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Book1Unit5,NelsonMandela—amodernhero,話題晨背積累寫作素材,自主排查夯實基礎(chǔ)知識,邊講邊練突破核心考點,在高考語境中提升解題技能,,,,話題詞匯,話題晨背積累寫作素材,1.achievementn.成就；成績；功績2.ambitiousadj.有雄心壯志的3.backgroundn.背景4.characteristicadj.典型的；獨(dú)特的5.contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)6.outgoingadj.愛交際的；外向的,7.outstandingadj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的8.begiftedat對……有天賦9.beenthusiasticabout對……熱心10.makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事,經(jīng)典語篇,為了紀(jì)念特蕾莎修女，某英文報社組織了一次作文比賽，請你根據(jù)以下要點，以“LifeofMotherTeresa”為題，寫一篇100詞左右的介紹特蕾莎修女的文章參賽。1.1910年生于南斯拉夫，20歲時去了印度當(dāng)老師；1946年離開學(xué)校當(dāng)了一名護(hù)士；2.她心地善良，在印度幫助窮人、病人、無家可歸的人等；3.建學(xué)校和醫(yī)院，到各地演講，呼吁人們關(guān)心窮人；4.1979年獲得諾貝爾和平獎。,佳作欣賞,LifeofMotherTeresaMotherTeresaisoneofthegreatestwomenintheworld.ShewasborninYugoslaviain1910.Attheageof20，shewenttoIndia.Thereshefirstworkedasateacher.①However，in1946MotherTeresalefttheschoolandafterthat，shewastrainedtobecomeanurse.②Shewassokindthatshebeganhelpingthepoor，thesickandthehomelessinIndia.Besides，MotherTeresaopenedmanyschoolsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.Whileshewastraveling，shecalledonpeopletohelpthoseintrouble.③In1979，shewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizefortheloveandtheserviceshehadgiventounfortunatepeople.,思維發(fā)散,1.將第①句改為復(fù)合句2.將第②句改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句3.將第③句改為省略句,Attheageof20，shewenttoIndia，whereshefirstworkedasateacher.,However，in1946MotherTeresalefttheschool，afterwhichshewas,trainedtobecomeanurse.,Whiletraveling，shecalledonpeopletohelpthoseintrouble.,,答案,返回,,自主排查夯實基礎(chǔ)知識,A.寫作單詞1.(n.)品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；性質(zhì)2.(adj.)積極的；活躍的3.(vt.&vi.)投票；選舉(n.)投票；選票；表決4.(vt.)進(jìn)攻；抨擊；攻擊5.(adj.)相等的；平等的,quality,active,vote,attack,equal,,答案,重點單詞,6.(adj.)樂意的；自愿的7.(adj.)有希望的8.(vi.&vt.)逃脫；逃走；泄露9.(vi.)請求；乞求10.(n.)報酬；獎金(vt.)酬勞；獎賞11.(n.)意見；看法；主張,willing,hopeful,escape,beg,reward,opinion,,答案,12.(vt.)獻(xiàn)身；專心于(adj.)忠實的；深愛的13.(adj.)和平的；平靜的；安寧的(n.)和平14.(adj.)法律的；依照法律的(adj.)非法的15.(vt.)教育；訓(xùn)練(adj.)受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的,peace,legal,illegal,educate,educated,peaceful,devote,devoted,,答案,B.閱讀單詞16.mean(adj.)17.generous(adj.)18.principle(n.)19.league(n.)20.youth(n.)21.fee(n.)22.guidance(n.)23.lawyer(n.)24.republic(n.),吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的,慷慨的；大方的,法則；原則；原理,同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會,青年；青年時期,費(fèi)；酬金,指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo),律師,共和國；共和政體,,,答案,25.found(vt.)26.relative(n.)27.terror(n.)28.cruelty(n.)29.sentence(vt.)30.president(n.)31.blanket(n.)32.unfair(adj.),建立；建設(shè),親戚；親屬,恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時期；恐怖活動,殘忍；殘酷,判決；宣判,總統(tǒng)；會長；校長；行長,毯子；毛毯,不公平的；不公正的,,答案,33.self(n.)selfish(adj.)selfless(adj.)selflessly(adv.)34.violence(n.)violent(adj.),自私的,無私的；忘我的,無私地；忘我地,暴力；暴行,暴力的；猛烈的,,,,自我；自身,,答案,1.失業(yè)2.事實上3.使充氣；爆炸4.在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5.求助于；致力于6.喪失勇氣或信心,outofwork,asamatteroffact/infact,blowup,introuble,turnto,loseheart,,答案,重點短語,7.上臺；當(dāng)權(quán)8.設(shè)立，建立；搭起9.被判處……(徒刑)10.在某人看來,cometopower,setup,besentencedto,inone’sopinion,,答案,1.However，thiswasatimetoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那個時候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。2.thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。,whenonehadgottohaveapassbook,Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen,經(jīng)典句式,,答案,3....wewereputintoapositionwewerelessimportant，orfightthegovernment.……我們被置于這樣一種境地：要么被迫承認(rèn)我們低人一等，要么與政府作斗爭。4....onlythenwithviolence.……只有到那個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。5.Ifeltbad.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時，我感覺很糟。