《（江蘇專用）2020版高考英語新增分大一輪復習 語法專題全輯 專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣課件 牛津譯林版.ppt》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專用）2020版高考英語新增分大一輪復習 語法專題全輯 專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣課件 牛津譯林版.ppt（96頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、,,,,,Grammar,專題七情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣,,,,,PART 1,高頻考點清單,PART 2,重溫高考真題,PART 3,熱考點集訓,,PART 1,,高頻考點清單,,,情態(tài)動詞的核心考點,1.can，be able to 和could (1)can和be able to都表示能力，意思上沒多大區(qū)別。但can只有現(xiàn)在和過去時，而be able to則有更多的形式。但當成功地完成某一具體動作時，通常不用could而用was/were able to來表示。這時was/were able to 相當于managed to，表示經(jīng)過一番努力，終于能夠完成某事。 Her mother can

2、speak French. The wounded man was still able to get to the village and was saved by the villagers in the end.,(2)表示猜測“可能”，一般用于疑問句和否定句。 Can the news be true? It cant be true. Someone is knocking at the door.Who could it be? (3)can可以表示理論上的可能性，指常有的行為或情形，意為“有時會”。 Anybody can make mistakes.,(4)表示請求、允許(表請

3、求時，口語中常用could代替can使語氣更委婉，回答時用can)。 Can I go now? Could I e to see you tomorrow? Yes，you can.(否定答語可用No，Im afraid not.) (5)表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度(主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中)。 How can that be true？I cant believe my eyes and ears. How could you be so careless?,(6)can的特殊用法。 can but只有；cant but不得不；cant...too再也不為過，越越好 I can

4、but wait. I cant but wait. You cant be too patient to the customers.,題組訓練1 用can，could，be able to的適當形式填空 1.Though the building was on fire，they go out safely. 2.It be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock. 3.Hows your new babysitter? We not ask for a better one.All our kids love her

5、so much. 4.The police still havent found the lost child，but theyre doing all they . 5.You be too careful when driving.,查看答案,wereableto,cant,could,can,cant,2.may和might的用法 (1)表示允許、請求，might比may的語言更委婉一些。 May I watch TV now? Yes，you may.(Yes，please.) No，you mustnt.(No，youd better not.) (2)表示可能性時，mig

6、ht比may的可能性小，may表示的可能性比can小(主要用于陳述句、肯定或否定句，疑問句用can代替)。 The story may not be true.,(3)表示祝愿(不用might) May you succeed! (4)may/might as well最好還是，不妨 You might as well do it now. (5)may/might well很可能 He may well be late for class.,題組訓練2 用may，might的適當形式填空 1.I dont really like James.Why did you invite him? D

7、ont worry.He not e.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were. 2.I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone have stolen it. 3.As a student，you as well make good use of your time. 4.You go to school

8、 either by bike or by bus. 5. she rest in peace.,查看答案,might/may,might,might/may,may,May,3.must，have to和ought to的用法 (1)must表示“必須，應該，一定要”。強調(diào)主觀看法，只有現(xiàn)在時形式，否定式是must not(mustnt)。must開頭的問句，其否定回答要用neednt或dont have to代替。 (2)must表示必然的結(jié)果。 All men must die. (3)must還可表示主語固執(zhí)、偏要做他人不希望做的事。 It cant help；he must do

9、 that. (4)have to著重客觀需要，能用于更多時態(tài)(過去時或?qū)頃r)。 He will have to be there before ten.,(5)ought to表示義務和責任，“應該”，比should語氣要強。 You ought to take care of yourself. 4.need和dare的用法 (1)need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑問句。在肯定句中，常用must和have to代替。 (2)dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句中。 Dare you go home alone at eleven in the evenin

10、g? (3)need和dare的特殊用法 need表“需要”時，可用want，require代替。 The desk needs to be repaired./The desk needs repairing.,dare作實義動詞時，在肯定句中要接to，在疑問句和否定句中to可省去。 He dares to catch a snake. I do not dare (to) plain. Do you dare (to) swim in the river?,題組訓練3 同義句改寫 1.He darent go out at night. He go out at nigh

11、t. 2.The flowers need watering. The flowers need .,查看答案,doesnt dare to,to be watered,5.will和would的用法 (1)will 表示請求、建議，常用于第二人稱。 Will you please go with me? 表示意愿、決定、允許。 I will never do that again. 表示習慣性動作或某種傾向，“總是，慣于”，通常用于第三人稱。 Rosa will always be late for school.,(2)would 表示請求、建議，比will委婉，指現(xiàn)在時間

