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111 Unit 3 Travel journal 語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn) 單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)） 詞匯 部分 詞語(yǔ)辨析 1. finally/at last/in the end 2. across/through/over 3. persuade / advise 4. beneath / under / below 詞形 變化 1. organize vt. 組織 organized adj. 有組織的 organization n. 組織 2. wool n. 羊毛 woolen adj. 毛紡的; 純毛的 3. determine v. 決定? determined ?adj. ? 堅(jiān)決的 determination n. 決心; 堅(jiān)定性 重點(diǎn) 單詞 1. prefer v. 更喜歡，選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物） 2. persuade v. 說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō) 3. insist v. 堅(jiān)持 4. determine v. 決定；確定；下定決心 重點(diǎn) 詞組 1. care about 關(guān)心，在乎 go through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 2. give in 屈服，讓步，投降；上交 3. change one’s mind 改變主意 重點(diǎn)句子 1. It was my sister who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River. 首先想到沿湄公河騎車旅游的是我姐姐。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句） 2. She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly. 她堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái) （見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法部分） I 詞語(yǔ)辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. finally/at last/in the end 【解釋】 finally 有兩個(gè)意思，一是在按順序列舉事物或論點(diǎn)時(shí)引出最后一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，“最后，末了”；二是表示“在經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之后才，終于?！?另外，finally 一般位于動(dòng)詞前。 at last強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力 in the end強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)許多困難、變化之后，事情才發(fā)生 at last和in the end 同finally 的第二個(gè)意思 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). The war lasted four years before the North won _______________. 2). Your idea will turn out right _________. 3). ______, I want to thank you for helping me. Keys: 1). in the end/ at last 2). in the end 3). Finally 2. across/through/over 【解釋】 across 表示從表面上橫穿，橫跨 through 表示穿過(guò)空間內(nèi)部 over 表示“越過(guò)”，指從較高物體的一側(cè)到另一側(cè) 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 The Great Wall winds its way ____high mountains, ___ deep valleys and ___ great deserts.??? Keys: over…through…across 3. persuade / advise 【解釋】 persuade 指通過(guò)勸說(shuō)、感情交流等而使對(duì)方做勸說(shuō)者所希望的事。強(qiáng)調(diào)勸說(shuō)已收到成效。 advise 并不涉及是否有成效 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Some of us ________ him to change his mind but no one could _________ him to do so. Keys: 1). advised…persuade 4. beneath / under / below 【解釋】 beneath 書(shū)面用詞，指緊挨……之下 under 普通用詞，指在某物的正下方 below 指位置低于某物或在某物下方，但不一定在正下方， 所指范圍較寬 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Write your name _______ the line. 2). They found the body buried a pile of leaves. 3). They stood ________ a big tree. Keys: 1). below 2). beneath 3). under II 詞性變化 （旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料） 1. organize vt. 組織 organized adj. 有組織的 organization n. 組織 2. wool n. 羊毛 woolen adj. 毛紡的; 純毛的 3. determine v. 決定? determined ?adj. ? 堅(jiān)決的 determination n. 決心; 堅(jiān)定性 【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1) He's involved in the _______ of a new club. (organize) 2) She’s a highly ________ person. (organize) 3）She _______ the class into four groups. (organize) 4）These goats are specially bred for their _______. (wool) 5）Those are _______ blankets (wool) 6）His father is a leader with courage and _________. (determine) 7) She will ________ how it is to be done. (determine) 8) I'm ________ to succeed. (determine) Keys: 1) organization 2) organized 3) organized 4) wool 5) woolen 6) determination 7) determine 8) determined Ⅲ 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料） 1. prefer v. （preferred/preferring） 更喜歡，選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物） [典例] 1). I prefer dogs to cats. 貓狗之中我更喜歡狗。 2). I prefer speaking the truth to lying. 我寧愿講實(shí)話而不愿說(shuō)謊。 3). Would you prefer that we put off our wedding till next mouth? 你是否更愿意把我們的婚禮推遲到下個(gè)月？ [重點(diǎn)用法] prefer sth../doing prefer A to B prefer doing A to doing B prefer (sb.) to do (rather than do) prefer that-clause [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 比起乘坐擁擠的公共汽車，他寧愿騎自行車。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 瑪麗更愿意我在外面等她。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. 2). Mary prefers me to wait for her outside. 2. persuade v. 說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō) [典例] 1). We persuaded him to take the job / into taking the job. 我們說(shuō)服了他接受這份工作。 2). My mother finally persuaded me not to go to the party / out of going to the party. 媽媽最終說(shuō)服我不參加這次聚會(huì)。 3). How can I persuade you of my sincerity？ 我如何能讓你相信我是真誠(chéng)的？ 4). I am almost persuaded that he is honest. 我?guī)缀跸嘈帕怂钦\(chéng)實(shí)的。 [重點(diǎn)用法] persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of sth./doing sth. 勸阻某人做某事 persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 persuade that-clause 使某人相信... [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1）他正試圖說(shuō)服他的朋友放棄抽煙。 2) 我們使亨利相信是他錯(cuò)了。 3) 我?guī)缀跸嘈潘钦\(chéng)實(shí)的。 Key：1) He is trying to persuade his friends to give up smoking. 2) We persuaded Harry that he was wrong. 3)I am almost persuaded of his honesty. 3. insist v. 堅(jiān)持 [典例] You can come back later, if you insist. 如果你一定要堅(jiān)持，你就稍后再來(lái)吧。 [重點(diǎn)用法] insist on/upon sth./( sb’s) doing 堅(jiān)持某事/要求（某人）做某事 I still insist on my viewpoint. 我仍然堅(jiān)持我的觀點(diǎn)。 He insisted on paying for the meal. 他堅(jiān)持要付飯錢(qián)。 Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 媽媽堅(jiān)決要求我們自己洗衣服。 [練習(xí)] 選擇填空 1). The man insisted _______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 2). I insist that a doctor _______ immediately. A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for 3). Some people insisted that the person _____ a thief and insisted that he _____ to the police station. A. was; be taken B. was, would be taken C. should be; should be taken D. be; be taken Keys: 1). C 2). D 3). A 4. determine v. 