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,必修1Unit1—Unit5,Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero,,1．________(n.)質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．________(adj.)吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的3．________(adj.)慷慨的；大方的4．________(vt.)建立；建設5．________(vi.)逃脫；逃走；泄露6．________(n.)意見；看法；主張7．________(n.)法則；原則；原理8．________(n.)親屬；親戚9．________(vt.)進攻；攻擊；抨擊,重點單詞,qualitymeangenerousfoundescapeopinionprinciplerelativeattack,10．________(adj.)積極的；活躍的→________(adv.)積極地→________(n.)活動11．________(adj.)自私的→________(adj.)無私的；忘我的12．________(vt.)獻身；專心于→________(adj.)忠實的；深愛的13．________(adj.)懷有希望的；有希望的→________(n.)希望；愿望14．________(adj.)樂意的；自愿的→__________(adj.)不自愿的；不樂意的15．________(vt.)教育；訓練→________(adj.)受過教育的,active,actively,activity,selfish,selfless,devote,devoted,hopeful,hope,willing,unwilling,educate,educated,16．________(adj.)和平的；平靜的；安寧的→__________(adv.)和平地→________(n.)和平；平靜；和睦17．________(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→________(adj.)非法的，違法的18．________(n.)暴力；暴行→________(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的19．________(adj.)相等的；平等的→________(n.)平等；相等→________(adv.)同樣地；相等地；公平地20．________(n.)報酬；獎金(vt.)酬勞；獎賞→__________(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回報的,peaceful,peacefully,peace,legal,illegal,violence,violent,equal,equality,equally,reward,rewarding,1．________________失業(yè)2．________________事實上3．________________使充氣；爆炸4．______________在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5．________________求助于；致力于6．________________喪失勇氣或信心7．________________當權；上臺8．________________設立；建立9．________________被判處……(徒刑)10．________________愿意干某事,重點短語,outofworkasamatteroffactblowupintroubleturntoloseheartcometopowersetupbesentencedtobewillingtodo,1．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。[解讀]where引導定語從句修飾stage。[仿寫]媒體常常有助于解決問題，吸引注意于需要幫助的境況。Themediacanoftenhelpsolveproblemsanddrawattentiontosituations____________________________.,經(jīng)典句型,答案：wherehelpisneeded,2．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。[解讀]only修飾狀語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。[仿寫]只有在他們討論這個問題好幾個小時之后他們才作出決定。Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhours______________________.,答案：didtheyreachadecision,3．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。[解讀]thefirsttime引導時間狀語從句。[仿寫]我第一次見到她時認為她善良誠實。Ithoughtherkindandhonest______________________.,答案：thefirsttimeImether,1．qualityn.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)[教材原句]Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?那么偉人有哪些品質(zhì)呢？,板塊一：核心單詞,(1)ofgood/highquality質(zhì)量好ofpoorquality質(zhì)量差inquality在質(zhì)量上(2)quantityn．數(shù)量,[見證2014]Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.人們普遍認為應該通過綜合素質(zhì)來評價學生。(2014福建卷)①Modestyisoneofhisgoodqualities.謙虛是他的美德之一。②Weprovidegoodsandservices______________.我們提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品和服務。③Weareinneedofmilk______________.我們需要高品質(zhì)的牛奶。,④Hehas______________ofasuccessfulbusinessman.他具備了一個成功商人應具有的所有品質(zhì)。⑤________oftenmattersmorethan________.質(zhì)量往往比數(shù)量更重要。,答案：②ofhighquality③ofhighquality④allthequalities⑤Quality；quantity,2．meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的[教材原句]mean自私的,(1)bemeanwith在某方面吝嗇bemeantosb.對某人刻薄(2)meanv.