clutch linkage status. At this point, the pressure plate and friction disc friction less than the full-linked state. Clutch pressure plate and flywheel friction plate on the sliding friction between the state. Flywheel speed is greater than the output shaft speed, transmission out of the power from the flywheel to the transmission part of the pass. Between the engine and driving wheels at this time is equivalent to a soft connection status. In general, the clutch and the shift in the vehicle when starting to play a role, this time a transmission shaft and the speed difference between the two shafts, engine power must be cut with a shaft after the synchronizer can be very good a shaft speed will be kept synchronized with the second axis, gear hanging up after, and then through the clutch shaft and the engine power will be a combination of the power continue to be transmitted. In the clutch, there is an essential buffer device, which consists of two similar to the flywheel with the disc, the disc hit a rectangular groove, the groove arrangement of the spring, in the face of fierce shock between the two disc springs between the elastic effect, buffer external stimuli. Effective protection of the engine and clutch. Various parts of the clutch, pressure plate spring strength, friction coefficient of friction plate, clutch diameter, location, and the clutch friction disc clutch performance is to determine the number of key factors, the greater the stiffness of the spring, the higher the friction coefficient of friction plates, the larger the diameter of the clutch, clutch performance, the better. 附 錄 B 離合器安裝在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速器之間，汽車從啟動(dòng)到行駛的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，經(jīng)常需要使用離合器。它的作用是使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速器之間能逐漸接合，從而保證汽車平穩(wěn)起步；暫時(shí)切斷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速器之間的聯(lián)系，以便于換檔和減少換檔時(shí)的沖擊；當(dāng)汽車緊急制動(dòng)時(shí)能起分離作用，防止變速器等傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)過(guò)載，起到一定的保護(hù)作用。 離合器類似開(kāi)關(guān)，接合或斷離動(dòng)力傳遞作用，因此，任何形式的汽車都有離合裝置，只是形式不同而已。 離合器由摩擦片，彈簧片，壓盤以及動(dòng)力輸出軸組成，布置在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速箱之間，用來(lái)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)飛輪上儲(chǔ)存的力矩傳遞給變速箱，保證車輛在不同的行駛狀況下傳遞給驅(qū)動(dòng)輪適量的驅(qū)動(dòng)力和扭矩，屬于動(dòng)力總成的范疇。在半聯(lián)動(dòng)的時(shí)候，離合器的動(dòng)力輸入端與動(dòng)力輸出端允許有轉(zhuǎn)速差，也就是通過(guò)其轉(zhuǎn)速差來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)傳遞適量的動(dòng)力。離合器分為三個(gè)工作狀態(tài)，即不踩下離合器的全連動(dòng)，部分踩下離合器的半連動(dòng)，以及踩下離合器的不連動(dòng)。 當(dāng)車輛在正常行駛時(shí)，壓盤是緊緊擠靠在飛輪的摩擦片上的，此時(shí)壓盤與摩擦片之間的摩擦力最大，輸入軸和輸出軸之間保持相對(duì)靜摩擦，二者轉(zhuǎn)速相同。當(dāng)車輛起步時(shí)，司機(jī)踩下離合器，離合器踏板的運(yùn)動(dòng)拉動(dòng)壓盤向后靠，也就是壓盤與摩擦片分離，此時(shí)壓盤與飛輪完全不接觸，也就不存在相對(duì)摩擦。 最后一種，也就是離合器的半連動(dòng)狀態(tài)。此時(shí)，壓盤與摩擦片的摩擦力小于全連動(dòng)狀態(tài)。離合器壓盤與飛輪上的摩擦片之間是滑動(dòng)摩擦狀態(tài)。飛輪的轉(zhuǎn)速大于輸出軸的轉(zhuǎn)速，從飛輪傳輸出來(lái)的動(dòng)力部分傳遞給變速箱。此時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與驅(qū)動(dòng)輪之間相當(dāng)于一種軟連接狀態(tài)。 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，離合器是在車輛起步和換擋的時(shí)候發(fā)揮作用，此時(shí)變速箱的一軸和二軸之間存在轉(zhuǎn)速差，必須將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力與一軸切開(kāi)以后，同步器才能很好的將一軸的轉(zhuǎn)速保持與二軸同步，擋位掛進(jìn)以后，再通過(guò)離合器將一軸與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力結(jié)合，使動(dòng)力繼續(xù)得以傳輸。在離合器中，還有一個(gè)不可或缺的緩沖裝置，它由兩個(gè)類似于飛輪的圓盤對(duì)在一起，在圓盤上打有矩形凹槽，在凹槽內(nèi)布置彈簧，在遇到激烈的沖擊時(shí)，兩個(gè)圓盤之間的彈簧相互發(fā)生彈性作用，緩沖外界刺激。有效的保護(hù)了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和離合器。在離合器的各個(gè)配件中，壓盤彈簧的強(qiáng)度，摩擦片的摩擦系數(shù)，離合器直徑，摩擦片位置以及離合器數(shù)目就是決定離合器性能的關(guān)鍵因素，彈簧的剛度越大，摩擦片的摩擦系數(shù)越高，離合器的直徑越大，離合器性能也就越好。 4