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1、 浙江省2012高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解（40） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects. Teachers teach and students learn, and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes. Sian Beilock a

2、nd Susan Leving, two psychologists at the University of Chicago, are trying to learn about learning. In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn: If a female te

3、acher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math. “If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement,” Levine told Science New

4、s. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident. Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult

5、to learn—and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. The new study involved 65 girls, 52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the

6、researchers compared the scores. The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers: To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt

7、at times when they came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example, was probably anxious about math. Boys, on average, were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety. On average, girls with math-anxious teachers sco

8、red lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus, on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy, 20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.

9、 According to surveys done before this one, college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math. Plus, nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women, Levine said. 1. Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ___

10、________. A. know the effects of teaching on learning B. study students’ ways of learning math C. prove women teachers are unfit to teach math D. find better teaching methods for teachers 2. The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ___________. A. e

11、nd up learning math anxiety from their teachers B. study the ways their female teachers behave C. have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers D. gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math 3. In the study, what were the teachers required to do? A. Prepare two math a

12、chievement tests for the students. B. Tell their feelings about math problems. C. Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy. D. Compare the students’ scores after the math tests. 4. What is the finding of the new study? A. No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.

13、 B. Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys. C. About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls. D. Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. 117 students and teac

14、hers took part in the new study. B. The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study. C. Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math. D. Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers. B The space shuttle Columbia flared and broke up in the skies over Tex

15、as on Saturday, February 1, 2003, killing the seven astronauts on board in what NASA and President Bush called a tragedy for the entire nation. NASA launched an investigation into the disaster and began searching for the astronauts' remains. It said that although there had been some data failures it

16、 was too early to nail down a precise cause. The break-up, 16 minutes before the shuttle was due to land at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, spread possibly toxic debris(有毒的殘骸) over a wide area of Texas and neighboring states. Dramatic television images of the shuttle's descent clearly showed seve

17、ral white trails(痕跡) streaking through blue skies after the shuttle suddenly fell apart. It was almost 17 years to the day that the Challenger shuttle exploded on Jan. 28, 1986, killing all seven astronauts on board. Take-off and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a s

18、pace mission. In 42 years of US' human space flight, there had never been an accident in the descent to Earth or landing. Challenger exploded just after take-off. Rescue teams scrambled to search for the remains of the crew, which included the first Israeli to fly on the shuttle, former combat pil

19、ot Col. Ilan Ramon. There were warnings that parts of a vast 120-mile-long corridor of debris could be toxic because of poisonous rocket propellant(推進(jìn)器). "We are not ready to confirm that we have found any human remains," Nacogdoches County Sheriff Thomas Kerrs said. He added that among the roughl

20、y 1,000 calls reporting debris, some people said they found remains of crew members. "The Columbia is lost. There are no survivors, …Their mission was almost complete and we lost them so close to home. … America's space program will go on," said a grim-faced Bush in a message broadcast on televisi

21、on, which included condolences（同情）to the families of the dead astronauts. 6. The word “descent” in the passage means ________. A. taking off B. landing C. orbiting(繞軌運(yùn)行) D. walking down 7. Which is true of the Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon? A. He was the first Israeli astronau

22、t to fly on the shuttle. B. He was the first foreign astronaut to fly on the American shuttle. C. He used to be a passenger plane pilot. D. He was the only survivor in the Columbia disaster. 8. The Columbia disaster and the Challenger disaster were similar in that ________. A. there were se

23、ven astronauts killed on board B. both the shuttles exploded when they took off C. Both the shuttles exploded when they were about to land D. no human remains were found 9. Which of the following is wrong according to the news? A. The U.S.A. will give up the space program becaus

24、e of the accident. B. NASA hasn’t found the cause of the Columbia disaster. C. Before the Columbia disaster, no shuttles had exploded in the course of landing. D. Take-off and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission. C “Glad to find you so merry, my g

25、irls,” said a cheery voice at the door, and actors and audience turned to welcome a tall, motherly lady with a “Can I help you” look about her which was truly delightful. She was not elegantly dressed, but a noble-looking woman, and the girls thought the gray cloak（斗篷）and unfashionable bonnet（寬檐帽）co

26、vered the most splendid mother in the world. “Well, dearies, how have you got on today? There was so much to do, getting the boxes ready to go tomorrow, that I didn’t come home to dinner. Has anyone called, Beth? How is your cold, Meg? Jo, you look tired to death. Come and kiss me, baby.” While ma

27、king these maternal（母性的）inquires, Mrs. March got her wet things off, her warm slippers on, and sitting down in the easy chair, drew Amy to her lap, preparing to enjoy the happiest hour of her busy day. The girls flew about, trying to make things comfortable, each in her own way. Meg arranged the tea

