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高二人教新課標(biāo)版選修七,Unit 3 Under the sea,Learning about Language,Some of the words in this unit can be used as both verbs and nouns. Look at these definitions and find the words in the text. Then write down how they have been used.,dive,1,witness,1,pause,2,urge,2,drag,2,2 Read these sentences. Then replace the words in italics with words that mean the same from the unit.,1. Some personal stories about Mark Twain are very amusing. 2. Working together is necessary to produce good results.,anecdotes,Teamwork,3. More and more people are concerned with the protection of different whale species. 4. Sit facing the street and watch the parade go by. 5. When you hit an iceberg, leave the ship immediately.,conservation,opposite,abandon,depth, dive, yell, annual, shark, accommodation, witness, relationship, flee, shore,3 Use these words in their proper forms to complete the passage below.,When I was young, my parents liked jogging on the beach. So we used to visit the seaside on our ________ holiday. We always stayed in ______________ close to the ______ because my parents had a good ___________ with the owner of the hotel. We also went snorkelling each time and would ______ under the waves to see the colourful fish. As I grew older I was allowed to go to greater _______ and further out beyond the bay.,annual,accommodation,shore,relationship,dive,depths,There I saw small ______ as they swam lazily around the sea bottom. One day I _________ how they would pursue their prey swiftly, and the small fish had no time to _____ away. I wanted to ____ and warn the poor fish but that was impossible underwater. Thank God it was; otherwise, I might have been swallowed instead!,sharks,yell,witnessed,flee,Grammar,The Passive ing-form (V-ing 形式的被動式),V-ing形式的各種時態(tài)和語態(tài):,時態(tài),一般式,完成式,主動語態(tài),被動語態(tài),doing,having done,being done,having been done,,1. 動名詞的被動式：,動名詞的被動式有兩種: being + 過去分詞； having been + 過去分詞。例如： a) 每個人都喜歡得到贊美。 Everybody likes _______________. b) 我記得曾經(jīng)聽過這故事。 I remember __________________ the story. 2) 在need/want/require(需要)和 be worth (值得) 等詞后面, 動名詞的主動形式表示被動 意義。例如：a) 這件事需要調(diào)查。 The matter requires ____________. = The matter requires to be looked into.,being praised,having been told,looking into,b) 這本書值得一讀。 The book _________________. = The book is worthy of being read. 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式也有兩種: being + 過去分詞 (強調(diào)事情正在發(fā)生)； having + been + 過去分詞 (強調(diào)事情已經(jīng) 發(fā)生, 不作定語)。例如： a) 她正接受提問, 感到有點兒緊張。 ____________to answer the question, she felt a little nervous.,is worth reading,Being asked,,b) 這么好的機會給了你, 你怎么能一點也不珍惜 呢？ _________________ such a good chance, how could you not value it at all? 2) 作定語時, “being +過去分詞”表示正在 進(jìn)行的動作; done表示一般過去或已經(jīng)完成 的動作; to be done表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如： a) 正在建造的房屋, 完工后將用作我們的圖書館。 The house ___________ will be our library upon its completion.,Having been given,being built,b) 所使用的教材都是時新的。 The textbooks _______ are all up-to-date. c) 你打算參加下月召開的會議嗎？ Are you going to attend the meeting ____________ next month?,used,to be held,I am thinking of getting a new dictionary. I approved of his taking part in the project. I enjoy listening to classical music.,(一般情況),(以后、將來),(現(xiàn)在、將來),V-ing表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時或在其后 發(fā)生, 或表示一般情況.,,being done表示的被動動作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動詞 的動作同時(有時之后)發(fā)生, 或表示一般情況。,現(xiàn)在修建的發(fā)電站將是埃及最大的發(fā)電站之一。,The power station being built now will be one of the largest in Egypt.,她堅持被派給最苦的工作.,She insisted on being given the hardest task.,They regret not having been able to inform you of the fact.,(之前),Having done 表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動 作之前。,,Having been done表示的被動動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。,被邀請后, 李先生去參加了會議。,Having been invited, Mr Li went to attend the meeting.,I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.,V-ing的被動式在句中可以作:,主語 Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience. 被鯊魚咬死是一件很普通的事情。 Being killed by sharks was a common thing.,我很感激兩年前被給予了去國外學(xué)習(xí)的機會。,_____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones’s skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed,2)賓語 I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.,C,你還記得十歲時被帶去北京嗎? Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?,The little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.,,The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned by her parents in the mountainous village.,若不被邀請，他是不會來的。 (without) He wouldn’t come without being invited. 下面短語中的 to 是介詞, 后面只能跟名詞或 V-ing：devote …to (投入……), get down to (著手干……)， lead to (通向,導(dǎo)致), object to (反對), pay attention to (注意), look forward to (盼望), be used to (習(xí)慣于)，stick to (堅持), prefer…to… 等。