意味著；打算meantodo打算做……；有意做……meandoing意味著做……bemeantforsb.打算給某人的，為某人而做的(3)meansn．方法；途徑,①Dontbesomeantoyourlittlebrother!別對你弟弟那么刻?。、贖eisverymean________hismoney.他在金錢方面很吝嗇。③Iamterriblysorry.Ididntmean________(hurt)you.真對不起，我并非有意傷害你。④Missingthetrainmeans________(wait)foranotherhour.趕不上這列火車意味著要再等一小時。⑤____________________sayingthat?你那么說什么意思？,答案：②with③tohurt④waiting⑤Whatdoyoumeanby,3．devotevt.獻身；專心于[教材原句]Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.一個偉人是一個致力于幫助別人的人。,①devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.獻身于……；致力于……②devoteoneslife/time/money/energyto(doing)sth.把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于……③devotedadj.忠實的；深愛的④bedevotedto(doing)sth.專心于；奉獻于……⑤devotionn．關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠,[見證2014]Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork.除非你完全致力于你的工作，否則你將永遠不會成功。(2014湖南卷)①Shedevotesallhersparetimetodoingwhatshereallyenjoys.她將所有的業(yè)余時間都用在做她真正喜歡的事情上。②Theecologist______________tohisresearchwork.這位生態(tài)學家全心傾注于他的研究工作。,③________tothestudyofscience，shehadlittletimetotakecareofherchildren.她獻身于科學研究，幾乎沒有時間照看自己的孩子。④Her________tohercareerleftherwithlittletimetotakecareofherfamily.她全身心投入工作，幾乎沒有時間來照顧家人。,答案：②devotedhimself③Devoted④devotion,[填一填]根據(jù)提示寫出下面帶介詞to的動詞短語①________________注意②________________習慣于③________________堅持④________________開始著手(做某事)⑤________________反對⑥________________適應,答案：①payattentionto②getused/accustomedto③stickto④getdownto⑤objectto⑥adapt(oneself)to,4．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票[教材原句]Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.當時黑人沒有選舉權，他們無權選擇他們的領導人。,①votefor/against投票贊成/反對②voteon投票表決③votetodosth.表決做某事,①Imayvoteforheratthenextelection.下屆選舉我可能選她。②Iappealtoyoutovote________him.我想請你投他的反對票。③Wearegoingtovote________theplan.我們打算就這一提案進行表決。,答案：②against/for③on,5．equaladj.相等的；平等的vt.與……相等或相同；比得上[教材原句]ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我樂于幫忙，因為我知道，這能幫助我們實現(xiàn)我們的黑人與白人平等的夢想。,(1)beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/勝任做某事ofequalimportance同等重要的(2)AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵(3)withoutequal無與倫比(4)equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地,[見證2014]Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal，thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.如果憲法說所有的人都是自由平等的，那么她認為這也應該適用于她。(2014山東卷閱讀理解C)①Nooneequalshiminstrength.論力氣，無人能和他相比。②Chinacallsforpromoting________，mutualtrustandmutuallybeneficialcooperationininternationalrelations.中國主張在國際關系中弘揚平等互信，合作共贏的精神。,③Heisamanwholacksexperienceanddetermination，andIthinkheisnot________thejob.他是一個缺乏經(jīng)驗和意志薄弱的人，所以我認為他不能勝任這份工作。④Anyone，whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver，shouldbe________respected.任何人，不管是官員還是公交車司機，都應該平等地受到尊敬。,答案：②equality③equalto④equally,6．escapev．&n.逃脫；逃生；泄露[教材原句]Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是個無人逃跑過的監(jiān)獄。,(1)escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事escapefrom從……逃脫；逃避escapeonesattention/notice逃過某人的注意sth.escapessb.被忘記，記不起(2)anarrowescape九死一生；死里逃生,[見證2014]Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.我們跑著躲避，不過幸好沒有人受傷。(2014陜西卷短文改錯)①Thereisnowaytoescapedoingthework.沒辦法不干這份工作。②Twoprisonershaveescaped________theprison.兩名犯人從監(jiān)獄逃走了。③Henarrowlyescaped________________(kill)．他險些喪命。,④Believeitornot，Ihada______________.