28、 table. Jo brought wood and set chairs, dropping, over-turning, and clattering everything she touched. Beth trotted (小跑) to and fro between parlor(客廳) and kitchen, quiet and busy, while Amy gave directions to everyone, as she sat with her hands folded. As they gathered about the table, Mrs. March s

29、aid, with a particularly happy face, “I’ve got a treat for you after supper.” A quick, bright smile went round like a streak of sunshine. Beth clapped her hands, regardless of the biscuit she held, and Jo tossed up her napkin, crying, “A letter! A letter! Three cheers for Father!” “Yes, a nice lon

30、g letter. He is well, and thinks he shall get through the cold season better than we feared. He sends all sorts of loving wishes for Christmas, and an especial message to you girls,” said Mrs. March, patting her pocket as if she had got a treasure there. “Hurry and get done! Don’t stop to quirk you

31、r little finger and simper (傻笑)over your plate, Amy,” cried Jo, choking on her tea and dropping her bread, butter side down, on the carpet in her haste to get at the treat. Beth ate no more, but crept (躡手躡足地走) away to sit in her shadowy corner and brood (細(xì)想)over the delight to come, till the others

32、 were ready. “I think it was so splendid in Father to go as chaplain（牧師）when he was too old to be drafted (被征入伍), and not strong enough for a soldier,” said Meg warmly. “Don’t I wish I could go as a drummer? Or a nurse, so I could be near him and help him.” exclaimed Jo, with a groan. “It must be

33、 very disagreeable to sleep in a tent, and eat all sorts of bad-tasting things, and drink out of a tin mug,” sighed Amy. “When will he come home, Marmee?” asked Beth, with a little quiver in her voice. “Not for many months, dear, unless he is sick. He will stay and do his work faithfully as long a

34、s he can, and we won’t ask for him back a minute sooner than he can be spared. Now come and hear the letter.” They all drew to the fire, Mother in the big chair with Beth at her feet, Meg and Amy perched on either arm of the chair, and Jo leaning on the back, where no one would see any sign of emot

35、ion if the letter should happen to be touching. Very few letters were written in those hard times that were not touching, especially those which fathers sent home. In this one little was said of the hardships endured, the dangers faced, or the homesickness conquered. It was a cheerful, hopeful lette

36、r, full of lively descriptions of camp life, marches, and military news, and only at the end did the writer’s heart overflow with fatherly love and longing for the little girls at home. 10. What did the girls do after their mother arrived home? A. They asked her to make dinner. B.

37、 They told her about their day. C. They got boxes ready to go for the next day. D. They tried to make her comfortable. 11. The girls’ father had not been drafted because he ______________________. A. was too old B. had been injured C. was a chaplain D. had children 12. Wh

38、at was most likely keeping the girls’ father away from home? A. A storm. B. A battle. C. A sickness. D. A job. 13. Why did Jo most likely sit with her back toward everyone while listening to the letter? A. To show her sisters that she is angry B. So that she

39、can sit more comfortably C. So that she has enough light to read D. To hide her feelings from her sisters 14. The letter is compared to a treasure to show ____________________________. A. that mother was teasing the girls B. the value of the letter to the girls C. that mo

40、ther had money in her pocket D. the mother’s love for the girls 15. In paragraph 3, the word “inquiries” means ___________. A. scolding B. questions C. lessons D. arrivals D Welcome Welcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the wo

41、rld. Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen, who sometimes stays here. Audio tours Free audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors. Guided tours Visitors can explore t

42、he history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments. Visitors with children For those visiting with children, a special family tour and various acti

43、vities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safety reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow. St George’s Chapel Visitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October are advised to

44、 visit St George’s Chapel first before it closes. Shopping Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service. Refreshments Bottled water

45、 can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. Form April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St Ge

46、orge’s Chapel. Photography and mobile phones Non-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors. Security As Windsor Castle is a working

47、 royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. 16. A visitor can apply for a free audio tour _________. A. in the Courtyard B. in the State Apartments C. at

48、the Admission Center D. at St George’s Chapel 17. What is specially offered to visitors with kids? A. security guard. B. A pushchair. C. A free toy. D. A baby carrier. 18. Who can get re-entry permits? A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle. B. Visitors buying gift

49、s in the castle shops. C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard. D. Visitors eating outside St George’s Chapel. 19. Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones? A. To ensure the safety of others. B. To ensure the security of the Castle. C. To prevent them from

50、 disturbing others. D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras. 20. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one _________. A. still being constructed B. still used by the royal family C. where the Queen usually works D. where works of art are on show B D B C B B A A A D A B D B B C D A C B 6 用心 愛心 專心