12、，多用于第二人稱。 Would you like a cup of tea? 表示過去習慣性動作或某種傾向。 We would play badminton on Sundays. 6.shall和should的用法 (1)shall 用于第一、三人稱，在問句中表示征求對方意見或請求。 Shall I e in? 用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示命令或威脅。 You shall do as your father says.,(2)should 表示責任、義務，意為“應該”。 表示驚訝語氣，意為“竟然”。 You should wear slippers in class. 用于條件句，表示“

13、假如，萬一”，省去if，should可提至句首。 Should you be late，apologize to the teacher.,7.情態(tài)動詞表示推測或判斷的用法 下表即是表示推測的情態(tài)動詞使用的場合：,情態(tài)動詞have done的用法： (1)should have done表示“本來應該做某事而實際上未做”，而shouldnt have done則表示“本不應該做某事而實際上做了”。 You should have told me about it earlier. You shouldnt have said such words to your parents. (2)oug

14、ht to have done也表示“本應該”，而ought not to have done則意為“本不應該”。 You ought to have told me about it earlier. You ought not to have said such words to your parents.,(3)neednt have done表示“本無必要做某事而實際上做了”。 You neednt have walked so quickly since time was enough. (4)could have done表示“本來有可能而事實上未做到”。 I could have

15、 e on time，but my car broke down on the way. (5)may/might have done表示“過去可能發(fā)生過某事”或“本來應該或可以做某事(實際上沒做)”。 You might have given him more help，but you were so busy.,題組訓練4 1.I (我本來可以幫助你的)，but I was too busy then. 2.Its Sunday.He (不可能上學去了). 3.You know the story very well.You

16、(可能讀過) before. 4.You (一定是睡得很晚) last night.Your eyes are red. 5.I (本應該做作業(yè)) last night，but I went to the cinema.,查看答案,couldhavehelpedyou,canthavegonetoschool,may/mighthavereadit,musthavegonetobedlate,should/oughttohavedonemyhomework,虛擬語氣的核心考點,1.虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句 (1)表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，

17、條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞用were)，而主句中的謂語動詞用“would/should/could/might動詞原形”。 If I were you，I would buy that house. If he had time，he should go with you. (2)表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句中的謂語動詞則用“would/should/might/couldhave過去分詞”。 If he had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the examinat

18、ion.,(3)表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時或“should/were to動詞原形”，而主句中的謂語動詞則用“would/should/ could/might動詞原形”。 If it were to rain tomorrow，the football match would be put off. (4)當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作相應調(diào)整。 If they had worked hard，they would be very tired now.(從句說的是過去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在),題組訓練5

19、用所給動詞的正確形式填空 1.Maybe if I (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help. 2.If I (have) time next week，I would go to the party. 3.If I (be) you，I should go and see the dentist at once.,查看答案,hadstudied,had/shouldhave/weretohave,were,4.If you had arri

20、ved at the station ten minutes earlier，you _________________ (catch) the train. 5.If he were you，he (miss) the concert last night.,查看答案,could/should/would,/mighthavecaught,wouldnthavemissed,2.虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句 (1)虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。 “wish賓語從句”表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時(b

21、e動詞用were)；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/could動詞原形”；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had過去分詞”或“could/shouldhave過去分詞”。 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known/could/should have known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird.,在表示建議、要求、命令等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用“should動詞原形”，should可以省略。 常見的動詞有：suggest，

22、advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，mand，order等。 She suggested we (should) leave here at once. The doctor ordered she should be operated on.,(2)虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。 表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動詞用“(should) 動詞原形”，should可以省略。 His

23、suggestion that we (should) go to Shanghai is wonderful. My idea is that they (should) pay 100 dollars.,(3)虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。 在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“(should)動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應如此等。 It is necessary (important，natural，strange，etc.)that we (should) clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame，no wonder，etc

24、.)that you (should) be so careless. It will be desired (suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.)that she (should) finish her homework this afternoon. 注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣；反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。 It is a pity that you cant swim.,題組訓練6 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.Where are the chil

25、dren？The dinners going to be pletely ruined. I wish they (be，not) always late. 2.It is requested that Class Two (give) a performance at the English evening. 3.He insisted that a deadline (set) for pleting the task. 4.My suggestion is that we (go) without delay. 5.The doctor has g

26、iven advice that the patient (give) up smoking.,查看答案,werent,(should)give,(should)beset,(should)go,(should)giveup,3.虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用 (1)虛擬語氣在as if/as though，even if/even though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去完成時；指現(xiàn)在狀況，則用一般過去時(be動詞用were)；指將來狀況則用過去將來時。 He did it as if he were an expert. Even if she