信不信由你，我死里逃生。⑤Hisname______________.我記不起他的名字了。,答案：②from③beingkilled④narrowescape⑤escapesme,7．begvi.請求；乞求[教材原句]Allthattimemywifeandchildrenhadtobegforfoodandhelpfromrelativesorfriends.在此期間，我的妻兒只得從親戚朋友處討飯吃，并乞求幫助。,(1)begfor乞求得到；請求得到beg(sb.)todosth.乞求(某人)做某事begsth.of/fromsb.＝begsb.forsth.向某人要(求)某物begonespardon沒有聽清，請求別人再重復一次的意思，此時多用升調(diào)(2)beggarn.乞丐,①Theystandbytheroadbeggingformoney.他們站在路邊討錢。②Theybeggedhim________help.他們向他求援。③Thechildbegged________(go)withhismother.那孩子懇求和他媽媽一起去。,答案：②for③togo,8．rewardn.報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞[教材原句]TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.他們說來自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是對我一生為黑人的平等權利而奮斗的回報。,(1)asarewardfor作為(對某事的)報酬/獎賞inreward(for...)作為(……的)報答；作為(……的)獎勵offersb.arewardforsth.為某事而給某人報酬(2)rewardsb.for...為……酬謝某人rewardsb.withsth.用……酬謝某人,[見證2014]Thepolicewillrewardwhoeverprovidesusefulinformationtocatchtherobber.任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將予以獎勵。(2014湖北卷)①Hewasgivenamedal________arewardforhisbravery.他因表現(xiàn)勇敢而被授予了一枚獎章。②They________theboy________￡5________bringingbackthelostdog.他們給了那個男孩五英鎊，酬謝他把走失的狗送回來。,答案：①as②rewarded；with；for,[比較辨析],[填一填]MoYanwas________theNobelPrizeforLiterature.Inhissparetime，hehasalwaysbeenreadytohelpyoungwriters.Howcanwe________hiskindness?,答案：awarded；reward,9．outofwork失業(yè)(＝outofajob)[教材原句]...andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.……而且我擔心是否我會失業(yè)。,板塊二：短語和句型,①outofcontrol失控②outofrepair失修③outoforder有毛病，出故障④outofdate過時⑤outofdanger脫險⑥outofplace不適當⑦outofmind心不在焉,①Hemustfacetherealityofbeingoutofwork.他必須正視失業(yè)這一現(xiàn)實。②Thephoneatthestreetcornerisoutof________again.街角的電話又壞了。③Heaffectedfashionsslightlyoutof________.他愛穿稍有些過時的衣服。,答案：②order③date,10．introuble有麻煩；處于困難中[教材原句]EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.伊萊亞斯在有麻煩時去見納爾遜曼德拉。,,①Pleaseturntothepoliceforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.當你遇到困難時請向警察求助。②Ifyouplaywithdangerouschemicalslikethatyourejust______________.如果你這樣擺弄危險的化學品，你簡直是在自討苦吃。③Theytookgreattrouble________________(persuade)theirfathertolivewiththem.他們費了很大的勁才說服父親和他們住在一起。,答案：②askingfortrouble③topersuade,11．turnto求助于；翻到(書的某頁)；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向[教材原句]WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么納爾遜曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？,①turnin上交②turnaround/round轉(zhuǎn)身③turnaway拒絕；不準……入內(nèi)④turndown關??；拒絕⑤turnoff/on關掉/打開⑥turnover翻身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交⑦turnup出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大⑧turnout證明是；結(jié)果是,①Youcanturntoyourteacherforhelpifyouareintrouble.如果你有麻煩，你可以向你的老師求助。②Thosewhowanttogoareto______________theirapplicationsbeforeFriday.想去那的人們星期五之前上交他們的申請表。③It________hewastheGeneralManagerofthecompany.結(jié)果他是這家公司的總經(jīng)理。,④Theboywantedtojointhearmybutwas____________becausehewasunderage.那個男孩想?yún)④姡驗槟挲g不夠被拒絕了。⑤Twentypeoplewereexpected，butonlyten________________.原期望有20人，但只有10人到場。,答案：②turnin③turnedout④turneddown⑤turnedup,12．loseheart喪失信心,①loseoneshearttosb.愛上某人②heartandsoul全心全意③putonesheartinto一心撲在……上④learnsth.byheart背誦，牢記,①Shelostherhearttothehandsomeguy.她愛上了這個英俊的小伙子。②Hefailedmanytimes，buthe________.他失敗了很多次，但是他并沒有失去信心。③Heissuchapersonthathelikesdoingeverythingthathewantsto________(全心全意)．