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Unit 4 Wildlife Protection
語言要點(diǎn)
單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽(旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn))
詞匯
部分
詞語
辨析
1. contain / include
2. reserve / keep / preserve
3. reduce / decrease
4. fierce / wild / violent(未調(diào)順序)
詞形
變化
1. power n. 能力
powerful adj. 強(qiáng)有力的; 力量大的
powerfully adv. 強(qiáng)有力地; 力量大地
2. appreciate v. 理解并欣賞; 賞識(shí); 高度評(píng)價(jià)
appreciation n. 欣賞; 感激
appreciative adj. 有欣賞力的; 表示賞識(shí)的; 感激的
3. succeed v. ?成功; 做成; 達(dá)到目的
success ?n. ?成功; 成就; 成名; 發(fā)財(cái); 勝利; 達(dá)到目的
successful adj. ?獲得成功的; 取得成效的; 達(dá)到目的的
重點(diǎn)
單詞
1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未馴化的;無居民的, 荒涼的
2. die out(指物種)死光;滅絕, 火慢慢熄滅
3. hunt vt. & vi. 打獵; 獵取; 搜索
4. distant n. (空間或時(shí)間)遠(yuǎn)隔的, 遙遠(yuǎn)的
5. mercy n. 仁慈; 寬恕; 寬容; 恩惠; 幸運(yùn)
重點(diǎn)
詞組
1. pay attention to 注意
2. die out(指物種)死光;滅絕, 火慢慢熄滅
3. come into being形成;產(chǎn)生(不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)或進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))
重點(diǎn)句子
1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.
2. They set the number of animals to be hunted.
重點(diǎn)語法
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(見語法部分)
Ⅰ 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. contain / include
【解釋】
contain強(qiáng)調(diào)主語含有某種成分或裝有某物。如:
include強(qiáng)調(diào)主語包含的人或物是主語的一部分。所以include常譯為“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常見的表達(dá)形式。
【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1). The list ________ his name.
2). Beer __________ alcohol.
Keys: 1). included 2). contains
2. reserve / keep / preserve
【解釋】
reserve 正式用詞,指為了將來的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。
keep 最常用詞,指長時(shí)間牢固地保持合伙保存。
preserve 主要指為防止損害、變質(zhì)等而保存。
【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1). Will you _______ these documents for us?
2). In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing.
3). All the front seats are _________ for foreign guests.
Keys: 1). keep 2).preserved 3). reserved
3. reduce / decrease
【解釋】
reduce 強(qiáng)調(diào)在“數(shù)量、大小,程度或強(qiáng)度”方面下降或減少。
decrease 側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)“穩(wěn)定地,逐漸地,不斷地”減少
【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1). The workers _______ their wage demands.
2). Lack of success _________ confidence.
Keys: 1). reduced 2). decreased
4. fierce / wild / violent
【解釋】
fierce 指人或獸的兇猛殘酷。
wild 既可指自然界的荒蕪,未被馴化狀態(tài),又指人的無法無天,不文明的野蠻行為。
violent 指人時(shí)側(cè)重極為不安、異常激動(dòng),暗含有暴力行為;也指破壞性的或不可控制的自然力量。
【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1). She is afraid of his _________ looks
.
2). Who was that _________ old lady?
3). _______ criminals like that are a danger to society.
Keys: 1). wild 2). fierce 3). violent
Ⅱ 詞性變化 (旨在提供語法填空所需材料)
1. power n. 能力
powerful adj. 強(qiáng)有力的; 力量大的
powerfully adv. 強(qiáng)有力地; 力量大地
2. appreciate v. 理解并欣賞; 賞識(shí); 高度評(píng)價(jià)
appreciation n. 欣賞; 感激
appreciative adj. 有欣賞力的; 表示賞識(shí)的; 感激的
3. succeed v. ?成功; 做成; 達(dá)到目的
success ?n. ?成功; 成就; 成名; 發(fā)財(cái); 勝利; 達(dá)到目的
successful adj. ?獲得成功的; 取得成效的; 達(dá)到目的的
【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1) I will do everything in my ________ to help you. (power)
2) He is very _________ built. (power)
3) Elephants have _________ legs. (power)
4) She shows little or no ________ of good music. (dusk)
5) Your help was greatly _________. (dusk )
6) I'm most _________ of your generosity. (add)
7) He wasn't a ________ as a teacher. (add)
8) If at first you don't ________, try, try again. (add)
9) My final attempt to fix it was __________.
Keys: 1) power 2) powerfully 3) powerful 4) appreciation
5) appreciated 6) appreciative 7) success 8) succeed
9) successful
Ⅲ 重點(diǎn)詞匯 (旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料)
1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未馴化的;無居民的, 荒涼的
[典例]
1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜歡拍攝野生動(dòng)物。
2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我們走進(jìn)荒無人煙的山區(qū)。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
be wild about sth/sb(對(duì)某事物[某人])極熱心或熱愛
be wild with… 因……而發(fā)狂
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 群眾欣喜若狂。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 孩子們都特別喜歡這個(gè)新計(jì)算機(jī)。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). The crowd went wild with delight.
