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1、 Period 6　Language Focusing The General Idea of This Period This is the sixth period of this unit.In this unit, we will mainly deal with the language points in the material that we have learnt, including some words, phrases and sentence patterns.Because we have talked about, read and to the mater

2、ial, and the students are already familiar with them.The aims of this class are to let the students know the usage of these words, phrases and sentence patterns; help the students to use them correctly and finish some exercises about the words, phrases and sentence patterns.First check their homewor

3、k.Secondly, present the usage of the words, phrases and sentence patterns.In order to have a deep impression on them, you can ask the students to find them in the context and underline them, because on one hand, they have learnt them; on the other hand, that will help to develop the students’ abilit

4、y of learning by themselves.To make them more familiar with the words, phrases and sentence patterns, the teacher can give them more practice, both oral and written.Meanwhile, the teacher will help them to make up sentences, to improve their ability of using the language and imagination.As to consol

5、idation, the students are supposed to make sentences by themselves, using the new words and phrases in this unit.At last, they are asked to finish some of the exercises on Page 4 and Page 42 and Page 43 as their homework. Teaching Important Points To learn the following words and phrases:  put

6、forward, know about, attend, expose, control, absorb, instruct, look into, in addition, prevent sth.from doing, lead to, make sense, punish sb.for, suggest, complete, reject, valuable, be to blame, link to, announce, deadly, cure, have sth. done, defeat, apart from, a cloud of To study the followi

7、ng sentence structures:  1）But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 2）He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people. 3）So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 4）Only if you put the su

8、n there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Teaching Difficulty How to let the students learn to use these phrases and sentence structures in written and oral English. Teaching Aids Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching tools. Three Dimensional Teaching Ai

9、ms Knowledge Aim To learn the useful expressions and sentence structures in the unit. Ability Aim  To enable the students to use these language points both orally and in the written form. Emotional Aim  Develop the students’ sense of loving English. Teaching Procedure Step 1 Greeting T

10、: Hello, my friends. Ss: Hello, Miss Ma. Step 2 Reviewing Grammar: the Past Participle T: In this unit, we have learned a lot about past participle.Now, let’s do some exercises about this grammar.Look at the multiple choices on the blackboard.Please finish it as quickly as possible, then we wi

11、ll check the answers. 1.__________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. A.Attracting　 B.Attracted　　 C.To be attracted　　 D.Having attracted 2.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases __________ only to people with specific knowledge. A

12、.being known B.having been known C.to be known D.known 3.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, __________ as 3M. A.knowing B.known C.being known D.to be known 4.A man is being questioned in relation to the __________ murder. A.advised B.attended C.attempted

13、 D.admitted 5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain__________ as the plane was making a landing. A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating 1.答案：B 解析：by是解題的關(guān)鍵, 應(yīng)選表示被動(dòng)的B項(xiàng)或C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)題意選擇B項(xiàng)。 2.答案：D 解析：know與words, expressions和phrases是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 而該被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)不表示進(jìn)行, 故排除A項(xiàng); B項(xiàng)常用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ), 強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在

14、主句動(dòng)作之前; C項(xiàng)不合題意。 3.答案：B 解析：be known as“作為……而出名”, 此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 故只用known as。 4.答案：C 解析：此題考查過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法。advised “建議”, attended “出席, 照料”, attempted “試圖, 嘗試”, admitted “承認(rèn), 接收”。本句意為“一個(gè)男人正被詢(xún)問(wèn)有關(guān)昨晚試圖進(jìn)行的謀殺案”。 5.答案：C 解析：此題考查動(dòng)詞seat的用法。seat作動(dòng)詞時(shí)常與反身代詞連用或以過(guò)去分詞形式出現(xiàn)。 Step 3 Learning about Words and Express

