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111 Period 6 grammar 【大成目標】（目標解讀及課堂組織2分鐘） 1、 通過對句子觀察思考，了解三種基本時態(tài)（一般過去時、過去完成時、過去了進行時的含義和基本形式及兩兩間的區(qū)別。（重點） 2、 通過填空練習和高考鏈接，訓練學生做題速度及鞏固學生對三種時態(tài)的應用。（難點） 3、 通過寫作訓練，把握運用三種時態(tài)的準確用法。 【使用說明】 l 前查閱資料，了解三種時態(tài)的基本概念。 2、建議1課時。 基礎案（課中8分鐘） 自主學習，展示點評 Step 1 Match the sentences with the names of the tenses. 1. past simple A. He survived. 2. past perfect B. He was driving a lorry. 3. past continuous C. He had had lots of jobs. Key: 1. A 2. C 3. B Step 2 Read the sentence and discuss the questions. 1. Before he volunteered to direct traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. 2. He was driving a lorry when he came off the road. 3. Somehow he survived. 4. No one asked him to do the job. 5. He had been a miner and a solider. a. Which tense refers to actions in the past? b. Which tense refers to an action in progress when another thing happened? c. Which tense refers to something which happened before something else? keys: 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. c Step 3 Group Work. Ask Ss to find more examples of each tense in Part 3 of the passage The Human Traffic Signal. past simple past continuous past perfect Suggested answers: past simple He had a close encounter with death. He came off the road at a bend. past continuous He was working as a lorry driver. He was driving a lorry load of bananas. past perfect He had been a miner and a soldier. …a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. 升華案（18分鐘） 自主學習，小組討論，展示點評，教師點撥 溫馨提示 請根據(jù)時間狀語判斷時態(tài)。 Step 1 觀察思考各種時態(tài)特點（小組活動） 1. a. He was born in 1995. b. When I was a child , I was taken to Shanghai once Suggested answers: past simple 有兩個特點，一是表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，而不是現(xiàn)在，常伴有表示過去的時間狀語；二是說話人在心中對動作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)存在的時間是明確的。 2. a.. We had learnt four thousand new words by the end of last year. b. They had no sooner got home than it began to rain. Suggested answers: past perfect 表示動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到過去某一時間，通常使用具有延續(xù)意義的動詞，常帶有如by(the end of) +過去某時刻, since, for, when, before等時間狀語表示某動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前結束了，但其影響延續(xù)至當時，通常使用短暫性動詞. 3. a. At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp. b. What were you doing at eight last night? Suggested answers: past continuous 表示某個時間正在發(fā)生、進行的動作。句子常有表示“過去某個時間點”的狀語。 溫馨提示 請注意找出時間的參照點。 Step 2 觀察思考三種時態(tài)間的區(qū)別(小組活動) 1. 一般過去時與過去進行時的區(qū)別 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night. Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night. 歸納總結： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Suggested answers: 一般過去時表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，強調一種事實或結果；而過去進行時表示過去某時正在持續(xù)進行的動作或尚未完成的動作，強調過程。 2. 一般過去時與過去完成時的區(qū)別 They had done the work at five o’clock. They did the work at five o’clock. 歸納總結： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Suggested answers: 一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生在過去某時(其時間參照點是現(xiàn)在)，而過去完成時則表示動作發(fā)生在過去某時之前(其時間參照點是過去)。 鞏固案（10分鐘） Step 1和Step 2限時完成（個體）→核對答案（個體）→研究錯題原因（小組） Step 3個人寫作，小組互改 (課后進行) Step 1 Ask Ss to complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in Activity 4. Suggested answers: (1) had done (2)was waiting (3) had seen/ saw (4) had asked/ asked （5）was crying (6) left (7) ran (8) was talking (9)had finished (10)did (11)knew (12)had happened (13) had forgotten (14) took (15)had frozen Step 2高考鏈接 1. （04四川 25） -- Has Sam finished his homework today? ---I have no idea. He _it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 溫馨提示 以上題均為語境題，解題時應注意相關考點在具體語境中的使用。 2. (04 北京春 24)－Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. －Where was I? －You ______ you didn’t like your father’s job. A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 3. (2005 北京)He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 4. (NMET 2002 23) –You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? --I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say 5. (04北京春 34)______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time! had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep A. C. fell asleep D. fall asleep Keys: 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5 C Step 3 Use the three tenses we just learnt to finish the play: Who is the thief ?() 開頭部分 One day in the street, a lady’ s wallet had been stolen by someone… 【課堂小結】（2分鐘） 1. 是否掌握本節(jié)課目標上的三種時態(tài)？ ? ? ?2. 存在的問題？ 3. 本節(jié)課的收獲。 111