決定；確定；下定決心 [典例] 1). Attitude determines everything. 態(tài)度決定一切。 2). We determined to go to the railway station at once. 我們決定立刻去火車站。 3). I wonder what determined her to marry him in the end. 我想知道是什么使她最終下決心嫁給他的。 4). The court determined that the man was guilty of robbery. 法庭裁定那個(gè)人犯了搶劫罪。 [重點(diǎn)用法] determine on/upon (doing) sth. determine + n. determine to do sth. determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定決心做某事 determine + that-clause adj. be determined to do sth. [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 你決定好暑假做什么了嗎？ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 她決心要上哈佛大學(xué)。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). Have you determined what to do in the summer holidays? 2).She was determined to go to Harvard University. Ⅳ 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料） 1. care about 關(guān)心，在乎 [典例] 1). The only thing he cares about is money. 他唯一在乎的東西就是金錢(qián)。 2). Family members should always care about each other. 一家人應(yīng)該互相關(guān)心。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] care for 喜歡（多用于否定、疑問(wèn)句）；照顧 I don’t care for coffee. 我不喜歡喝咖啡。 Could you help care for my child when I am out？ 我外出時(shí)能幫忙照顧下我的孩子嗎？ [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 她關(guān)心的只是她的社交活動(dòng)。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 他深深地愛(ài)著她。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). All she cares about is her social life. 2). He cares for her deeply. 2. give in 屈服，讓步，投降；上交 [典例] 1). Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in (to my view). 由于無(wú)法說(shuō)服我，他不得不認(rèn)輸。 2). It’s time to give in your examination papers. 到了交試卷的時(shí)間了。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] give in (to sb./sth.) 向…讓步 give up sth./doing 放棄（做）某事 give away 贈(zèng)送；泄露 give back 歸還；恢復(fù) give off 放出，散發(fā)(光、熱、煙、氣味等) give over 交付 give out vt. 分配；分發(fā)；發(fā)布 vi.（食物，燃料，電力等）用光；筋疲力盡 [練習(xí)]　用 give 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1). When will the food supplied of our enemy________. 2). He intended to________ a large amount of money to the Project Hope. 3). Because of his low salary, he had to _________ his dream trip to Europe. Keys: 1). give out 2). give away 3). give up 3. change one’s mind 改變主意 make up one’s mind (to do) 下定決心（做某事） [典例] 1). Maybe you’ll change your mind after thinking it over. 也許你仔細(xì)考慮之后會(huì)改變主意。 2). I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it. 我已經(jīng)下定決心，不管你說(shuō)什么我都不會(huì)改主意了。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] 與mind 有關(guān)的常用短語(yǔ) have a/no mind to do 有/無(wú)意做 lose one’s mind 失去理智 read one’s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one’s mind 直言不諱 be of the same mind 意見(jiàn)一致 be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one’s mind to 注意… keep one’s mind on 專心于… take one’s mind off sth. 轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意力 bear/keep sth. in mind 記住某事 bring/call sth. to mind 回憶某事 put sb. in mind of sth. 使某人想起某事 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 我決心當(dāng)醫(yī)生。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 任何事情都不能使我改變主意。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). I've made up my mind to be a doctor. 2). Nothing will make me change my mind. V重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料） 1. It was my sister who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River. 首先想到沿湄公河騎車旅游的是我姐姐。 [解釋] 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who + 其余部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是原句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、從句。 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)： It is the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or what you are. 關(guān)鍵是你的工作能力而不是你從哪來(lái)或你是誰(shuí)。 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)： It was Michael that/who I gave this ticket to. 我把這張票給了麥克。 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 大約600年前，第一個(gè)有鐘面和時(shí)針的鐘誕生了。 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)： It was in Brooklyn that Beckham first met Victoria, so they named their first son Brooklyn. 布魯克林是貝克漢姆和維多利亞第一次相遇的地方，所以他們給第一個(gè)兒子取名布魯克林。 強(qiáng)調(diào)從句： It was because he is in critical condition that the doctor decided to operate on him. 醫(yī)生之所以決定為他動(dòng)手術(shù)，是因?yàn)樗∏槲ｋU(xiǎn)。 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 我把這張票給了麥克。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 醫(yī)生之所以決定為他動(dòng)手術(shù)，是因?yàn)樗∏槲ｋU(xiǎn)。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). It was Michael that/who I gave this ticket to. 2). It was because he is in critical condition that the doctor decided to operate on him. 2. She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly. [解釋]insist + that-clause insist 意為“堅(jiān)持要求（做某事）”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)用should do的形式, should可省略；而insist 意為“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持某種觀點(diǎn)”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境變化，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己沒(méi)有犯錯(cuò)。 The bodyguards insisted that the president (should) keep away from the crowd for the sake of safety. 出于安全考慮，護(hù)衛(wèi)人員堅(jiān)決要求總統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)離人群。 suggest (建議)，demand (要求)，require (要求)，request (請(qǐng)求)，order (命令)等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句也常用 “(should) do” 表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 我堅(jiān)決要求你立刻采取行動(dòng)把事情處理好。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 他反應(yīng)冷淡表明他并不喜歡這個(gè)主意。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). I insist on your taking/insist that you take immediate action to put this right. 2). His cool response suggested that he didn't like the idea. 111