15、ions T: As we all know, a lot of scientists made a lot of discoveries and inventions.Who put forward a theory about black holes? Ss: Stephen Hawking. T: What does“put forward”mean? Ss: It means propose or suggest something for discussion. T: Let’s translate some sentences. 1.他對(duì)養(yǎng)狗提出了一個(gè)新的

16、觀點(diǎn)。 2.我們提議周末去郊游. Suggested answers: He put forward a new idea about raising dogs. We put forward a suggestion that we go outing at the weekend. T: Let me help you to go over some“put”phrases:  1)put sth. aside把某物放到一邊; 儲(chǔ)存（錢(qián)）以便他日之需 She put the newspaper aside and picked up a book. 她把報(bào)紙

17、放下, 拿起了一本書(shū)。 She has put aside a large sum of money for her retirement. 她存了一筆相當(dāng)可觀的錢(qián)以便退休之用。 2）put sth. back把某物放回原處 Please put the dictionary back on the shelf when you’ve finished with it. 詞典用完后請(qǐng)放回書(shū)架上。 3）put off 推遲, 取消 This afternoon’s meeting will have to be put off. 今天下午的會(huì)議得延期。 4)

18、put on 穿上 What dress shall I put on for the party? 我穿什么衣服去參加聚會(huì)呢？ 5) put up with 容忍, 忍受 I don’t know how she puts up with him. 我不明白她怎么能容忍他。 T: Now, let’s come to the phrase“know about”, which means “have knowledge about something”or“be aware of something”.Can you make some sentences about

19、 it? Ss: Not much is known about his background. 他的背景不太為人了解。 He asked me about the new book.I happened to know about it 他向我問(wèn)起那本新書(shū), 正巧我了解它的一些情況。 T: Quite good.And how to say“證明”？ Ss: Prove. T: Good.In English it means “show that something is true or certain by means of argument or evid

20、ence”.For example:  1)Can you prove it to me? 你能向我證實(shí)嗎？ 2) I shall prove to you that what I said is the truth.　 我將向你證明我所說(shuō)的是真話。 It also means “be seen or found to be something”; “turn out to be something”. It is always followed by“(to be)+adj.”or“that clause”. For example:  1)The task

21、proved (to be) more difficult than we had thought. 這項(xiàng)任務(wù)原來(lái)比我們預(yù)想的難得多。 2)He proved himself (to be) a very good driver. 他的表現(xiàn)說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)很好的司機(jī)。 T: Are you clear? Ss: Yes. T: You did well.So much for the language points in warming up and pre-reading.Then, please look at the blackboard, there are som

22、e sentences for you.Some are chosen from the reading passage.According to what you have learned, please fill in the blanks. (Teacher shows the following on the blackboard.) 1.John Snow once a__________ Queen Victoria to e__________ the birth of her babies. 2.He became inspired when he thought

23、about helping ordinary people e__________ to cholera. 3.Dry sands can a__________ water. 4.Which driver was to b__________ for the accident? 5.__________, （除此以外）, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were __________（有聯(lián)系）the Broad Street outbreak. 6.To （防止它再次發(fā)生）, John Snow

24、s__________ that the source of all water supplies be examined and the new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. 7.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky__________（講得通, 有意義）. 8.The Christian Church r__________ Copernicus’ theory, saying it was a

25、gainst God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Suggested answers: 1.attended, ease　2.exposed　3.absorb　4.blame　5.In addition, linked to6.prevent it from happening again, suggested　7.make sense　8.rejected T: You should know very well about these words and phrases.Let’s deal wit

26、h them one by one.What does“attend”here mean? S: It means “照顧”. T: Yes.It means“take care of”.For example:  The nurse who attends the old man is very patient. 看護(hù)那位老人的護(hù)士非常有耐心。 T: What other meanings do you know about it? S: It can also mean“be present”. Only a few friends attended their

27、 wedding. 只有幾個(gè)朋友參加了他們的婚禮。 T: Thank you.You are very clever.The phrase“attend to”means “give practical consideration to”.For example:  There are 50 students for me to attend to. 我要關(guān)照50 名學(xué)生。 T: Who’d like to say something about“ease”? S: It means “relieve from pain, anxiety, discomfort”.

