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1、定語從句十大典型錯(cuò)誤例析 [錯(cuò)例展示] 1. I am sorry I have lost the book you lent it to me last week. 2. Mary is the only one of us who have been to the Great Wall. 3. Is this museum that you paid a visit to a few days ago? 4. Please show me the book which cover is red. 5. Don’t worry. I will do all what I can

2、to help you out. 6. It is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world. 7. I will never forget the day when we spent together in No. 1 Middle School. 8. My glasses, without them I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke. 9. The weather turned out to be very good, tha

3、t was more than we had expected. 10. It was in this factory where my father had worked for more than 20 years. [指點(diǎn)迷津] 1. 去掉it。定語從句you lent to me last week前省略了關(guān)系代詞that / which, that / which在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，it與關(guān)系代詞重復(fù)，應(yīng)去掉。 2. have → has。關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，定語從句中的謂語動詞要與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例句中關(guān)系代詞who指代的是先行詞the only one of

4、us，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 3. 在that前加the one或者museum前加the。解這類題時(shí)，不妨先將疑問語序改為陳述語序。this museum是主句的主語，故應(yīng)添加the one作主句的表語，同時(shí)也充當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞。當(dāng)然，如果this單獨(dú)作主語，那么在museum前加the，即the museum作了主句的表語，同時(shí)充當(dāng)了先行詞。 4. which → whose。whose作定語限定cover，whose cover在定語從句中作主語。注意：whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以是人，還可以是物。 5. what → that或?qū)hat刪除。that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先

5、行詞all，that在從句中作賓語也可省略。注意：what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。當(dāng)然，也可以將例句中的all刪除，這樣，what I can就成了賓語從句。 6. It → As或?qū)⒍禾柛臑閠hat。關(guān)系代詞as作“這一點(diǎn)”解，指代后面整個(gè)句子，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并且在從句中作主語。也可以將逗號改為that，這樣，it就成了形式主語，而that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。 7. when → that / which或?qū)hen刪除。that / which引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作spent的賓語，也可省略。 8. them → which。犯這類錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是沒有弄清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)

6、合句，在兩個(gè)逗號中間的是“介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。 9. that → which。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 10. where → that。犯這類錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是把強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句混為一談了。該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語in this factory。 [即學(xué)即練] 找出下列各句中的錯(cuò)誤，并改正。 1. I’ll tell you all what I know about the accident. 2. Is this book that you have read three times? 3. It was not until 11

7、:30 when he got home last night. 4. He was late for class again, and which made the teacher very angry. 5. At the meeting he came up with a good plan, which we all agreed to accept it. 6. Anyone who want to go to the film tonight writes down your name here. 7. I have many friends, of them some a

8、re businessmen. 8. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house which roof is under repair. Key: 1. 去掉all或去掉what或what → that 2. book前加the或that前加the one 3. when → that 4. which → this或去掉and 5. 去掉it 6. want → wants 7. them → whom 8. which → whose 名詞性從句翻譯答案 1. 關(guān)鍵的是

9、你有沒有盡力去完成這個(gè)任務(wù)。 What matters is whether you have tried to finish the task. 2 令我驚異的是通過努力有這么多人打破了世界紀(jì)錄。 What makes me surprised is that so many people broke the world record with efforts 3.令我高興的是我一直夢想的學(xué)校，復(fù)旦大學(xué)錄取了我。 What makes me happy is that I was admitted to Fudan University, which I dreamed of.

10、 4. 他曾經(jīng)來過中國使所有在場的人都激動不已。 That he once came to China made all the people present very excited. 5. 他是否搶劫了銀行有待于進(jìn)一步調(diào)查。 Whether he robbed the bank remains to be investigated further. 6. 明天會不會舉行運(yùn)動會取決于明天的天氣如何。 Whether the sports meeting will be held tomorrow depends on what the weather is like. 7. 他沒

11、有準(zhǔn)時(shí)出席會議的原因是他遇到交通堵塞了。 The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting was that he had been caught in a traffic jam. 8. 我媽媽傷心的原因是丟了一個(gè)包，這個(gè)包里裝了很多重要文件。 The reason why my mother was sad was that she lost a bag, containing many important files. 9. 他在會議上解釋的這次事故的原因是有人玩忽職守。 The reason he explained at the mee

12、ting was that someone neglected his duty. 10. 這就是他如何處理這件事的，這使我很擔(dān)心。 That is how he deals with it, which made me worried. 11. 醫(yī)生慢慢意識到了醫(yī)院的環(huán)境對病情恢復(fù)是很重要的。 Doctors gradually realized that the environment in the hospital is important to the recovery of diseases. 12. 他感到藝術(shù)家在現(xiàn)代社會中失去了地位和藝術(shù)應(yīng)該為更多的觀眾所喜歡。 He

13、 felt that artists had lost his place in modern society and that art should be enjoyed by a larger audience. 13. 作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該對老師所說的多加注意而且好好利用我們所有的一切。 As students, we should pay more attention to what teachers said and make full use of what we have. 14. 我們是否開始試驗(yàn)取決于我們是否獲得足夠的錢。 Whether we begin the ex

14、periment depends on whether we have enough money. 15. 困難在于這個(gè)事實(shí)，國與國對人口增長的態(tài)度不同。 The difficulty lies in the fact that attitudes towards the population growth vary from country to country. 16. 請把獎品給先來的人。 Please give the prize to whoever comes first. 17. 孩子長大后，要鼓勵(lì)他們做力所能及的家務(wù)。 When children grow up,

15、they should be encouraged to do whatever housework they can do. 18. 越來越多的大學(xué)生面臨著這樣一個(gè)事實(shí),:找一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。(face) More and more college students are faced with the fact that it is very hard to find a suitable job. 19. 他近視眼的原因是連續(xù)四五個(gè)小時(shí)不停地看書。 The reason why he became short-sighted was that he often kept r

16、eading books for 4 to 5 hours. 20. 毫無疑問政府會采取措施來阻止疾病的蔓延。（doubt） There is no doubt that the government will take measures to prevent the disease form spreading. 21. 會議是否會如期舉行還沒有被最后決定。（decide） Whether the meeting will be held as planned hasn't been decided yet. 22. 她遲到的原因是要照顧她生病的妹妹。（take care of）

17、 The reason why she was late was that she had to take care of her sick sister. 23. 中國參加了世貿(mào)組織不僅詩歌巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，而且是個(gè)很好的機(jī)遇。（not only …but also） That China joined WTO is not only a great challenge but also a good opportunity. 24. 據(jù)報(bào)道， 到目前為止，已經(jīng)有91個(gè)孩子在洪水中失去了生命。（It） It is reported that so far 91 children have

18、died in the flood. 25. 人類不得不接受這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，：由于溫室效應(yīng)， 全球氣候正在變暖。（because of） Human beings have to accept the fact that because of the green house effect, the climate over the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. 26. 金屬為什么能導(dǎo)電是個(gè)有趣的問題。（conduct） Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem.

19、27. 這一理論最初是什么時(shí)候形成的，現(xiàn)在還不知道。（form） When this theory was originally formed is not known. 28. 人類不可能受機(jī)器人的控制。（There is no possibility） There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots 29. 關(guān)于我們開發(fā)本地區(qū)自然資源的建議已經(jīng)被討論過了。（develop） The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed. 30.現(xiàn)在我們要做的最重要的事是保護(hù)那些正受到滅絕威脅的野生動物。（threaten） What is the most important thing for us to do is to protect the wild animals which are being threatened with extinction.