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111 必修5　 Unit 1　Great scientists 要 點(diǎn) 梳 理 高效梳理·知識(shí)備考 ●重點(diǎn)單詞 1．characteristic n．特征；特性 2．conclude vt. & vi.結(jié)束；推斷出→conclusion n．結(jié)論；結(jié)束 3．defeat vt.打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n．失敗 4．a(chǎn)ttend vt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加 5．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposion n．暴露 6．cure n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治療 7．challenge n．挑戰(zhàn) vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challenger n．挑戰(zhàn)者 8．a(chǎn)bsorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心 9．suspect vt.懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion n．懷疑→suspicious adj.有疑心的 10．foresee vt.預(yù)見；預(yù)告→foretell v．預(yù)言→forecast v．預(yù)報(bào) 11．blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n．過失；責(zé)備 12．pollute vt.污染；弄臟→pollution n．污染 13．handle n．柄；把手 vt.處理；操縱 14．link vt. & n．連接；聯(lián)系 15．a(chǎn)nnounce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．通知；宣告 16．instruct vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)→instruction n．教授；傳授→instructions n．指示，說明 17．construct vt.建設(shè)；修建→construction n．建設(shè)；建筑物 18．contribute vt. & vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助→contribution n．貢獻(xiàn) 19．spin vi. & vt.(使)旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡(線或紗) 20．reject vt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄→rejection n．拒絕；拋棄 ●重點(diǎn)短語 1．put forward 提出 2．draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 3．expose...to 使顯露；暴露 4．link...to... 將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來 5．a(chǎn)part from 除……之外；此外 6．make sense 講得通；有意義 7．look into 調(diào)查；研究 8．a(chǎn)t times 有時(shí) 9．be against 反對(duì) 10．(be) strict with 對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的 11．be to blame 應(yīng)受責(zé)備 12．with certainty 肯定地 ●重點(diǎn)句型 1．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 因次每一次暴發(fā)(霍亂)都會(huì)有成千上萬恐慌的人死去。 2．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。 3．He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it.... 他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)…… ●高考范文 (2008·安徽) 假定你是李華，David是你的美國筆友。他對(duì)中國鼓勵(lì)使用環(huán)保購物袋很感興趣，來信向你詢問此事。請(qǐng)你給他寫封回信，主要內(nèi)容如下： ◇感謝他的關(guān)注。 ◇簡要介紹相關(guān)情況。 ◇談?wù)勀愕母邢搿? 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，信的格式已為你寫好。 2．可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 3．參考詞匯：環(huán)保購物袋environment－friendly shopping bag；關(guān)注concern。 June 8 Dear David， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 寫作要點(diǎn)： 本篇書面表達(dá)要求寫一封書信，請(qǐng)注意英文書信格式及文體特點(diǎn)；人稱需用第一人稱；時(shí)態(tài)需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 1．相關(guān)詞語：environmental protection (環(huán)境保護(hù)), white pollution (白色污染)，reuse (再利用), rubbish (垃圾)等； 2．英文書信常用句式 I‘m glad that..., Thank you for..., I believe/hope/think...that...等。 [范文] June_8 Dear_David， I'm glad that you've noticed our efforts directed towards environmental protection. Thank you for your concern. As too much use of plastic bags has caused serious white pollution, our government encourages us to use environment－friendly shopping bags. These bags are made of a variety of materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish. Besides, they can be reused. More and more people in China have realized the advantages of such bags and started using them. I believe that the wide use of these shopping bags can greatly improve our environment. This is one of the many steps we are taking to make our country an even cleaner place. Yours， Li_Hua 考 點(diǎn) 探 究 互動(dòng)探究·能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān) 1．conclude vt.　斷定，推斷出；作出結(jié)論(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)) conclusion n．　