27、 were here，she could not solve the problem. (2)虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。 這種從句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that)...”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或“should動詞原形”，意思是“(現(xiàn)在)該”。 Its time that I picked up my daughter. Its high time we went/should go home,(3)虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中。 If only I were a pilot. If only I had taken his ad

28、vice. (4)虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。 情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中。 It would be better for you not to stay up too late. Would you be kind enough to close the door? 用于一些習慣表達法中。 Would you like a cup of tea? I would rather not tell you.,,PART 2,,重溫高考真題,,,1.Its strange that he have taken the books w

29、ithout the owners permission.(2018江蘇，24) A.would B.should C.could D.might,答案,解析,解析句意為：很奇怪，他竟然未經(jīng)主人同意就拿走了那些書。此處should作情態(tài)動詞，表示“竟然”，符合句意，故選B。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,,題組一,2.In todays information age，the loss of data cause serious problems for a pany.(2018北京，12) A.need B.shoul

30、d C.can D.must,答案,解析,解析根據(jù)句意可知應該選C項。can在此表示可能性，意為“可能，會”。need需要；should應該；must必須，以上三者均不符合句意。句意為：在如今這個信息時代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失可能會給一個公司帶來嚴重的問題。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.I cant find my purse.I it in the supermarket yesterday，but Im not sure.(2018天津，10) A.should leave B.must have left C.migh

31、t leave D.could have left,答案,解析,解析句意為：我找不到我的錢包了。我昨天可能把它落在了超市里，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語yesterday可知空格處是對過去發(fā)生事情的推測，需用“情態(tài)動詞have done”，B、D兩項符合； 再根據(jù)句中的but Im not sure排除B項“一定落在”，故選D項。 若C項改為might have left，也是正確的。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.Samuel，the tallest boy in our class， easily reach

32、the books on the top shelf.(2017北京，21) A.must B.should C.can D.need,答案,解析,解析句意為：我們班最高的男孩塞繆爾能(can)輕松地夠到頂層架子上的書。此處表示能力，要用can。must必須；should應當，應該；need需要。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.My room is a mess，but I clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.(2017天津，2) A

33、.darent B.shouldnt C.neednt D.mustnt,答案,解析,解析句意為：我的房間很亂，不過今晚在我出去之前，我沒必要(neednt)打掃它。我可以在(明天)早晨打掃。darent不敢；shouldnt不應該；mustnt不準。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone. (2015北京，29) A.may B.can C.mu

34、st D.dare,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：你不能再多待一會兒嗎？天要黑了。我現(xiàn)在真的必須走了。我的女兒一個人在家里呢。may可以，可能；can 能夠，可以；must必須；dare 敢，敢于。故選C。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.(2015浙江，4) A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。句意為：太吵鬧了，我們連自己說的話都聽不到。coul

35、dnt表示“不能”，符合語境。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again. Oh，its too bad.You have made full preparations.(2015福建，27) A.must B.can C.would D.should,答案,解析,解析考查“情態(tài)動詞have done”的意義。句意為：很抱歉，媽媽，我的面試又失敗了。噢，真是太糟糕了，你本應該做好充分準備的。should have done本應該做但是沒有做。,

36、,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.You be careful with the camera.It costs！(2015四川，2) A.must B.may C.can D.will,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：你一定要非常小心地對待這個照相機，它很貴。根據(jù)下文的it costs可知，照相機一定很昂貴，所以“必須”小心對待，故選擇A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.You be Carol.You havent changed

37、a bit after all these years. (2015重慶，12) A.must B.can C.will D.shall,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：你一定是卡蘿爾，這些年以來你一點都沒變。依據(jù)第二句可知，此處應用must表示很有把握的推測，意為“一定，肯定”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問句。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at week

38、ends.(2014四川，6) A.might B.must C.would D.should,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。此題考查的是would表示過去的習慣性動作，可譯為“過去常?！?。句意為：我仍舊記得我快樂的童年，那時我的母親常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who have taken it？ (2014陜西，25) A.need B.must C.should D.could,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞

39、。第二句句意為：可能是誰拿走了呢？need需要；must一定，肯定，表猜測時通常只用于肯定句；should多指預期的事，常譯為“按道理說應該”；could可表示說話者主觀猜測的“可能”，此時用于否定句和疑問句中，符合題意。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves， bring me food. (2014江蘇，31) A.might B.would C.should D.could,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：讓我難為情的是