28、 T: Can you give us some examples to help us remember this word? S: OK. 1) Talking eased his anxiety. 那一番談話打消了他的顧慮。　 2) The medicine eased my headache. 這藥使我頭痛減輕。 T: Excellent.The phrase“at ease”means comfortable and unworried; completely relaxed. I never feel at ease in his company. 我

29、跟他在一起總是感到很不自在。 They were all so kind and friendly that I felt completely at ease. 他們每一個(gè)都和藹可親, 使我一點(diǎn)也不拘束。 T: And how about this one“Tom is so strong that he can lift the stone with ease.” Ss: 湯姆身體很強(qiáng)壯, 能輕易地舉起那塊石頭。 T: So here“with ease”means“without any difficulty”.Right?Then let’s talk about

30、the word“expose”.It means“uncover, leave uncovered or unprotected”.It is often used with“to”.So how can we say 使皮膚暴露于陽(yáng)光下? Ss: Expose one’s skin to the sun. T: What’s the Chinese meaning of Sentence 4? Ss: 哪個(gè)司機(jī)該負(fù)責(zé)？ T: Pay attention, the phrase“be to blame”means“be responsible for sth. bad”, “

31、deserve to be blamed”.We should use the active voice.Another example:  誰(shuí)該為這次火災(zāi)負(fù)責(zé)？Who can translate this sentence? S: Who is to blame for the fire? T: Besides, we have“blame sb. for sth.”, “blame sth. on sb.” 1) They blamed him for the accident. 他們?yōu)檫@起事故而責(zé)怪他. 2) They blamed the accident on

32、 him. 他們把這起事故歸咎于他。 T: “in addition (to)”means as an extra person, thing or circumstance.Put the following sentences into Chinese. In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other applicants. In addition, we also bought many books for the children in the poor area. Suggested answe

33、rs: 除此（名單上的名字）之外還有六個(gè)申請(qǐng)人。 此外我們還給貧困地區(qū)的孩子們買(mǎi)了很多書(shū)。 T: What does“l(fā)ink to” mean? Ss: 把……與……連接起來(lái), 聯(lián)系 T: Who’d like to give us the Chinese meaning of“Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.” S: 指紋證實(shí)了嫌疑犯的犯罪行為。 T: “suggest”means 1) put sb./sth. forward for consideration  2 ) propose sth.

34、to sb. 3) put an idea into sb.’s mind  For example:  I wrote suggesting that he should come for the weekend. 我寫(xiě)信請(qǐng)他來(lái)度周末。 I suggested to him that we should start earlier. 我向他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。 His words suggested that he was angry. 他的話表明他生氣了。 (When“suggest”means 建議, we should use subjunctive

35、mood in“that clause”) T: “make sense”means“have an understandable meaning”.Please translate my sentences: 1)你的話沒(méi)有道理。 2)這些詞藻堆砌在一起講不通。 Answers: 1) What you say makes no sense. 2) These words are jumbled up and don’t make sense. T: And we have the phrase“make sense of sth.”which means 理解或弄懂

36、困難的事物. T: ... Step 4 Learning some sentence structures T: Now let’s learn some sentence structures.Can you find the sentence in the passage?Can you translate it into Chinese?But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. S: 一想到要幫助那些受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓, 他就感到

37、很振奮。 T: Can you help me to analyze this sentence? S: Let me have a try.In this sentence, the subject is“he”, the predicate is“became inspired”.“when clause”is an adverbial clause for time.In this adverbial clause, “exposed to cholera”is used as the attribute. T: Well done.You should pay spec

38、ial attention to the word“exposed”in this sentence.It is used as an attribute.Are you clear? Ss: Yes. T: In the sentence“So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.”, Can you explain“every time”to us? S: every time在這起一個(gè)從屬連詞的作用, 后面接從句。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有each time, the momen