結(jié)論，推論 conclusive adj.　結(jié)論性的 conclude...by/with...以……結(jié)束 conclude to do sth. 決定做某事 conclude...from...從……中推斷 to conclude (做插入語)最后(一句話) in conclusion 最后，總之 bring...to a conclusion 使……結(jié)束 make a conclusion 下結(jié)論 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出結(jié)論，告一段落 [即學(xué)即練1](1)He _____________ his speech with a joke. 他以一個(gè)笑話結(jié)束了他的演講。 (2)The meeting ____________ at nine o‘clock. 會(huì)議9點(diǎn)鐘結(jié)束了。 (3)The police ____________ that he must be the murderer. 警察斷定他一定是殺人兇手。 concluded concluded concluded (4)____________， wish all of you good health and a long life.最后祝大家健康長壽。 (5)____________， I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today. 最后我想感謝今天參加會(huì)議的所有人。 　　　　 To conclude In conclusion 2．a(chǎn)ttend vt.&vi. 出席；參加；照料，護(hù)理 attendance n. 出席，到場，參加 attend a meeting/a lecture/school 參加會(huì)議/聽報(bào)告/上學(xué) attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顧某人 attend to 處理，注意，專心于，照料 [即學(xué)即練2](1)He didn‘t __________________ yesterday.他昨天沒有參加會(huì)議。 (2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody ______________ him. 長跑之后他感到非常疲勞，很想有個(gè)人來照顧自己一下。 (3)Business has to __________________. 生意是必須要料理的。 attend the meeting to attend on be attended to (4)__________your studies. 專心你的學(xué)習(xí)。 　　　 Attend to 3．expose vt. 暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面臨 exposure n. 暴露，顯露；揭露，揭發(fā) expose sth./sb./oneself (to...) 顯露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(給……) be exposed to 暴露于…… [即學(xué)即練3](1)My job as a journalist is to _______________.我作為記者的職責(zé)就是揭露事實(shí)。 (2)Don‘t ______ babies ______ strong sunlight. 不要讓嬰兒受到強(qiáng)烈陽光的照射。 (3)It’s very dangerous to _______________ these viruses without any protection. 不加任何保護(hù)，直接暴露在這些病毒下是非常危險(xiǎn)的。 　 expose the truth expose to be exposed to 4．cure n. 治愈；痊愈　vt. 治愈；治療 curable adj. 可治愈的 a cure for... 針對(duì)……的治療 cure sb. of sth. 消除某人……；治愈某人…… [即學(xué)即練4](1)The doctor can't ______ her ______ the cancer. 醫(yī)生治不好她的癌癥。 (2)Nothing can ______ you ______ your bad habits. 沒有什么能去掉你的壞習(xí)慣。 (3)This is ___________________ SARS. 這是一種新的SARS治療方法。 　 　 cure of cure of a new cure for 拓展：vt.＋sb. ＋of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)的短語還有： remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事 suspect sb. of sth.懷疑某人(做)某事 rob sb. of sth.搶了某人某物 inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事 5．a(chǎn)bsorb vt.吸收，吸進(jìn)(液體、氣體等)；理解，獲取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或興趣 absorb water/light/heat (＝take in) 吸收水/光/熱 absorb what sb. said 理解某人所說的話 absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in... 全神貫注于…… [即學(xué)即練5](1)Black cloth __________ light. 黑色布料吸收光線。 (2)Did you ______ everything the professor said? 教授說的你全部理解了嗎？ (3)He ________________ deep thought. 他陷入沉思。 　　 absorbs absorb was absorbed in 6．suspect vt.懷疑；不信任 n．嫌疑犯；可疑對(duì)象 suspect sth.懷疑某事 suspect thatclause懷疑…… suspect sb. of(doing) sth. 懷疑某人有某種罪行或做過某事 suspect sb. to be...猜想某人是…… [即學(xué)即練6](1)I began to _________ (that) they were trying to get rid of me. 我開始懷疑他們?cè)噲D擺脫我。 (2)They ______ him ______ murder. 他們懷疑他犯有謀殺罪。 (3)What made you _________ her ______ having taken the money？你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？ (4)The police arrested the _________ yesterday. 警方昨天逮捕了那個(gè)嫌疑犯。 　 suspect suspect of suspect of suspect 7．blame n．&vt.責(zé)備；責(zé)任 blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人/責(zé)備某人做了某事 blame sth. on sb.把某事歸咎于某人 be to blame (for)應(yīng)(為……)承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該(為……) 受責(zé)備(此處不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)) accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 將某事歸咎于某人 [即學(xué)即練7](1)He _________ me ______ my carelessness. 他責(zé)備我的疏忽大意。 (2)Mr Li is not __________________ the accident. 