40、，他們自己那么窮，竟然還要給我?guī)С缘?。should可表示說話人的驚奇、憤怒、失望等特殊情感，此處意為“竟然”，表驚訝。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.Life is unpredictable；even the poorest bee the richest. (2014江西，30) A.shall B.must C.need D.might,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：生活是無法預測的，甚至最貧窮的人也許會成為最富有的人。根據(jù)前句“Life is unpredictable”說明一切都有可能，所以使用m

41、ight表示存在的可能性。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.Although you find bargains in London，its not generally a cheap place to shop.(2014大綱全國，30) A.should B.need C.must D.can,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。句意為：雖然你可能在倫敦找到便宜貨，但那通常不是一個購物便宜的地方。can表示“可能”時盡管多用于否定句和疑問句中，但在肯定句中可以表示“可能”，指客觀上的可能性。由句意可知，此處表

42、示“你可能在倫敦找到便宜貨”，指客觀上的可能性，故選擇can。should應該；need需要；must必須，肯定。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.People are recycling many things which theyaway in the past. (2014安徽，30) A.had thrown B.will be throwing C.were throwing D.would have thrown,答案,解析,解析考查“情態(tài)動詞have done”。句意為：人們在循環(huán)使用他們過去本想扔掉的

43、許多東西。would have done表示“過去本想干某事，但實際沒做”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. Do you mean we bring anything with us？(2014湖南，25) A.cant B.mustnt C.shant D.neednt,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：我已經(jīng)為這次野餐準備了各種各樣的食物。你的意思是我們沒有必要帶任何東西了，是嗎？neednt不必，符合句意。can

44、t不可能，不能；mustnt表示禁止；shant表示將來。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18. I have a word with you？It wont take long.(2014北京，21) A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Should,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：我能和你說句話嗎？不會花費太長時間的。此處can表示請求和許可。must必須；shall用于第一人稱的問句中，用于提建議或要求他人作決定的問句中；should應該。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1

45、3,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.No one be more generous；he has a heart of gold.(2013天津，9) A.could B.must C.dare D.need,答案,解析,解析考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：沒人比他更慷慨；他有一顆金子般的心?！癗o one could be more generous”是否定詞和比較級連用，表達最高級含義，A項could可以在否定句中表示推測，為正確答案。 B項表推測，只用在肯定句中；dare和need不符合句意。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,1

46、8,19,20,20.Why are your eyes so red？Youhave slept well last night. Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.(2013四川，5) A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wont,解析句意為：你的眼睛為什么這么紅？你昨晚肯定沒睡好。是的，我熬夜寫了一篇報告。本題考查情態(tài)動詞表對過去事情否定推測的用法。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,答案,解析,1.There is a good social life i

47、n the village，and I wish I a second chance to bee more involved.(2018江蘇，27) A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had,答案,解析,解析句意為：在這個村子里社交生活良好，我希望我能再有機會更多地參與其中。I wish后接從句，從句要用虛擬語氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，從句謂語用did(be動詞用were)；敘述與過去事實相反的假設，從句謂語用had done；敘述與將來事實相反的假設，從句謂語用would/could do。由語境可知，此處敘述與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，故選

48、A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,,題組二,2.They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers. (2018北京，13) A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven,答案,解析,解析根據(jù)主句的謂語形式以及語境可知，if條件句應該用過去完成時，表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)：主句謂語用“should/would/could/mighthave don

49、e”，從句謂語用“had過去分詞”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.If we the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018天津，15) A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch,答案,解析,解析句意為：如果我們昨天趕上了航班的話，我們現(xiàn)在就在海灘上享受假期了。根據(jù)前半句中的時間狀語yesterday以及后半部分中的would be enjoying及時

50、間狀語now可知，這是一個錯綜時間條件句。從句表示與過去事實相反的假設，故用“had動詞的過去分詞”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.If the new safety system to use，the accident would never have happened.(2017北京，34) A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put,答案,解析,解析句意為：要是新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用了的話，這起事故就不會發(fā)生了。此處表示與過去事實相反的情況

51、，所以從句謂語用過去完成時，選A項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes.Otherwise，I able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津，15) A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be,答案,解析,解析句意為：你有貝蒂的電話號碼嗎？有。不然我昨天就聯(lián)系不上她了。由空前的otherwise及句意可知應用虛擬語氣，此處表示與過去事實相反的情況，謂語動詞用

52、would have done，故選B項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6. not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overe her difficulty.(2017江蘇，22) A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it,答案,解析,解析句意為：如果沒有老師們的支持，這名學生不可能戰(zhàn)勝困難。此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，從句謂語用were；在非真實條件句中，如果有should，had或were時，可以省略i

53、f，而把should，had或were提至主語前，形成部分倒裝，故選B項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005.(2016浙江，15) A.had not fallen B.would not fall C.did not fall D.would not have fallen,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：如