,inwhichwehadeithertoaccept,didwedecidetoanswerviolence,thefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup,,答案,Elias，apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica，saidthatthetime1.hefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952，hewenttoseeMandela，ablacklawyer，foradvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime，for2.Eliaswasverygrateful.Hebeganschoolatsix，buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3.hisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.4.aresult，hehadverylittleeducation.After5.(try)hard，hegotajobinagoldmine.However，toliveinJohannesburg，onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingonebecausehewasnotbornthere，heworriedabout6.hewouldbecomeoutofwork.,when,which,because,As,trying,whether,課文語法填空,,答案,ThenMandelahelpedhim，tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7.(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8.(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit，theblacksweresobadlytreatedthattheyhadreachedastage9.theyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963，hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonlybyansweringviolence10.violencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.,tostay,organized,where,with,,答案,返回,,邊講邊練突破核心考點,devotev.獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心于；把……用于(givemostof...to),1.,(1)devote...to...把……致力于……，專心于……(2)devotedadj.忠實的bedevotedto致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；熱愛……(3)devotionn.奉獻(xiàn)；關(guān)照,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)過去分詞作定語、狀語的考查,(1)Herlifewasdevotedtocaringforthesickandneedy.她一生都致力于關(guān)心照顧貧病交迫的人。(2)Alannahasalwaysshownintensedevotiontoherchildren.阿蘭娜一直深愛著她的孩子們。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)用devote的正確形式填空①Heishighlythoughtofbecauseofhistoduty.②Hislifeisonetothepeople.(2)同義句改寫Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.①(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)②(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫),devotion,devoted,Devotinghimselftocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythe,peoplearound.,Devotedtocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.,,答案,equaladj.相同的，相等的(thesamein...)；平等的；相當(dāng)?shù)?；能勝任?fit；capable)；n.同等的人；相等物；v.與……相等，等于(bethesamein...)；比得上；抵得過(beasgoodas...),2.,(1)beequalin在……方面比得上beequaltosth./doingsth.等于……；與……相等；勝任……onequalterms在對等的條件下(2)withoutequal/havenoequal無與倫比,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)equally寫作關(guān)聯(lián)詞,(1)Theamountofradiationwasequaltousingamobilephonefortwohalf-hourperiodsperday.輻射量相當(dāng)于每天使用兩次、每次半小時的手機(jī)所接受的輻射。(2)Heisaplayerwithoutequal.他是個無與倫比的運(yùn)動員。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)單句語法填空①HeisequalTomability.②Thetwocountrieshadaconversationequalterms.(2)一句多譯他能勝任這項工作。①(equal)②(up)③(fit)④(qualified),to,in,on,Heisequaltothejob.,Heisuptothejob.,Heisfitforthejob.,Heisqualifiedtodo/fordoingthejob.,,答案,escapev.逃脫；逃走；逃避；被遺忘；泄漏；n.逃脫,3.,(1)escapefrom從……逃脫；逃避escapedoing/beingdone逃避(被)做某事escapedeath死里逃生(2)anarrowescape九死一生,,(1)Heescapedfromtheenemy’sprison.他從敵人的監(jiān)獄逃了出來。(2)Mikeoftenattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.無論什么時候違反交通規(guī)則，邁克總是設(shè)法逃避罰款。(3)Hehadanarrowescape.他九死一生。,,特別提醒,特別提醒注意下面兩個短語的區(qū)別：escapefromprison越獄escapeprison逃過牢獄之災(zāi),(1)寫出下列句子中escape的漢語意思①I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.②Howwillweknowifthere’sanygasescaping？③Thecinemaallowedpeopletoescapefromthedepressingrealitiesoftheirlives.④Threepeoplediedinthefire，butJohnescapedthroughthebedroomwindow.,多維訓(xùn)練,被遺忘；被忽略,流出；泄漏,逃避(現(xiàn)實),逃脫,,答案,(2)同義句改寫Youareluckytoescapepunishment.Youareluckytoescape.,being,punished,,答案,rewardv.酬謝；獎勵，獎賞；n.獎金；回報；報酬,4.,(1)inrewardfor為獎賞……；為報答……asarewardfor作為對……的獎賞/回報(2)rewardsb.forsth.因某事而獎賞/酬謝某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物回報某人,,(1)Asarewardforhisbravery，thesoldierwasgivenamedal.為獎勵他的勇敢，這個士兵被授予一枚獎?wù)隆?2)Herewardeduswithalotofmoneyforhelpinghim.對于我們的幫助他大加酬謝。,詞義辨析reward，award(1)reward報酬，獎金或一些非金錢類的報酬，多指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服?wù)、幫助而給予的報酬或獎賞，常用搭配：rewardsb.for(doing)sth.。(2)award獎品，獎金，與prize用法相同，意為“授予，頒發(fā)”，常用搭配：awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.。