這次事故不能怨李先生。 (3)Where does __________________ our failure lie? 我們失敗的癥結(jié)在哪里？ blamed for to blame for the blame for 8．contribute vt.&vi.作貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)；投(稿) contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)，投稿 contributor n. 捐助者；投稿人 contribute to sth. 增加，增添；促成某事 contribute sth. to/towards 給……捐獻(xiàn)/捐贈(zèng) contribute (sth.) to sth. 撰稿；投稿 make a contribution to...為……作貢獻(xiàn) [即學(xué)即練8](1)We should __________ food and clothing ______ the relief of the poor. 我們應(yīng)該捐贈(zèng)食品和衣物救濟(jì)貧民。 (2)Drink _______________ his ruin.酗酒促使他毀滅。 (3)The Song Dynasty _____________ three great inventions ______ world civilization. 宋朝為世界文明貢獻(xiàn)出三大發(fā)明。 (4)He ___________ an article ______ China Daily. 他為《中國日?qǐng)?bào)》撰寫了一篇文章。 contribute for contributed to contributed to contributed to 9．reject vt.拋開；丟掉；拒絕，抵制 n．被拒絕或拋棄的人或物 [即學(xué)即練9](1)My cousin tried to join the army but ____________. 我堂兄試圖參軍，但沒有被接受。 (2)After the transplant his body __________ the new heart. 在移植手術(shù)后，他的身體對(duì)移植的心臟產(chǎn)生排斥反應(yīng)。 (3)I __________ the rotten oranges.我把腐爛的橘子扔掉了。 　　 was rejected rejected rejected 提示：reject與refuse的區(qū)別 refuse指拒絕別人的請(qǐng)求、幫助、邀請(qǐng)等，其后可跟不定式。 reject不能用于拒絕別人的邀請(qǐng)或幫助，其后不能跟不定式。 She refused (to accept) my gift.＝She rejected my gift. 她拒絕接受我的禮物。 10．put forward 提出，推薦；將……提前 put away/aside 放在一邊；收拾起來；儲(chǔ)存 put back 放回，撥回 put down 寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓；放下 put forth 提出；頒布 put...into 把……翻譯成 put off 延期，推遲 put on 穿、戴上；(速度、體重)增加；上演 put out 撲滅，熄滅 put through 接通電話 put up 舉起；建造；張貼 put up with 忍受，忍耐，容忍 [即學(xué)即練10](1)She often ___________ some useful advice.她常常提出一些有用的建議。 (2)Can I ______ you/your name ___________ as golf club secretary？我推薦你擔(dān)任高爾夫球俱樂部的秘書怎么樣？ (3)We have ______ the wedding ___________ one week.我們已將婚禮提前了一周。 (4)______ your watch __________； you‘re five minutes slow. 把你的表往前撥一下，你慢了5分鐘。 puts forward put forward put forward by Put forward 11．a(chǎn)part from除……之外 take...apart把……拆開 tell...apart區(qū)分，辨別 set/put apart留出 [即學(xué)即練11](1)____________ the cost, it will take a lot of time.除了花錢以外，還要花很多時(shí)間。 (2)I have nothing ____________ the clothes I am wearing.除了我身上穿的衣服以外，我什么也沒有。 (3)The mechanics ______ the engine ______. 機(jī)械師把發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)拆開了。 (4)It’s almost impossible to ______ Jackie and Moira ______ since they had their hair cut. 杰姬和莫伊拉把頭發(fā)剪了，幾乎不可能把她倆區(qū)別開來。 Apart from apart from took apart tell apart 12．make sense 講得通；有道理；很有意義 make sense of sth. 懂；了解……的含義 make no sense 講不通；無意義 in a sense 就某種意義而言；在某種意義上 in no sense 決不是；決非 There is no sense in doing sth. 做……沒必要/道理 a sense of humor/safety 幽默感/安全感 common sense 常識(shí) [即學(xué)即練12](1)What he says ____________. 他說的有道理。 (2)Can you ______________ this poem? 你能明白這首詩的含義嗎？ (3)What you say is true ___________. 你所說的在某種意義上是真實(shí)的。 (4)That just ____________________ me. 那對(duì)我毫無意義。 makes sense make sense of in a sense makes no sense to (5)_____________ does this excuse their actions. 這決不能成為他們行為的托辭。 (6)_____________________in getting upset about it now.現(xiàn)在為這件事苦惱是沒有意義的。 　　 　　 In no sense There is no sense Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解 1．So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. 因此每次暴發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，就有大批驚恐的人死去。 這是由名詞詞組 every time 充當(dāng)連詞的時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“每當(dāng)……”，相當(dāng)于 when。某些表達(dá)時(shí)間的名詞詞組可直接充當(dāng)連詞，即“名詞連詞化現(xiàn)象”。常見的有： (1)不定代詞＋time　如：any time, each time... (2)序數(shù)詞＋time　如：the first/last time... (3)the＋瞬時(shí)名詞　如：the minute/moment/instant (4)the＋時(shí)間名詞　如：the day/night/month/time... ①He brings her flowers every time he goes to see her. 他每次去看她都給她帶花。 ②The first time he did the experiment, he succeeded. 他第一次做實(shí)驗(yàn)就成功了。 ③I‘ll give him your message the minute he arrives. 等他一到，我就把你的口信給他。 ④He bought a computer the day he got his salary. 他發(fā)工資那天買了一臺(tái)電腦。 [即境活用1]　The boys ran off______ they saw the owner of the orchard (果園)． A．a(chǎn)t times　　 B．the hour C．the moment D．a(chǎn)t once 答案：C 解析：句中 the moment 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 as soon as。 2．Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。 only 修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句，放在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞 be放在主語之前。 ①Only then did I realize the mistakes I had made. 只有在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我所犯的錯(cuò)誤。 ②Only in this way can you make progress. 只有以這種方式你才能取得進(jìn)步。 ③Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home.只有在1949年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束時(shí)他才能回家。 拓展：if only要是……該多好，但愿。if only從句可單獨(dú)使用，這時(shí)要用虛擬語氣：表示與過去相反的愿望用 had done；與現(xiàn)在相反的愿望用 did/were；表示與將來相反的愿望用 “would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 ①If only I had gone to Beijing. 我要是去了北京就好了。 ②If only he could come tomorrow. 他要是明天能來就好了。 [即境活用2]　______both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region. A．Only if B．Unless C．If only D．As long as 答案：A 解析：主句中用了“will＋主語＋be”倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故選 Only if。 易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考 1. defeat/beat/win 這三個(gè)詞都有“贏”的意思，但其用法不盡相同。 (1)defeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語必須是“人或一個(gè)集體”。如a team, a class, a school, an army等。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人，beat常用于游戲或比賽中，但在平時(shí)運(yùn)用中常替換使用。 (2)win表示在較強(qiáng)的競爭中取得了勝利，常帶的賓語有：game, war, prize, fame, battle等。win還可作為不及物動(dòng)詞來用。 [應(yīng)用1]　用defeat, beat, win填空 (1)He ____________ all his opponents in the election. (2)Peasants ______ the drought and reaped a good harvest. (3)After a hearttoheart talk, I ______ his belief at last. defeated/beat beat won (4)The enemy’s plot was _________ very soon. (5)We wouldn’t have ______without your help. (6)Mary ______ first prize for swimming. 　　　 defeated won won 2. cure/treat/heal (1)treat指通過藥物、特別的食品或運(yùn)動(dòng)治病，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療過程，treat sb. for sth.醫(yī)治某人……?。贿€可作“對(duì)待，看待”講，treat...as把……看作/視為。 (2)cure意為“治愈，痊愈”，特別指病后的恢復(fù)健康。其后可接表示疾病的名詞或代詞，也可接sb. of再加表示疾病的名詞。另外，還可作“矯正，糾正”解，借喻指消除社會(huì)上某種不良現(xiàn)象或個(gè)人惡習(xí)等。 (3)heal意為“治愈”，多用于治愈外傷，如：wound, cut, injury, burn等。 [應(yīng)用2]　(1)He _________ his students as his own children.他把學(xué)生看作自己的孩子。 (2)The doctors are trying to ______ him with a new drug. 醫(yī)生們嘗試用一種新藥為他治病。 (3)His wound is _________ over. 他的傷口正在愈合。 (4)The medicine will ______ you of your cough. 這藥能治好你的咳嗽。 (5)When I left hospital I was completely ______. 出院時(shí)我已完全康復(fù)了。 treated treat healing cure cured 3. announce/declare (1)announce宣布；宣告(含有“預(yù)告”的意思)，尤其是大家所關(guān)心的或有新聞價(jià)值的事情的宣布。用announce說個(gè)人要做某事，常常含有“鄭重其事”的意思。 (2)declare宣布(如公開聲明戰(zhàn)爭、和平、中立、意見等)，用于正式場合。 [應(yīng)用3]　(1)This powerful country _________ war on that small country. 這個(gè)大國向那個(gè)小國宣戰(zhàn)。 (2)It was ___________ that there would be a celebration on Sunday.據(jù)宣布，星期日要舉行慶祝(活動(dòng))。 declared announced 4. apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/except/except for/except that/besides apart from 除……之外(既可以表示 except或 except for，也可以表示 besides) in addition 也；另外；此外；還(相當(dāng)于副詞 besides) in addition to 除……以外還(相當(dāng)于介詞 besides) as well as 還；既……又……；也(相當(dāng)于介詞 besides) except (＝but) 除……之外(不包括在內(nèi)) except for 除……之外(強(qiáng)調(diào)有美中不足) except that (what/when/where) 除了…… besides 除……之外 (包括在內(nèi))；況且；此外 [應(yīng)用4]　用上述詞或詞組填空 (1)I like her ____________ she is angry. (2)I have read a lot of novels _____________________________________some short stories. (3)Your composition is very good _____________________ some spelling mistakes. (4)___________________， we have a research－oriented program. (5)They all went to sleep ____________________ the little boy. except when in addition to/besides/as well as/apart from apart from/except for In addition/Besides apart from/except 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評(píng)·技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．