39、t, the minute等等。如:  1) I will write to you the moment I get to Beijing. 2) The old woman couldn’t help crying each time she thought of her son who died in the battle. T: Then look at this sentence“He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.”Why should we use“explaini

40、ng”here? S: It is also used as an attribute.We can change this sentence into another form: He got interested in two theories which explained how cholera killed people. T: How about this sentence“Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.” S: 這句

41、話的意思是: 只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上, 天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。這是一句倒裝句。因?yàn)閛nly從句放在句首, 句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 T: Can you give us more examples? S: Only by studying hard can we learn English well. Step 5 Consolidation T: We have just learned some words, phrases and some sentence structures.Do you have any other difficulties?Now

42、look through the passages to understand more and find out your own puzzles. (The students should be allowed to read the passages, while the teacher had better give them individual help if necessary.If there are some common problems, the teacher should explain them in the whole class.) T: If you h

43、aven’t any problems, let’s have a competition.You can choose any of the words or phrases we learned to make up some sentences.For each sentence, I will give you ten marks.The more, the better.Now, let’s begin. Ss: ... (Finally the teacher should sing highly of the winner, and encourage the other

44、s to work hard to succeed next time.) Step 6 Homework T: After class, please go over what we have learned today and make up a story in which you had better try to use as many new words and phrases in this unit as possible.Then finish the exercises on Page 4, Page 42 and Page 43. The Design of

45、the Writing on the Blackboard Unit 1　Great Scientist Period 6　Language Focusing Difficult sentences Words and phrases 1.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 2.He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people. 3.Only if

46、 you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 4.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 1.put forward 2.know about 3.prove 4.attend 5.ease 6.in addition 7.... Research and Activities Surf the Internet for mor

47、e information about great scientists that you are most interested in.Then summarize their similarities and write a composition about what you can learn from them. Reference for Teaching 1.attend attend/join/join in/take part in 【辨析】這幾個(gè)詞的區(qū)別在于它們后面所跟的賓語(yǔ)不同。attend的賓語(yǔ)主要是meeting, conference, lecture

48、, school, ceremony; join的賓語(yǔ)主要是表示團(tuán)體, 組織（如軍隊(duì), 黨派）, 一群人等; join in的賓語(yǔ)可以指游戲, 運(yùn)動(dòng)等; take part in指的是參加大型的體育活動(dòng)。 【試題】1)She said she had an important meeting __________. A.to attend　　 B.attend　　 C.to attending　　 D.to attend it 答案：A 2) When did you __________ the Youth League? A.join B.join in C

49、.attend D.take 答案：A 3) Every year, a lot of athletes from all over the world will__________ the Olympic Games. A.join B.take part in C.attend D.attend in 答案：B 4) Will you __________?（加入我們打籃球） 答案：join us in our basketball game 2.expose to Uncover or leave sb./sth./oneself uncovere

50、d or unprotected. 【例句】 1)He likes to expose his skin to the sun. 他喜歡使皮膚暴露于陽(yáng)光下。 2)The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 嬰兒被離棄于風(fēng)雨之中。 3.control　 Have power or authority over sb./sth.. 【例句】 1) Can’t you control that child? 你管不了那個(gè)孩子嗎？ 2) I was so furious that I couldn’t control

51、 myself, and I hit him. 我氣得不得了, 就打了他。 The phrases“be/get out of control”means “be/become no longer manageable”; “bring/get sth./be under control”means “master sth.”. 3) The children are out of control. 管不住這些孩子了。 4) The fire has been brought under control. 火勢(shì)已受到控制。 4.absorb Take sth. in

52、; suck up and include sb./sth. as part of; incorporate. 1) Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 聰明孩子容易吸取知識(shí)。 2) The large firm absorbed the smaller one.　 那家大公司吞并了那家小公司。 “be absorbed in”means“with one’s attention fully held in” She is absorbed in her book. 她埋頭讀她的書(shū)。 5.have it delivere