54、果各國政府和科學家們不一起合作的話，與艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡人數(shù)就不會自 2005 年的最高值降下來。根據(jù)Had the governments and scientists not worked together可知事情發(fā)生在過去，因此是對過去情況的虛擬，主句用would have done形式。故選D項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me，I could have helped.(2016北京，34)

55、 A.told B.had told C.were to tell D.would tell,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：你上周為什么不告訴我你的麻煩。如果你告訴了我，我就能夠幫助你。根據(jù)last week可知，事情發(fā)生在過去；根據(jù)主句謂語動詞could have done可知，是對過去情況的虛擬，因此從句應用過去完成時had done。故選B項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.It might have saved me some trouble the schedule.(2015江蘇，28) A.di

56、d I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣在倒裝句式中的應用。句意為：要是早知道時間表的話，可能會省去我一些麻煩。由句意和might have saved可知，句子用了虛擬語氣。本句表示與過去事實相反的情況，故從句謂語用had known。if引導的非真實條件句中含有were，had，should時，可將它們提到主語之前，并將if省略。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.If I it with my own eyes, I woul

57、dnt have believed it.(2015北京，34) A.didnt see B.werent seeing C.wouldnt see D.hadnt seen,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：如果不是親眼看到，我就不會相信這件事。由主句中的謂語動詞wouldnt have believed 可知是對過去情況的虛擬，虛擬條件句的謂語動詞應用過去完成時。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.I wish I at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on

58、a business trip in New York then.(2015天津，13) A.will be B.would be C.have been D.had been,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：要是我上周二參加了我姐姐的婚禮那該多好啊，但是當時我在紐約出差。wish后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣；由I was on a business trip...可知是對過去發(fā)生過的事情的虛擬，故要用過去完成時。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish

59、 I as well as her.(2015陜西，23) A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：埃倫是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一樣好那該有多好??！I wish后接從句，從句用虛擬語氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用過去式(be用were)；敘述與將來事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用could/should/would/might do；敘述與過去事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用had done。由語境可知，此處敘述的是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，故謂語動詞用過去式，選D項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,

60、7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it？(2014重慶，13) A.had done B.have done C.did D.am doing,答案,解析,解析句意為：是約翰打壞了窗戶。為什么你說得好像是我打壞了似的？題中broke表示“打壞窗戶”發(fā)生在“過去”。as if/though后面的從句用had done表示對“過去”的虛擬。故A項正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,1

61、4,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.We back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.(2014北京，34) A.are B.were C.will be D.would be,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：如果你不丟失地圖的話，我們現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)回到旅館了。由now知此處為與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，主句用“would/could/should/might動詞原形”，故選D項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.We would rather our d

62、aughter at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.(2014陜西，23) A.would stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.stay,答案,解析,解析would rather后跟賓語從句時，從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾?；用“had過去分詞”表示與過去事實相反。根據(jù)后一句中的is可知，此處表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾?，故此處動詞應用過去式，故選C項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,

63、18,19,20,16.If wea table earlier，we wouldnt be standing here in a queue. (2013，北京，34) A.have booked B.booked C.book D.had booked,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：如果早些預訂飯桌，我們現(xiàn)在就不會站在這兒排隊了。if從句是對過去情況的假設，故用過去完成時態(tài)。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.Do you think George has passed the driving test?

64、No.If so，he his car to our college yesterday.(2013福建，30) A.would drive B.drove C.would have driven D.had driven,答案,解析,解析句意為：你認為George會通過駕照考試嗎？不會的。如果通過的話，昨天他會開車來我們的大學。本題表達的是對過去事實的假設，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：If...had done...，...would(might，could) have done...。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.If he

65、 had spent more time practising speaking English before，heable to speak it much better now.(2013天津，14) A.will be B.would be C.has been D.would have been,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：如果以前他花更多的時間練習說英語的話，現(xiàn)在他的英語就會說得好多了。由從句中的had spent可知從句與過去事實相反；由主句中的now可知主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，故用would be。本題實際上是考查錯綜時間的虛擬語氣。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,

66、10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.It rained cats and dogs this morning.Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah，we would have got wet all over if we .(2013重慶，29) A.hadnt B.havent C.didnt D.dont,答案,解析,解析考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)第一句可知，下雨、帶傘都是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故第二句“如果我們沒帶傘的話，全身都會淋濕的”這一情景是與過去事實相反的假設，故if條件句用過去完成時，主句用“would/should/might/couldhave done”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. (2013陜西，12) A.should B.might C.could D.would,答案,解析,解析句意為：母親提議這個周末出