A nurse _____________(照料) to his needs constantly. 2．Mr Smith is a __________(內(nèi)科醫(yī)師) in the hospital. 3．A scientific theory is the result of the _________ (科學(xué)的) method. 4．She doesn't want to _________ (暴露) herself to the public, because she is a shy girl. 5．Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious _____________(挑戰(zhàn)) we face. attended　 physician scientific expose challenges 6．He drew a c_____________ after a lot of experiments. 7．Who is to b___________ for starting the fire? 8．A____________ from your spelling, your composition is rather good. 9．Have they a_____________ when the plane will take off? 10．You must be c_____________________ when crossing the street. conclusion　 blame Apart announced cautious/careful Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(2010·桂林中學(xué))His failure at ______ first attempt didn‘t disappoint him. Instead, he gathered his courage and tried ______ second time. A．the; the B．the; a C．a(chǎn); the D．a(chǎn); a 答案：B 解析：考查冠詞的用法。第一空序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the，此處指第一次嘗試；a second time表示“又一次，再一次”，用不定冠詞。 2．(2010·陜西西安質(zhì)檢)It doesn‘t make sense ______ after ______. You should cheer up and practice hard instead. A．to complain; being defeated B．complain; defeating C．complain; being defeated D．to complain; defeating 答案：A 解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it在句中作形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語，由此可以排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)語意可知，you與defeat是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即要用被動(dòng)形式，由此可以排除D項(xiàng)。故選A。 3．The doctor ______ the patient with great care and said there was nothing wrong with him. A．tested B．a(chǎn)ttended C．examined D．checked 答案：C 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。examine “仔細(xì)檢查，以找出線索或發(fā)現(xiàn)問題”，合題意。test 指檢測某人的品質(zhì)、能力或事物的質(zhì)量、性能；attend“出席，參加”；check“檢查，核對(duì)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)檢驗(yàn)事物是否與預(yù)料中的現(xiàn)象或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。 4．In my opinion, it is the coach rather than the players that ______. A．is to blame B．is to be blamed C．a(chǎn)re to blame D．a(chǎn)re to be blamed 答案：A 解析：此題既考查語法主謂一致，又考查單詞 blame 的習(xí)慣用法——用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。句意為“在我看來，是教練而不是隊(duì)員該受責(zé)備”。 5．He has no other interests ______his work. A．far from B．a(chǎn)way from C．a(chǎn)part from D．except that 答案：C 解析：apart from “除了”，既可表示“除……之外沒有”，相當(dāng)于 except, 也可表示“除……之外也/還……”，相當(dāng)于 besides。 6．—What do you think of the plan he ______ at the meeting? —Very good. But the most important is to put it into ______. A．put up; action B．put forward; practice C．put aside; practice D．put away; truth 答案：B 解析：put forward 的意思是“提出意見、計(jì)劃”，put into practice 意思為“實(shí)施；實(shí)行”。 7．Eating too much fat can______heart disease and cause high blood pressure. A．relate to B．contribute to C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．devote to 答案：B 解析：contribute to “有助于，成為……的原因，對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)”，在此相當(dāng)于 lead to 或result in。relate to 和……有關(guān)系；attend to 注意，專心，處理； devote to 致力于。 8．The Town Hall ______ in the 1800‘s was the most distinguished building at that time. A．to be completed B．having been completed C．completed D．being completed 答案：C 解析：complete和 the Town Hall之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞短語來做定語。 