他是一個做任何他想做的事都要全心全意的人。④Theboylearnedthepoem________.這個男孩背下了這首詩。⑤Asamatteroffact，nothingistoodifficultifyou__________it.事實上，世上無難事，只怕有心人。,答案：②didnotloseheart③heartandsoul④byheart⑤putyourheartinto,13．setup建立；創(chuàng)立[教材原句]SetuplawofficetohelppoorblackpeopleinJohannesburg...成立律師事務所去幫助約翰內(nèi)斯堡貧窮的黑人……,,①TheVoiceofChinahassetupastagewheresomepeoplecanachievetheirdreams.《中國好聲音》搭建了一個舞臺，在這里一些人可以實現(xiàn)夢想。②Ishould__________whathappenedregularlydaybyday.我應按部就班地一天天接著寫下去。③He__________helpinghomelesswomenandchildrentoplacesofsafety.他著手幫助把無家可歸的婦女和兒童送到安全的地區(qū)。,答案：②setdown③setabout,14．Untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎沒有任何權利的階段。,wherewehavealmostnorightsatall是定語從句，修飾先行詞stage。當先行詞為stage，case，situation，position等抽象地點名詞，且定語從句中缺少狀語時，用where引導定語從句。,①Atthattimewehadreachedastagewherewehadmoreblackreadersthanwhiteones.那時候我們已到了黑人讀者比白人讀者還要多的階段。②Youcouldgetintoasituation________youhavetodecideimmediately.你可能遇上一種情況，使你不得不立刻作出決定。③Thebabyhasreachedthestage____________hecanstandup.這個嬰兒到了能站立的階段。④Wearenowinaposition____________wecanbeverysuccessfulthisyear.現(xiàn)在我們處于一個較好的境況中，今年可能會成功。,答案：②where③where④where,15．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,only放在句首修飾狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等)時，句子需要用部分倒裝。,①OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofhealth.到那時我才意識到健康的重要性。②Onlyinthisway________solvetheproblem.只有用這種方法你才能解決這個問題。③OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly____________howmuchIlovedthem.直到我離開父母去意大利我才意識到我有多么愛他們。,答案：②canyou③didIrealize,16．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。,,①Irecognizedherthemoment(that)Isawher.我一眼就認出了她。②______________Iinterviewedhim，helookedabitnervous.我第一次采訪他時，他看起來有點緊張。③Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedus______________hereturnedhome.他一回家就把欠我們的錢還上了。④____________Iseetheoldmaninthepark，heisabsorbedinreadingpapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時，他都在專注地讀報。,答案：②Thefirsttime③directly/instantly/immediately④Eachtime,[比較辨析],[填一填]Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacherslesson________________heattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclass__________________.,答案：thefirsttime；forthefirsttime,Ⅰ.填入合適的關系副詞1．Whatisthenameofthetown________westayedlastnight?2．Pleaseleavethebook________itwas.3．Thisisthereason________hecried.4．July，________wecangohomeforarest,iscomingsoon.5．Ishallneverforgetthedays________Ilivedinthecountrywithmyparents.,單元語法專練：關系副詞引導的定語從句,答案：1.where2.where3.why/forwhich4.when/inwhich5.when,Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子1．Ihavereachedastageinmylife____________________makedecisionsonmyown.(suppose)我已經(jīng)到了應該自己做出決定的人生階段。2．Onlywhenallofushelpthepeopleintheearthquakehitarea________________________.(return)只有當我們所有人都幫助地震災區(qū)的人們時，他們才能很快地恢復正常的生活。,答案：1.whereIamsupposedto2．willtheyreturntotheirnormallifequickly,3．Herson，________________________，wentabroadlastyear，leavingheraloneinthesmallvillage.(devoted)她非常疼愛的兒子去年去了國外，留下她一個人在小村子里。4．MrWhite________________________foranexaminationyesterdaybuthewastoobusytocome.(come)懷特先生昨天應該來醫(yī)院檢查，但是他太忙了沒有來。5．Hegavethechildrensomechocolate______________.(reward)他給孩子們一些巧克力來獎勵他們的良好表現(xiàn)。,答案：3．towhomsheissodevoted4．shouldhavecometothehospital5．torewardthemforbehavingwell/goodbehaviour,