53、d Cause sth. to be down. 1 )I will have my hair cut tomorrow. 我明天去理發(fā)。 2)We’re having our car repaired. 我們的車(chē)正在修理。 Suffer the consequences of another person’s action. 3)He had his pocket picked. 他的口袋被掏了。 4) They have had their request refused. 他們的請(qǐng)求遭到拒絕。 Other phrases go with “have”:

54、 “have sth./sb. doing”means “allow or tolerate”; “have sb. do sth.” means “order or arrange”; “have sth. to do”means “sth. must be done” 5)The two cheats had their lights burning all night long. 那兩個(gè)騙子讓他們的燈整夜亮著。 6)I’ll have the gardener plant trees. 我要讓園丁種些樹(shù)。 7)I have many exercises to do

55、today. 我今天有很多練習(xí)要做。 6.apart from 【例句】 1) Apart from the cost, the hat doesn’t suit me. 除了價(jià)格, 這頂帽子也不適合我戴。 2) I can’t think of anything I need, apart from a car. 除了一輛小汽車(chē)外, 我想不出我需要什么。 3) Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 他除了臉部和雙手受傷之外, 兩條腿也斷了。 4) Apart f

56、rom the cost, it will take a lot of time. 它除了價(jià)錢(qián)貴之外, 還要占用很多的時(shí)間。 【注意】 apart from 雖然都可以譯作“除了”, 但它們的含義卻是不同的。例１, ２表示“排除或例外”, 相當(dāng)于except, except for, 例４, ５則表示“包括”, 相當(dāng)于besides, in addition。 7.reject 【例句】 1.When a doctor wanted to examine his legs, he refused. 醫(yī)生要檢查他的腿, 他拒絕了。 2.The high court

57、rejected his appeal. 高等法院拒絕了他的上訴。 【辨析】 refuse表示肯定地“拒絕”某種要求, 是普通用語(yǔ); reject表示直截了當(dāng)?shù)亍熬芙^”某種事物, 預(yù)期更強(qiáng), 暗示所拒絕的事物是無(wú)用和沒(méi)有價(jià)值的。refuse可接invitation, 而reject不能; reject后可接plan, suggestion, 而refuse不能。 【注意】 1）refuse后面只接動(dòng)詞不定式, 不接動(dòng)名詞, 不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和從句。如:  They refused to go.他們拒絕去。 2）對(duì)于對(duì)方的邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求、提議等, 在表示“不接受”時(shí), 不用r

58、efuse, 也不用reject, 應(yīng)用can not accept。refuse后可接雙賓語(yǔ)。 【試題】 I offered to lend him a sum of money but he refused __________. A.accepting my offer B.to receive my offer C.accept my offer D.my offer 答案：D plete complete/finish 【辨析】 complete與finish均可表示“完成”, complete強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“補(bǔ)足缺少的部分使之圓滿”, finish側(cè)重于事情

59、的結(jié)束, 完結(jié)。 complete/perfect 【辨析】 complete表示“完全的, 完整的”, perfect表示“完美的”, 指沒(méi)有缺陷的, 常用于修飾人。 【試題】 1.All the preparations for the task __________, and we are ready to start. A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed 2.The __________ village was destroyed. A.complete

60、 B.entire C.perfect D.total 答案：D　B 9.deadly dead/deadly 【辨析】 dead是形容詞, 意為“死的”, a dead snake是指“一條死蛇”。deadly作形容詞時(shí), 作“致命的”解, a deadly snake是指“一條致命的蛇”。 【注意】 1.如果要說(shuō)明死亡了多少時(shí)間或用作定語(yǔ), 就用dead。如:  He has been dead for three yeas. 2.看一看, 怎樣表達(dá)“他死了10年了”。 誤: He had died for ten years. 正: He died ten years ago. 正: He has been dead for ten years. 正: It is ten years since he died. 10