,No one can prevent the plan _____. A. from carrying out B. to be carried out C. being carried out D. to carry out,The bird was lucky that it just missed _____. A. catching B. being caught C. to be caught D. to catch,C,B,admit (承認(rèn)), appreciate, avoid, can’t help (禁不住)， stand(忍受), consider (考慮,打算), enjoy, escape (躲避), excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss (錯過), practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest (建議)等后接v-ing。,He has always insisted on his ______ Dr. Tuner instead of Mr. Turner. A. been called B. being called C. having called D. called,B,While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded,3) 賓語補足語,I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom.,The well was found ____ when we got there. A. digging B. to be dug C. to dig D. being dug,C,D,I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.,,I noticed some people being taken to the police station.,4) 定語,The meeting being held now is very important.,但 having been done 不能作定語。,正在被建在公園旁邊的賓館是由一群年輕人建的。 The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.,Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake.,5) 狀語,Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.,Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited,A,The secretary worked late into the night, ____ a long speech for the president. A. being prepared B. preparing C. having been prepared D. prepared 2. ____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having been suffered B. Bing suffered C. To suffer D. Suffered,B,A,Exercises,3. She is shy. She is not used to _____ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised 4. _____ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Having caught B. Being caught C. aught D. Having been caught,C,B,5.The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused 6. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ____ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned,D,C,7. With the development of science, more new technology _____ to the field of IT. A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced 8.Tony was very unhappy for _____ to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited,B,D,9. ______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending,D,10. Do you mind ____ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Jane’s being left D. Jane to be left,C,11. --- What made Bill so angry? --- _____. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waited,B,12. _________ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling,A,13. The building _____ in our school is for us teachers. Though there’s noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it. A. built B. having been built C. to be built D. being built,D,14. ____ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching,B,For more explanation, click here.,高考鏈接,I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone. (2008江西卷) A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted,B,2. ______ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2008陜西卷) A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show,C,3. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _______ could be heard outside the classroom. (07全國卷II) A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close,C,4. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (2004春季北京) A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting,解析: 答案 D?，F(xiàn)在分詞putting作賓語補足語, 表示主動。catch sb. doing表示“當(dāng)場抓住(撞見) 某人在做某事”。,D,解析: 答案為C。for是介詞, 后接動名詞作賓語。 動名詞的否定形式在前面加not。物主代詞his 與動名詞的否定形式構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。,5. Victor apologized for ____ to inform me of the change in the plan. (2004春季上海) A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able,C,6. The discovery of new evidence led to ____. (2003上海) A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief’s being caught D. the thief to be caught,解析: 答案C。lead to “導(dǎo)致、引起”, to 是介詞， 后接動名詞作賓語。從題意看, 是“小偷被抓住”, 故用動名詞的被動式 being caught; 因作賓語, 故動名詞的邏輯主語可用名詞普通格 the thief 改名詞所有格 the thief’s。由于發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù) 因而抓住了小偷。,C,7. ____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (2002上海) A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed,解析: 答案C。在這個句子中, will do是謂語， 要用動名詞作主語。expose 與 one’s skin 是動賓關(guān)系, 要用動名詞的被動式 being exposed作主語。,C,8. ____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (2001全國) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,解析: 答案A。從一詞可知, 要用現(xiàn)在分詞 的完成式。由于已經(jīng)受到如此嚴(yán)重的污染， 現(xiàn)在清理河道可能太晚了。,A,For more exercises, click here.,Summarize the rules of the Passive ing-form. 2. Finish the exercises on Page 23.,Homework,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,