2). The children are wild about the new computer.
2. relief n. (痛苦﹑ 困苦﹑ 憂慮等的)減輕或解除
[典例]
1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 這種藥可以減輕一些痛苦。
2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我聽到他平安的消息時(shí)才松了一口氣。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
(much) to one’s relief 使某人大為放心;使某人深感寬慰
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 我最慶幸的是沒有遲到。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 見到你在這兒也就放心了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). To my great relief/Much to my relief, I wasn't late.
2). It's a great relief to find you here.
3. hunt vt. & vi. 打獵; 獵取; 搜索
[典例]
1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群獵食的。
2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
hunt for 試圖找到(某物[某人])
hunt after 探求;追求
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 我在尋找一本失去的書。
2). 許多人一生追求成名,但一無所獲。
Keys: 1). I am hunting for a lost book.
2). Many people hunt after fame in their lives but never find it.
4. distant n. (空間或時(shí)間)遠(yuǎn)隔的, 遙遠(yuǎn)的
[典例]
1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 機(jī)場距離城市大約十英里遠(yuǎn)。
2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的遠(yuǎn)房表妹。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
be distant with / towards with sb. 對(duì)……冷淡
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 這兩種學(xué)說之間沒有什么關(guān)聯(lián)。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她對(duì)媽媽總是很冷淡。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). There is a distant connection between the two theories.
2). She is always distant with her mother.
5. mercy n. 仁慈; 寬恕; 寬容; 恩惠; 幸運(yùn)
[典例]
1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他們對(duì)敵人很仁慈。
2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受傷, 真幸運(yùn)。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]擺布或控制
have mercy on / upon對(duì)……有憐憫心
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 那只船在暴風(fēng)雨中失去控制
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 可憐可憐我們吧。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). The ship was at the mercy of the storm.
2). Have mercy on us!
Ⅳ 重點(diǎn)詞組 (旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料)
詞組
1. pay attention to 注意
[典例]
1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 請(qǐng)注意我說的話。
2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到一個(gè)新問題上。
[短語歸納]
catch sb's attention 吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物
give one's attention to 注意……
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 報(bào)紙的大標(biāo)題引起他的注意。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她要我注意報(bào)告中的一處錯(cuò)誤。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). A newspaper headline caught his attention.
2). She drew my attention to an error in the report.
2. die out(指物種)死光;滅絕, 火慢慢熄滅
[典例]
1). The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 這種蛾子因棲息地正受到破壞, 幾乎絕種了。
[短語歸納]
die away減弱(以至覺察不到);淡化 die down逐漸降低;減弱
be dying 垂死的 be dying for/to do sth.渴望
die of 死于(饑餓;?。? die from死于(外界引起的)
die hard很難改變;頑固
[練習(xí)] 用die 構(gòu)成的詞組填空
1). The noise of the car ________ in the distance.
2). The old traditions are _________.
3). The man _________ a wound
4). I'm ________ something to eat.
Keys: 1). died away 2). dying out 3). died from 4). dying for
3. come into being形成;產(chǎn)生(不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)或進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))
[典例]
Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百萬年前,恐龍就在地球上生活,比人類的出現(xiàn)要早得多。
[短語歸納]
come into effect實(shí)施 come into use投入使用
come into power上臺(tái)執(zhí)政
[練習(xí)]用 come的相關(guān)詞匯填空
1). When did the world _________?
2). The new seat-belt regulations __________ last week.
3). When did this word ___________?
Keys: 1). come into being 2). came into effect 3). come into use
Ⅴ 重點(diǎn)句子 (旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料)
1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她轉(zhuǎn)過身看到一只羚羊帶著憂郁的神色望著她。
[解釋]此句可改成:
She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.
“with a sad face looking at her” 為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),即with +名詞、代詞(介詞賓語)+v.-ing(賓補(bǔ))??沙洚?dāng)賓補(bǔ)的還有分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞及介詞短語。簡單總結(jié)為:with +賓語+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do)作伴隨狀語或定語
[典例]
With some students following behind, he came in.
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 站著的時(shí)候不要把手插在口袋里。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 新老板很擔(dān)心,因?yàn)橛泻芏嗍乱幚怼?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.
2). With a lot of thing to be solved, the new boss worried a lot.
2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他們撥出一定數(shù)量的動(dòng)物供人們捕獵。
[解釋]to be hunted為動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式,在此作animals的后置定語。不定式作定語時(shí),在句中如果能找到不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,常用不定式的主動(dòng)式,找不到時(shí)常用不定式的被動(dòng)式。
[典例]
The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office.
The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office.
[練習(xí)] 中譯英
1). 在我們出發(fā)之前,這輛車必須修理一下。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 會(huì)議明天舉行。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). The car needs to be repaired before we start.
2). The meeting is to be held tomorrow.
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