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1、Unit1Talesoftheunexplained,走進(jìn)高考文化品格滲透,ElNio，aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild，”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern，whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears，reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNioseeswarmwater，collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific，flowbackeas

2、twardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken，orsometimestheotherwayround.,Theweathereffects，bothgoodandbad，arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNios，onbalance，thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNioin1997-98helpedAmerica’seconomygrowby15billion，partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharve

3、sts：farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(干旱)insouth-eastBrazilisbeingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNiomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia，theyarelikelyto

4、causesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.,ThemostrecentpowerfulNio，in1997-98，killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNiosewithmonthsofwarning，andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI)，however，just12%ofd

5、isaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance，ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.,Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道)makeitlesslikel

6、ythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors，civilconflictisrelatedtoElNio’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry，thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipm

7、aynotbecausal，helpingdividedmunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNio，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.,61.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNioinParagraph1?A.I

8、tisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ElNioseeswarmwater，collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific，flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnorma

9、llyblowwestwardsweaken，orsometimestheotherwayround.”可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生時(shí)會(huì)有洋流的變化。,答案,解析,√,61,62,63,64,62.WhatmayElNiosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbeemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdr

10、oughtseconomically.,解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNios，onbalance，thantheylose.”可知，富裕國(guó)家因厄爾尼諾得到的東西要比它們失去的多。,答案,解析,√,61,62,63,64,63.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat.A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNiodeservemorepe

11、nsationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldefirst,解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句中的“...however，just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance...”可知，以往政府對(duì)減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的投入太少，應(yīng)該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。,答案,解析,√,61,62,63,64,64.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNioanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNio.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNio.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNio.,答案,解析,√,解析寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中的“helpingdividedmunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetherisk...”可判斷出，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是呼吁人們?yōu)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好準(zhǔn)備。,61,62,63,64,