9．______the sun for long, you‘ll get sunburnt. A．Exposed to B．Being exposed C．Exposing to D．To expose to 答案：A 解析：exposed to 在句中做狀語，表示“被暴露在陽光下”。 10．Although this medicine can cure you ______ your illness, it has a bad effect ______ you. A．for; in B．for; on C．of; on D．of; at 答案：C 解析：考查介詞搭配。cure...of...治愈；have a bad effect on 對(duì)……有壞的影響。 11．When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely______a magazine. A．a(chǎn)bsorbing in B．a(chǎn)bsorbed in C．a(chǎn)bsorbing to D．a(chǎn)bsorbed to 答案：B 解析：句意為“當(dāng)我打開門時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)父親正坐在椅子上，全神貫注地讀雜志”。be absorbed in...“全神貫注于……”，在句中用做伴隨狀語，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。 12．－How about joining us in the game? －I’m sorry. I have an urgent matter to ______. A．relate to B．handle to C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．refer to 答案：C 解析：句意為：——同我們一起做游戲怎么樣？——抱歉。我有急事要處理。attend to處理，照顧。relate to與……有聯(lián)系；handle處理；refer to指，談到，提到。 13．(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Faced with a problem, you have to ______ it first, and then try to find a solution. A．resemble B．substitute C．concentrate D．a(chǎn)nalyze 答案：D 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語意為：面對(duì)問題，你必須先分析，然后盡力找出解決辦法。resemble看起來像；substitute代替；concentrate集中(注意力)；analyze分析。 14．I threatened to report the taxi driver for illegally ______ a passenger, but he pointed at his “Not for Hire” sign and drove away. A．resisting B．rejecting C．reducing D．removing 答案：B 解析：reject拒絕接受；resist抵抗，反抗；reduce減少；remove去掉。 15．－Have you heard of a person in Qingdao who won a million in the lottery? －A million! ______ we had won it. A．What if B．Only if C．What about D．If only 答案：D 解析：考查虛擬語氣。從后面的had won可知，這是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣形式，而選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)后面的句子用虛擬語氣，故選D項(xiàng)。What if...“如果……怎么辦？”；Only if...“只有……”；What about...“……怎么樣？”；If only...“但愿；要是……就好了”。句意：“你聽說了嗎？青島的一個(gè)人買彩票中了一百萬大獎(jiǎng)！”“一百萬！要是我們中了就好了?！? Ⅲ .完形填空 I had my first chocolate bar at five.I'll never forget the delicious，comforting taste. It was World WarⅡ.I lived in a small town in Europe when the Russian army __1__ west toward Nazi Germany.Many people in our village fled in __2__. In the __3__ , I stood with my 12yearold sister，Elyte，near the railroad station, __4__ a train leaving for Germany waited. Only families were __5__ to board the train.Just before departure，a woman __6__ alone approached us. “I'll take care of him，”she told Elyte, and __7__ me onto the train as it left the station. The entire trip I__8__for my mother. We arrived in Hamburg.Dead bodies__9__the bombedout streets.Now that the woman had __10__ escaped the small town she had no more use for me.I lived on the streets，like thousands of __11__ children in that wartorn city.I __12__ by stealing food.Still，there was never enough.I was skin and bones，close to__13__. Then the American troops arrived.They looked so big and __14__. Stealing food from them was easy.I'd __15__ into the hall, hide under a table and make off with loaves of fresh bread. One afternoon as I hid behind a tent in search of food，a huge hand lifted me up by the __16__ , an American soldier.“Got ya！”he shouted. I was scared, and I could see it __17__ him.“It's okay, kid，”he said. He reached into his uniform and handed me a chocolate bar. “Here，have some of this.”I unwrapped it and took a small __18__. As with that first taste of chocolate, I thought I'd gone to __19__. The soldier took me to an orphanage(孤兒院) run by the Red Cross. Soon after，a family who lived in Pennsylvania adopted me and brought me up. God, I want to pay __20__ all the people who were so good to me，I prayed. 1．A. swept B. occupied C. fought D. defeated 2．A. hurry B. danger C. panic D. surprise 3．