,,(1)用reward，award的正確形式填空MoYanwastheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Inhissparetime，hehasalwaysbeenreadytohelpyoungwriters.Howcanwehiskindness?(2)一句多譯我送給他一本書來答謝他的幫助。①(rewardn.)②(rewardv.),多維訓(xùn)練,awarded,reward,Igavehimabookinrewardfor/asarewardforhishelp.,Irewardedhimwithabookforhishelp.,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點,turnto轉(zhuǎn)身；求助于；致力于；翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向,5.,(1)turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turnout結(jié)果是；證明是；(為看熱鬧)蜂擁而至(2)taketurnstodo.../indoing...輪流做……inturn依次；逐個；相應(yīng)地byturns輪流地；交替地,,應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)turn短語語境詞義辨析,(1)Whenintrouble，youshouldturntoyourparentsforhelp.有麻煩的時候，你應(yīng)該向父母求助。(2)Theytaketurnstolookaftertheirsickfatherinthehospital.他們輪流照顧生病住院的父親。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)寫出下列句子中turnto的漢語意思①HewastheoneIalwaysturnedtoforstrengthandsecurity.②Ifyouturntopage40，youwillfindit.③Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.④Sheturnedtomeandtoldmenottolosefaith.,求助于,翻到,從事于；致力于,轉(zhuǎn)向,,答案,(2)用上述短語的正確形式填空①Theweatherwasmildandrainythroughouttheweek.②Thousandsofpeopletowatchyesterday’smatchagainstIreland.③Weareatyourservice.Don’thesitatetousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.④Heaskedeachofustodescribehowalcoholhadaffectedourlives.,byturns,turnedout,turnto,inturn,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點,votev.投票，選舉，表決；建議；n.選票；投票；表決,6.,多維訓(xùn)練,單句語法填空(1)He(vote)themostpromisingnewdirector.(2)Ifwecan’tagree，we’llhavetovoteit.(3)Fearingthatmostofthecitizensvotedhim，heworeasmile.(4)Amajorityofstaffvoted(accept)theofferofan8%payrise.(5)Let’sputitthevote.Allthoseinfavorraiseyourhands.,wasvoted,on,against,toaccept,to,,答案,opinionn.意見；見解；信念；看法；主張,7.,多維訓(xùn)練,一句多譯在他看來，這是一本好書。(1)(opinion)(2)(according)(3)(concerned)(4)(judgement)(5)(view),Inhisopinion，thisisagoodbook.,Accordingtohim，thisisagoodbook.,Asfarasheisconcerned，thisisagoodbook.,Inhisjudgement，thisisagoodbook.,Inhis(pointof)view，thisisagoodbook.,,答案,loseheart灰心；泄氣；喪失信心(loseconfidence),8.,多維訓(xùn)練,短語填空,(1)IfoundI’veyou.(2)Mygrandfatherbecamefiercewhenhe.(3)We’vekeptwaitingforalmostanhour.I’mbeginningto.(4)Whenyoufail，youshouldnever.,lostmyheartto,losthistemper,losemypatience,loseheart,,答案,邊講邊練突破核心考點,HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個登上月球的人。,9.,邊講邊練突破核心考點,(1)動詞不定式可以用來修飾人和物，一般置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，即作后置定語。(2)當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或最高級及theonly，thevery修飾時，常用不定式作定語。(3)tocome將來的；tospare剩余的。這兩個短語常放在時間名詞后面作后置定語。(4)修飾某些抽象名詞的不定式，有時可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語。(5)作定語的動詞如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。,,句型公式：不定式作定語,(1)Heistheonlyonetosurvivetheaccident.他是這次事故中唯一的幸存者。(2)Icaughtthebuswithonlyafewsecondstospare.我在離開車只剩數(shù)秒時趕上了公交車。,多維訓(xùn)練,(1)單句語法填空①Thecaptainisthelast(leave)theship.②Wouldyoulikesomething(drink)?③Volunteeringgivesyouachance(change)lives，includingyourown.(2)單句改錯TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolive.,toleave,todrink,tochange,live后加in,,答案,...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……直到那時，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,10.,“only＋副詞、介詞短語、從句”放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝形式。,,句型公式：only...,(1)Onlybysayingpolitewordscanyougetonwellwithothers.只有說話禮貌你才能和其他人相處得好。(2014江西)(2)Onlywhenhereturnedfromworkdidweknowthetruth.只有當(dāng)他下班回來后，我們才知道真相。,,特別提醒,特別提醒(1)only＋從句放在句首時，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only修飾主語時不倒裝。,(1)完成句子①只有用上你全部的時間和精力，你才能把這項工作做好。dothisjobwell.②只有以這種方式我們才能學(xué)好英語。learnEnglishwell.(2)單句改錯Onlywhenwehadstudiedthedataagainwerealizethattherewasamistake.,多維訓(xùn)練,Onlywithallyourtimeandenergycanyou,Onlyinthiswaycanwe,第二個we前加did,,答案,IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時，我感覺很糟。,11.,thefirsttime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。類似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。,,句型公式：...thefirsttime...,(1)Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedusimmediatelyhereturnedhome.他一回到家就把欠我們的錢還上了。(2)EverytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark，heisabsorbedinreadingpapers.每次在公園里看到這位老人時，他都在專注地看報。,,特別提醒,特別提醒forthefirsttime在句中只能作狀語，不具有連詞功能，不能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。,(1)同義句改寫IfellinlovewithyouthemomentIsawyou.①(用assoonas改寫)②(用以-ly結(jié)尾的連詞改寫)(2)單句改錯Naturally，youwerenervouswhenyouwentontheplatformthefirsttime.,多維訓(xùn)練,IfellinlovewithyouassoonasIsawyou.,Ifellinlovewithyouimmediately/directly/instantlyIsawyou.,platform后加for,,,答案,返回,,在高考語境中提升解題技能,語境填詞,1.Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves，(攻擊)inlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.(2015安徽)2.Popularsciencebooksexplainbasic(原理)ofnatureinasimpleandinterestingway.(2015天津),attacking,principles,,答案,3.Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesofthe(受過教育的)againstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014江蘇)4.Sheherselflivedasimpleorratherpoorlifebutshewasso(慷慨的)tothepeopleinneedofhelp.(2014廣東)5.Therewillalsobetop(質(zhì)量)restaurants，apartmentsandoffices.(2014湖北),educated,generous,quality,,,答案,單句語法填空,1.Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyoufully(devote)toyourwork.(2014湖南)2.Practisetheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.(2014湖南)3.Forfivedays，Edmonton’sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestageartistsareabletosharetheirtalents.(2011福建)4.myopinion，thosewhohavereceivedherdonationwillbeencouragedtostudyevenharderandtrytheirbesttoachievesuccess.(2014廣東),devoted,are,under,where,In,,答案,5.ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK25,000and(sentence)toupto3yearsinprison.(2011福建)6.(hope)thatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(2014新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)7.Menandwomenmustbetreated(equal)ineducationandemployment.(2014陜西)8.Inourclassthereare46students，ofhalfwearglasses.(2012四川)9.Salesdirectorisapositioncommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.(2012重慶),besentenced,Hopefully,equally,whom,where,,答案,10.ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromoting(peace)cooperationamongcountries.(2014江西),peaceful,,答案,短語填空,1.ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeone.(2015湖南)2.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter，youcanatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.(2015全國Ⅱ)3.There’snoreasontobedisappointed.，thiscouldberatheramusing.(2014浙江),introuble,setup,Asamatteroffact,,答案,4.Howcouldyouturndownsuchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenformonths？(2014浙江)5.Hedidn’t，andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.(2011重慶)6.However，whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence，Imyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.(2011安徽),outofwork,loseheart,turnto,,答案,完成句子,1.直到跟兩個學(xué)生談了話以后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，有強(qiáng)烈的動機(jī)是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最重要的因素之一。Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.(2015湖南)2.第一次看到SuzyKhan，我就知道我得幫她。SuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.(2014北京)3.這就是為什么許多成功人士建議你去做喜歡的事情的一個很大的原因。manysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.(2013廣東),didIdiscover,ThefirsttimeIsaw,Thisisabigreasonwhy,,答案,4.我真的想采訪他，因為他不僅是第一個去太空的中國人，而且他也是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。Iwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlybutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.(2015安徽)5.她帶來了她的三個朋友，我以前一個也沒見過。Shebroughtwithherthreefriends，.(2009全國Ⅰ),thefirstChinese,togotospace,noneofwhomIhadevermet,before,,答案,1.作為律師，我熱愛我的工作。2.我相信法律面前人人平等。3.在大家處于困境時，我樂意不計報酬為大家提供幫助。4.事實上，很多人就法律問題向我求助。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請使用when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。,寫作素材(關(guān)于人物介紹),,微寫作,連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文),Asalawyer，IamdevotedtomyjobandIbelieveallpeople,areequalbeforethelaw.I’mwillingtogiveahandwithoutrewards,whenpeopleareintrouble.Asamatteroffact,alotofpeople,turntomeforlegaladvice.,,答案,返回,